A meta-analysis of brief personalized feedback interventions for problematic gambling
Abstract
Personal Feedback Interventions (PFIs) have been widely used to reduce the amount of time and money individuals spend on gambling. A central component of these interventions is personalized information about an individual's gambling behavior, often in comparison to others' gambling. The purpose of the present review and meta-analysis was to evaluate these interventions in terms of content, mode of delivery, target sample, and efficacy. Sixteen interventions from 11 studies were reviewed. We found a small, statistically significant effect in favor of PFIs versus control (d = 0.20, 95% CI 0.12, 0.27). Six moderators of intervention efficacy were explored. These interventions appeared to be most efficacious when used in populations of greater gambling severity, when individuals were provided with gambling-related educational information, and when used in conjunction with motivational interviewing. Factors associated with reduced efficacy include in-person delivery of feedback without motivational-interviewing and informing participants of their score on a psychological measure of gambling severity. Efficacy did not vary as a function of college or community samples. PFIs are a low cost, easily disseminated intervention that can be used as a harm-reduction strategy. However, more substantial effects may be attained if used as part of a larger course of therapy.
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Online multi-session treatments have larger effect sizes than brief interventions on reducing amount of time and money spent on gambling.
“Another meta-analysis reports that online multi-session treatments have larger effect sizes than brief interventions (e.g., single-session Personal Feedback Interventions, PFIs) on reducing the amount of time and money spent on gambling.”
From Efficacy of an internet-based psychological intervention for problem gambling and gambling disorder: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (2021) · cites this paper as Peter et al., 2019
PFIs are more efficacious when combined with psychoeducation and MI, and can be used as a harm-reduction strategy.
“Nevertheless, PFIs are more efficacious when combined with psychoeducation and MI, and they can be used as a harm-reduction strategy (Peter et al., 2019).”
From Efficacy of an internet-based psychological intervention for problem gambling and gambling disorder: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (2021) · cites this paper as Peter et al., 2019
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- Authors
- Peter, S. C., Brett, E. I., Suda, M. T., Leavens, E. L. S., Miller, M. B., Leffingwell, T. R., Whelan, J. P., & Meyers, A. W.
- Affiliations
- University of Memphis (US)
- Oklahoma State University (US)
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center (US)
- University of Missouri (US)
- Corresponding author
- Peter, Samuel C.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Gambling Studies
- Published
- 2019-01-04
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 447-464
- ISSN
- 1050-5350 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3602
- OpenAlex
- W2908331449
- Cited by
- 43
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5
- FWCI
- 1.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Gambling Studies (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Gambling Behavior and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Keywords
- personalized feedback intervention, problem gambling, gambling harm reduction, motivational interviewing, gambling severity, gambling education, intervention delivery mode, university students, community sample, treatment efficacy
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Biofeedback, Psychology, Female, Gambling, Humans, Internal-External Control, Male, Patient Compliance, Universities, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Motivational Interviewing
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