A Therapy System for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Using a Virtual Agent and Virtual Storytelling to Reconstruct Traumatic Memories
Open accessAbstract
Although post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is well treatable, many people do not get the desired treatment due to barriers to care (such as stigma and cost). This paper presents a system that bridges this gap by enabling patients to follow therapy at home. A therapist is only involved remotely, to monitor progress and serve as a safety net. With this system, patients can recollect their memories in a digital diary and recreate them in a 3D WorldBuilder. Throughout the therapy, a virtual agent is present to inform and guide patients through the sessions, employing an ontology-based question module for recollecting traumatic memories to further elicit a detailed memory recollection. In a usability study with former PTSD patients (n = 4), these questions were found useful for memory recollection. Moreover, the usability of the whole system was rated positively. This system has the potential to be a valuable addition to the spectrum of PTSD treatments, offering a novel type of home therapy assisted by a virtual agent.
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Previous studies have demonstrated that chatbot interventions improve psychological difficulties including major depressive disorder, panic disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, antipsychotic medication adherence, and perceived stress.
“Previous studies have demonstrated that chatbot interventions improve psychological difficulties including major depressive disorder [15], panic disorder [16], posttraumatic stress disorder [17], antipsychotic medication adherence [18], and perceived stress [19].”
From A Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Chatbot (Otis) for Health Anxiety Management: Mixed Methods Pilot Study (2022) · cites this paper as [17]
Citation [17] is attached to posttraumatic stress disorder, not the other conditions in the sentence. The Evaluation’s second usability test reports that four former PTSD patients found the virtual-agent system’s questions useful for recalling traumatic memories. It does not demonstrate that the intervention improved PTSD symptoms; the reported outcomes concern recollection and usability. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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- Authors
- Tielman, M. L., Neerincx, M. A., Bidarra, R., Kybartas, B., & Brinkman, W.-P.
- Affiliations
- Delft University of Technology (NL)
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Tielman, Myrthe L.
- Venue
- Journal of Medical Systems
- Published
- 2017-07-11
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 125-125
- ISSN
- 0148-5598 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-689X
- PMC
- PMC5506234
- OpenAlex
- W2734969743
- Cited by
- 94
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 10.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Medical Systems (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- TNO Repository (submittedVersion)
- Research Repository (Delft University of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Repository hosted by TU Delft Library (TU Delft) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (314-99-104)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts
- Keywords
- post-traumatic stress disorder, virtual agents, virtual storytelling, memory reconstruction, home-based therapy, remote therapy, digital diaries, barriers to care, PTSD treatment
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
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