Cited by 170Bullying, Victimization, and AggressionChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentChild Abuse and Trauma

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Relational Victimization and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence: Moderating Effects of Mother, Father, and Peer Emotional Support

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Desjardins, Tracy L., Leadbeater, Bonnie J.·2011·Journal of Youth and Adolescence

DOI 10.1007/s10964-010-9562-1PMC PMC4905762

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Abstract

Adolescence heralds a unique period of vulnerability to depressive symptoms. This longitudinal study examined relational victimization in adolescents' peer relationships as a unique predictor of depressive symptoms among a primarily (85%) Caucasian sample of 540 youth (294 females) concurrently and across a 6-year period. The moderating effects of emotional support received from mothers, fathers, and peers on the association between relational victimization and adolescents' depressive symptoms were also investigated. Findings revealed that adolescents who were relationally victimized consistently had higher depressive symptoms than their non-victimized peers. However, high levels of emotional support from fathers buffered this relationship over time. Emotional support from mothers and peers also moderated the longitudinal relationship between relational victimization and depressive symptoms, with high levels of support predicting increases in adolescents' symptoms. Relational victimization presents a clear risk for depressive symptoms in adolescence, and emotional support may serve either a protective or vulnerability-enhancing role depending on the source of support.

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“Such stressors include heavy academic workload (Ekpenyong, Daniel, & Aribo, 2013; Rahim et al., 2016), relationships with peers and family (Desjardins & Leadbeater, 2011), all of which may be associated with depression.”
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“…and popularity may be critical to better target interventions aimed at reducing relationally aggressive behavior (Leff and Crick 2010; Leff et al. 2010), which has been shown to be psychologically damaging for its victims (Desjardins and Leadbeater 2011; Nixon et al. 2011; You and Bellmore 2012).”
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“Associations between relational victimization and internalizing symptoms in child and adolescent samples tend to be fairly modest in size (e.g., r = 0.21 to r = 0.33; Desjardins and Leadbeater, 2011), highlighting the possibility of significant heterogeneity in individuals' reactions to relational victimization.”
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“It is particularly important to test these theories during adolescence, as this is a critical developmental period for emerging depressive symptoms and the importance of peer relations (Desjardins & Leadbeater, 2011; Prinstein, Borelli, Cheah, Simon, & Aikins, 2005).”
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“At the same time, some prior work has found no evidence for longer term associations between early victimization and later mental health (Desjardins and Leadbeater 2011; Gibb et al. 2011; Klomek et al. 2010).”
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“Our finding that access to helpful adults—such as teachers with whom a positive relationship is possible—supports the work of Desjardins and Leadbeater (2011), and suggests a way out of the cycle of family violence, especially when we take into account the potent contribution to nonresilience of…”
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“Desjardins and Leadbeater (2011) explain that while physical victimization decreases across childhood, this is not the case for social victimization and go on to suggest that “relational [social] victimization thus persists into adolescence, and research is needed to better understand it and to…”
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“While parents, teachers, and friends are known to moderate effects of peer victimization on functioning in childhood and adolescence (Baldry and Winkel 2004; DeLay et al. 2013; Desjardins and Leadbeater 2011; Hodges et al. 1999; Schmidt and Bagwell 2007; Troop-Gordon and Kuntz 2013; Woods et al. 2009), other sources o…”
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“The positive association between close friend support and severity of mental illness had been documented in prior studies (e.g., Desjardins & Leadbeater, 2011) and could be attributed to co-rumination.”
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“However, recent research (Alder & Worrall, 2004; Desjardins & Leadbeater, 2011; Doob & Cesaroni, 2004; Evans, Davies, & DiLillo, 2008; Sprott & Doob, 2004) shows that youth self-reports are generally quite valid, so we believe that we can safely assume the problems due to an absence of other data…”
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Relational Peer Victimization as a Predictor of Academic Engagement
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Authors: Desjardins, T. L., & Leadbeater, B. J.
Affiliations: University of Victoria (CA)
Corresponding author: Desjardins, Tracy L.
ORCID: Leadbeater, Bonnie J.
Venue: Journal of Youth and Adolescence
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2010-06-25
Volume: 40
Issue: 5
Pages: 531-544
ISSN: 0047-2891 (ISSN-L)
1573-6601
DOI: 10.1007/s10964-010-9562-1
PMC: PMC4905762
OpenAlex: W2078608343
Cited by: 170
References: 82
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 10
FWCI: 11.37
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Youth and Adolescence (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: Michael Smith Health Research BC
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (43275_1, 79917_1)
Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Keywords: relational victimization, depressive symptoms, adolescents, peer relationships, emotional support, maternal support, paternal support, peer support, moderation, protective factors, vulnerability
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Psychology, Adolescent, Depression, Emotions, Father-Child Relations, Fathers, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Mother-Child Relations, Mothers, Peer Group, Risk Factors, Social Support, Crime Victims

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Relational Victimization and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence: Moderating Effects of Mother, Father, and Peer Emotional Support

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