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Multi-Level Cultural Intervention for the Prevention of Suicide and Alcohol Use Risk with Alaska Native Youth: a Nonrandomized Comparison of Treatment Intensity
Open accessAbstract
Suicide and alcohol use disorders are primary determinants of health disparity among Alaska Native people in contrast to the US general population. Qungasvik, a Yup'ik word for toolbox, is a strengths-based, multi-level, community/cultural intervention for rural Yup'ik youth ages 12-18. The intervention uses "culture as intervention" to promote reasons for life and sobriety in young people using local expertise, high levels of community direction, and community based staff. The intervention is grounded in local practices and adaptive to local cultural differences distinctive to rural Yup'ik communities. The current study compares the effectiveness of high-intensity intervention in one community (treatment), operationalized as a high number of intervention activities, or modules, implemented and attended by youth, contrasted to a lower intensity intervention in a second community (comparison) that implemented fewer modules. A Yup'ik Indigenous theory of change developed through previous qualitative and quantitative work guides intervention. In the model, direct intervention effects on proximal or intermediate variables constituting protective factors at the individual, family, community, and peer influences levels lead to later change on the ultimate prevention outcome variables of Reasons for Life protective from suicide risk and Reflective Processes about alcohol use consequences protective from alcohol risk. Mixed effects regression models contrasted treatment and comparison arms, and identified significant intervention effects on Reasons for Life (d = 0.27, p < .05) but not Reflective Processes.
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“In a recent comparative effectiveness study, researchers found that this intervention shows promise in lowering suicide risks (Allen, Rasmus, Fok, Henry, and Qungasvik Team (2017).”
From Growing from Our Roots: Strategies for Developing Culturally Grounded Health Promotion Interventions in American Indian, Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian Communities (2020) · cites this paper as Allen, Rasmus, Fok, Henry, and Qungasvik Team (2017)
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Metadata
- Authors
- Qungasvik Team, Allen, J., Rasmus, S. M., Fok, C. C. T., Charles, B., & Henry, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- University of Alaska Fairbanks (US)
- University of Illinois Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- Allen, James
- Venue
- Prevention Science
- Published
- 2017-08-07
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 174-185
- ISSN
- 1389-4986 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6695
- PMC
- PMC5803385
- OpenAlex
- W2742519560
- Cited by
- 102
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 7.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Prevention Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (R24MD001626)
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA023754)
- National Institute for General Medical Services (P20RR061430)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Indigenous Health, Education, and Rights
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Keywords
- suicide prevention, alcohol prevention, Alaska Native youth, Yup'ik, multilevel interventions, treatment intensity, reflective processes, protective factors, community-based prevention, health disparities, rural indigenous communities
- MeSH terms
- Underage Drinking, Alaska Natives, Alaskan Natives, Suicide Prevention, Adolescent, Alaska, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Community Networks, Community-Based Participatory Research
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