The DOI matches its Crossref record; 25 of the 26 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The philosophical novelty of computer simulation methods
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“epistemic injustice related to AI is a growing concern.”
From A taxonomy of epistemic injustice in the context of AI and the case for generative hermeneutical erasure (2025) · cites this paper as [20]
In the citing paper
“The opacity of the process [20] leading to the outcome makes the assessment of the truthfulness of the outcome uncertain.”
From A taxonomy of epistemic injustice in the context of AI and the case for generative hermeneutical erasure (2025) · cites this paper as [20]
Citations
Cites
Fraassen, B. C. V. (1980) · doi:10.1093/0198244274.001.0001 · Cited by 4,682
Objective Knowledge, an Evolutionary Approach.
Ruja, H., & Popper, K. R. (1973) · Philosophy and Phenomenological Research · doi:10.2307/2106696 · Cited by 3,782
Demopoulos, W., & van Fraassen, B. C. (1982) · The Philosophical Review · doi:10.2307/2184804 · Cited by 3,317
Rudolf, R. (1998) · Felix Meiner Verlag eBooks · doi:10.28937/978-3-7873-2358-6 · Cited by 1,073
Leftow, B., & The Society of Christian Philosophers (1996) · Faith and Philosophy · doi:10.5840/faithphil19961323 · Cited by 765
On proof and progress in mathematics
Thurston, W. P. H. (1994) · Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society · doi:10.1090/s0273-0979-1994-00502-6 · Cited by 655
Quantum Computer Science: An Introduction
Mermin, N. D. (2007) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511813870 · Cited by 592
Humphreys, P. W. (2004) · doi:10.1093/0195158709.001.0001 · Cited by 559
Self-citationExtending ourselves: computational science, empiricism, and scientific method
(2005) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.43-0272 · Cited by 487
van Fraassen, B. C. (2017) · Yale University Press eBooks · doi:10.12987/9780300127966 · Cited by 377
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 26 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Bedau M. (1997) Weak emergence. Philosophical Perspectives 11: 375–399
- Costas, H.-A. (forthcoming). Review of Humphreys [2004], Mind.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 362
In Which Ways Is Machine Learning Opaque?
Beisbart, C. (2025) · Synthese Library/Synthese library · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-03083-2_1 · Cited by 3
Can generative artificial intelligence be considered a cognitive subject? An analytic analysis
Gouveia, S. S., & Wang, Y. (2026) · AI & Society · doi:10.1007/s00146-026-02924-y · Cited by 2
Simulation as a sustainable trading zone: aiming at intergenerational justice
Пронских, В. С. (2020) · SIMULATION · doi:10.1177/0037549720944504 · Cited by 2
Fonseca, F. (2021) · AI & Society · doi:10.1007/s00146-021-01150-y · Cited by 2
Dealing with Molecular Complexity. Atomistic Computer Simulations and Scientific Explanation
Schweer, J., & Elstner, M. (2023) · Perspectives on Science · doi:10.1162/posc_a_00594 · Cited by 2
Gesmann-Nuissl, D., & Meyer, S. (2023) · The International library of ethics, law and technology · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-34804-4_4 · Cited by 2
Doing Research on Simulation Sciences? Questioning Methodologies and Disciplinarities
Gehring, P. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-55762-5_2 · Cited by 2
Iteration Unleashed. Computer Technology in Science
Lenhard, J. (2015) · Philosophy of engineering and technology · doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9762-7_6 · Cited by 2
The epistemic representation: visual production and communication of scientific knowledge.
López-Cantos, F. (2015) · Multidisciplinary Journal for Education Social and Technological Sciences · doi:10.4995/muse.2015.2226 · Cited by 2
Bozkurt, I., & Padilla, J. J. (2013) · International Journal of Agent Technologies and Systems · doi:10.4018/jats.2013010101 · Cited by 2
Computational models and information theory
Camardi, G. (2012) · Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1080/0952813x.2012.693667 · Cited by 2
Learning from large-scale neural simulations
Şerban, M. (2017) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2017.05.004 · Cited by 2
Bias ex silico: observations on simulationist's regress
Tolk, A. (2017) · Annual Simulation Symposium (ANSS) · doi:10.5555/3106388.3106403 · Cited by 2
Imbert, C. (2019) · Simulation foundations, methods and applications · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-70766-2_43 · Cited by 2
Proofs and Cross-Validations: Three Lessons for Financial Data Science
Simonian, J. (2019) · The Journal of Financial Data Science · doi:10.3905/jfds.2019.1.009 · Cited by 2
Whether or when: The question on the use of theories in data science
Fonseca, F. (2021) · Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology · doi:10.1002/asi.24537 · Cited by 2
Ethical Foundations: Medical Ethics and Data Ethics
Rubeis, G. (2024) · The International library of ethics, law and technology · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-55744-6_4 · Cited by 2
Muhr, P. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-68058-8_13 · Cited by 2
Verlässlichkeit und Vertrauenswürdigkeit von Computersimulationen
Lampe, H., & Kaminski, A. (2019) · J.B. Metzler eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-476-05604-7_60 · Cited by 2
Gamification Approach to the Creation of Virtual Laboratory Works and Educational Courses.
Сусь, Б. Б., Tmienova, N., Revenchuk, I., Bauzha, O. S., & Stirenko, S. (2020) · International Conference on Software Testing, Verification, and Validation · Cited by 2
Pragmatic constructions : simulation and the vulnerability of technological cultures
Kouw, M. (2012) · doi:10.26481/dis.20121220mk · Cited by 2
Pouraghaei, N. (2016) · ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) · Cited by 2
Mental evolution: a review of Daniel Dennett’s From Bacteria to Bach and Back
Rathkopf, C. A. (2017) · Biology & Philosophy · doi:10.1007/s10539-017-9586-y · Cited by 2
Müller, V. C. (2025) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781394238651.ch6 · Cited by 4
On Big Data: How should we make sense of them?
Mazzocchi, F. (2020) · Mètode: Revista de difusió de la investigació de la Universitat de Valencia · doi:10.7203/metode.11.15258 · Cited by 1
Berenstain, N. (2020) · Erkenntnis · doi:10.1007/s10670-020-00312-6 · Cited by 1
Kontingenz und Interesse: Auf der Suche nach einer Epistemologie der Transformation
Wieser, B. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-38609-2_5 · Cited by 2
Subotić, V. (2024) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-024-04514-1 · Cited by 2
Künstliche Intelligenz in der Zukunftsforschung
Zweck, A., & Werner, T. (2024) · Digitale Soziologie · doi:10.14361/9783839474112-008 · Cited by 1
Two Approaches to Developing Human-Like Artificial Mathematical Intelligence
Pantsar, M. (2025) · Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-99654-2_9 · Cited by 1
Epistemic Opacity and Scientific Realism and Anti-Realism
Casey, J. (2025) · Synthese Library/Synthese library · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-03083-2_3 · Cited by 1
How I Stopped Worrying and Learned to Love Opacity
Formánek, N. (2025) · Synthese Library/Synthese library · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-03083-2_2 · Cited by 1
Challenges for Computational Reliabilism in AI and Other Computational Methods
Alvarado, R. (2025) · Synthese Library/Synthese library · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-03083-2_5 · Cited by 3
Trustworthy computation in engineer’s equation-based simulations
Ferestade, I., & Fillion, N. (2025) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-025-05397-6 · Cited by 1
Westerblad, O. (2026) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-025-05422-8 · Cited by 1
Parviainen, J., Teräsahde, S., Kuusipalo, P., Koski, A., & Rantala, J. (2026) · AI & Society · doi:10.1007/s00146-026-03157-9 · Cited by 1
Artificial Intelligence & Human Rights Law: A Thematic Synthesis Review
Prifti, K., Hoppenbrouwers, J., de Leeuw, E., Quintavalla, A., & Temperman, J. (2026) · Minds and Machines · doi:10.1007/s11023-026-09793-w · Cited by 1
Grey is the new black: entrepreneurial agency and transparency of artificial intelligence
Ghadafi, E., Dilaver, Ö., Cheng, Y., Çubukçu, A., Ul‐Durar, S., & Damij, N. (2026) · International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research · doi:10.1108/ijebr-12-2024-1498 · Cited by 1
Technomathematical Models in the Social Sciences
Echeverría, J. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-3030-4_24 · Cited by 1
Stettiner, O. (2015) · Synthese Library/Synthese library · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-23291-1_9 · Cited by 1
McCarty, W. (2014) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9781137337016_19 · Cited by 1
Lenhard, J. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190873288.003.0003 · Cited by 1
Computational Science and Its Effects
Humphreys, P. (2019) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780199334872.003.0003 · Cited by 1
Self-citationWhatever Happened to the Logic of Discovery? From Transparent Logic to Alien Reasoning
Nickles, T. (2022) · Synthese Library/Synthese library · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-01315-7_5 · Cited by 1
Models, Algorithms, and the Subjects of Transparency
Greif, H. (2022) · Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-09153-7_3 · Cited by 3
Deep Learning-Aided Research and the Aim-of-Science Controversy
Onishi, Y. (2024) · Journal for General Philosophy of Science · doi:10.1007/s10838-023-09667-0 · Cited by 1
Durán, J. M. (2024) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781003205647-14 · Cited by 1
Redressing the Balance: A Yin-Yang Perspective on Information Technology
Hinsen, K. (2024) · ACM SIGPLAN International Symposium on New Ideas, New Paradigms, and Reflections on Programming and Software (Onward!) · doi:10.1145/3689492.3689808 · Cited by 1
Three Strategies for Salvaging Explanatory Value in Deep Neural Network Modeling
Verreault-Julien, P. (2025) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781003342816-13 · Cited by 1
“Foundation models for research: A matter of trust?”
Bruynseels, K., Asveld, L., & van den Hoven, J. (2025) · Artificial Intelligence in the Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ailsci.2025.100126 · Cited by 5
Schembera, B. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-55762-5_5 · Cited by 1
Smithies, J. (2017) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/978-1-137-49944-8_6 · Cited by 1
The Challenge of the Digital Humanities
Smithies, J. (2017) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/978-1-137-49944-8_1 · Cited by 1
Politics and Epistemology of Big Data: A Critical Assessment
Numerico, T. (2019) · Philosophical studies series · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-01800-9_8 · Cited by 1
Towards a framework building for social systems modelling
Aubad, A., & Alberto, G. (2017) · Cited by 1
Is There Anything Special About the Ignorance Involved in Big Data Practices?
Martínez-Ordaz, M. D. R. (2012) · Philosophical studies series · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-75267-5_4 · Cited by 1
Barevičiūtė, J. K., & Asakavičiūtė, V. (2022) · Filosofija Sociologija · doi:10.6001/fil-soc.v33i3.4769 · Cited by 1
Multi-objective analysis of computational modelsPreprint
Doncieux, S., Liénard, J., Girard, B., Hamdaouı, M., & Chaskalovic, J. (2011) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.13140/rg.2.1.2223.4086 · Cited by 1
Rahman, S., Redmond, J., & Clerbout, N. (2016) · HAL · Cited by 1
The Uniformed Military Modeling and Simulation Professional
Darken, R. P., & Blais, C. L. (2017) · doi:10.1002/9781119288091.ch8 · Cited by 1
On the Epistemology of Computer Simulations
van der Grient, L. (2011) · Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) · Cited by 1
Explanation in Quantum Chemistry
Seck, C. (2015) · European studies in philosophy of science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-23015-3_18
Modelos, idealizaciones: una crítica del ficcionalismo
Cassini, A. (2013) · Principia an international journal of epistemology · doi:10.5007/1808-1711.2013v17n3p345
CHAPTER 2. GIS and SOM Application in Different Scientific Areas
Viaggiu, I. (2013)
Immersed in Immersion: Simulation as Technology and Theory of Mind
Elias, J. Z. (2012) · Intelligent systems reference library · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-31140-6_12
Lenzen, M. (2016) · Journal of Science Humanities and Arts - JOSHA · doi:10.17160/josha.3.4.211
Eric Winsberg y la epistemología de las simulaciones computacionales
Durán, J. M. (2017) · Argumentos de razón técnica: Revista española de ciencia, tecnología y sociedad, y filosofía de la tecnología · doi:10.12795/argumentos/2017.i20.05
Simulations, explication, compréhension : essai d’analyse critique
Imbert, C. (2017) · Philosophia Scientae · doi:10.4000/philosophiascientiae.1302
Validation, Holism, and the Limits of Analysis
Lenhard, J. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190873288.003.0008
A New Type of Mathematical Modeling
Lenhard, J. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190873288.003.0006
Lenhard, J. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190873288.003.0009
The changing face of scientific practice – seeing things virtually
Pompe-Alama, U. (2019) · Advanced Optical Technologies · doi:10.1515/aot-2018-0066
Lenhard, J. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190873288.003.0007
Lenhard, J. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190873288.003.0002
Understanding Simulation Validation—The Hermeneutic Perspective
Saam, N. J. (2019) · Simulation foundations, methods and applications · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-70766-2_9
What is a Computer Simulation and What does this Mean for Simulation Validation?
Beisbart, C. (2019) · Simulation foundations, methods and applications · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-70766-2_37
Mateo, J. L. G. (2019) · Argumentos de razón técnica: Revista española de ciencia, tecnología y sociedad, y filosofía de la tecnología · doi:10.12795/argumentos/2019.i22.04
Degrees of Epistemic OpacityPreprint
Pedro, I. S. (2020) · PhilSci-Archive (University of Pittsburgh)
Physics and Mathematics university students’ ideas about computer simulations
Barelli, E. (2021) · Journal of Physics Conference Series · doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1929/1/012059
Framework for Integrated Multi-Scale CFD Simulations in Architectural Design
Kalua, A. (2021) · VTechWorks (Virginia Tech)
Abandoning the search of the ultimate truth. Strategy shifts in modern physics
Neuman, P. (2021) · Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem · doi:10.15476/elte.2020.187
3D-VISUALIZATION OF MACROMOLECULES IN BIOINFORMATICS:
Волошин, М. Ю. (2021) · ΠΡΑΞΗMΑ Journal of Visual Semiotics · doi:10.23951/2312-7899-2021-4-12-35
Manzo, G. (2022) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119704492.biblio
İnce, S. (2022) · Annales de la Faculté de Droit d’Istanbul · doi:10.26650/annales.2022.71.0002 · Cited by 1
Kulturen der Prognostik. Epistemische und autoritäre Formen der Regierung von Zukunft
Vormbusch, U. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-34772-7_2
A Simulation-Based View on Mesopotamian Computational Practices
Ossendrijver, M. (2021) · Claroscuro · doi:10.35305/cl.vi20.66
Lenhard, J. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190873288.003.0005
Resch, M., Kaminski, A., & Gehring, P. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-55762-5_1
Formánek, N. (2018) · Philosophy of engineering and technology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-91029-1_7
Lenhard, J. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190873288.003.0001
Lenhard, J. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190873288.003.0004
Quantum Chemistry in Historical Perspective
Kampouridis, S., Simões, A. M. N., & Arabatzis, T. (2022) · Synthese Library/Synthese library · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98373-4_1
(2022) · The MIT Press eBooks · doi:10.7551/mitpress/14667.003.0011
Alvarado, R. (2023) · Synthese Library/Synthese library · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-38647-3_6
Alvarado, R. (2023) · Synthese Library/Synthese library · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-38647-3_3
Introduction: Instruments of Futures Past
Alvarado, R. (2023) · Synthese Library/Synthese library · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-38647-3_1
The Via Negativa: Computer Simulations as Distinct
Alvarado, R. (2023) · Synthese Library/Synthese library · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-38647-3_4
Implications of the Instruments View of Computer Simulation
Alvarado, R. (2023) · Synthese Library/Synthese library · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-38647-3_7
Alvarado, R. (2023) · Synthese Library/Synthese library · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-38647-3_8
Metadata
- Authors
- Humphreys, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Virginia (US)
- Corresponding author
- Humphreys, Paul
- Venue
- Synthese
- Published
- 2008-11-28
- Volume
- 169
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 615-626
- ISSN
- 0039-7857 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-0964
- OpenAlex
- W2055250996
- Cited by
- 362
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 46 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 28.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Synthese (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Philosophy of Biology and Scientific Explanation
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Logic and Philosophy of Science
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation
- Keywords
- computer simulation, scientific computing, scientific method, philosophy of science, epistemology of simulation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review