Cited by 261Osteoarthritis Treatment and MechanismsProteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans researchProtease and Inhibitor Mechanisms

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 61 of the 63 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Nitric oxide and inflammatory mediators in the perpetuation of osteoarthritis

Abramson, Steven B., Attur, Mukundan, Amin, Ashok R., Clancy, Robert·2001·Current Rheumatology Reports

DOI 10.1007/s11926-001-0069-3

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Articular chondrocyte production of nitric oxide (NO) and other inflammatory mediators, such as eicosanoids and cytokines, are increased in human osteoarthritis. The excessive production of nitric oxide inhibits matrix synthesis and promotes its degradation. Furthermore, by reacting with oxidants such as superoxide anion, nitric oxide promotes cellular injury and renders the chondrocyte susceptible to cytokine-induced apoptosis. PGE(2) exerts anabolic and catabolic effects on chondrocytes, depending on the microenvironment and physiologic condition. The increased expression of inducible NOS (iNOS) and cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) in OA chondrocytes is largely due to the increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly IL-1, which act in an autocrine/paracrine fashion to perpetuate a catabolic state that leads to progressive destruction of articular cartilage. The initiating factors for the production of inflammatory mediators include altered biomechanical forces; their continued production may be augmented by an increase in extracellular matrix proteins acting through ligation of surface integrins.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1007/s11926-001-0069-3

Cites

61 of 61 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Biochemistry of nitric oxide and its redox-activated forms
Stamler, J. S., Singel, D. J., & Loscalzo, J. (1992) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1281928 · Cited by 2,744
The chemistry of peroxynitrite: A product from the reaction of nitric oxide with superoxide
Pryor, W. A., & Squadrito, G. L. (1995) · American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajplung.1995.268.5.l699 · Cited by 1,511
Long-term effects of glucosamine sulphate on osteoarthritis progression: a randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Reginster, J., Deroisy, R., Rovati, L. C., Lee, R. L., Lejeune, E., Bruyère, O., Giacovelli, G., Henrotin, Y. E., Dacre, J. E., & Gosset, C. (2001) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)03610-2 · Cited by 1,233
Vasorelaxant properties of the endothelium-derived relaxing factor more closely resemble S-nitrosocysteine than nitric oxide
Myers, P. R., Minor, R. L., Guerra, R., Bates, J. N., & Harrison, D. G. (1990) · Nature · doi:10.1038/345161a0 · Cited by 973
Inducible nitric oxide synthase: what difference does it make?
Nathan, C. F. (1997) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci119782 · Cited by 935
Glucosamine therapy for treating osteoarthritis
Towheed, T., Maxwell, L. J., Anastassiades, T., Shea, B., Houpt, J., Welch, V. A., Hochberg, M. C., & Wells, G. A. (2005) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd002946.pub2 · Cited by 688
Nitric oxide, an endothelial cell relaxation factor, inhibits neutrophil superoxide anion production via a direct action on the NADPH oxidase.
Clancy, R. M., Leszczynska-Piziak, J., & Abramson, S. B. (1992) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci115929 · Cited by 686
Self-citation
Nitric oxide and bone
Van'T Hof, R. J., & Ralston, S. H. (2001) · Immunology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.2001.01261.x · Cited by 518
Determining minimally important changes in generic and disease-specific health-related quality of life questionnaires in clinical trials of rheumatoid arthritis
Kosinski, M. R., Zhao, S. Z., Dedhiya, S. D., Osterhaus, J. T., & Ware, J. E. (2000) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/1529-0131(200007)43:7 · Cited by 502
Linkage of chondrocyte apoptosis and cartilage degradation in human osteoarthritis
Hashimoto, S., Ochs, R., Komiya, S., & Lotz, M. (1998) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/1529-0131(199809)41:9 · Cited by 500
A novel mechanism of action of tetracyclines: Effects on nitric oxide synthases
Amin, A. R., Attur, M. G., Thakker, G. D., Patel, P. D., Vyas, P., Patel, R. N., Patel, I. R., & Abramson, S. B. (1996) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.93.24.14014 · Cited by 474
Self-citation
Nitrovasodilators, Low-Dose Aspirin, Other Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs, and the Risk of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Lanas, Á., Bajador, E., Serrano, P., Fuentes, J., Carreño, S., Guárdia, J. L., Sanz, M., Montoro, M. A., & Sainz, R. L. (2000) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200009213431202 · Cited by 404
Nitric oxide production and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in inflammatory arthritides.
Sakurai, H., Kohsaka, H., Liu, M. F., Higashiyama, H., Hirata, Y., Kanno, K., Saito, I., & Miyasaka, N. (1995) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci118292 · Cited by 388
Superinduction of cyclooxygenase-2 activity in human osteoarthritis-affected cartilage. Influence of nitric oxide.
Amin, A. R., Attur, M. G., Patel, R. N., Thakker, G. D., Marshall, P. J., Rediske, J. J., Stuchin, S. A., Patel, I. R., & Abramson, S. B. (1997) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci119280 · Cited by 385
Self-citation
15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2 induces synoviocyte apoptosis and suppresses adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats
Kawahito, Y., Kondo, M., Tsubouchi, Y., Hashiramoto, A., Bishop‐Bailey, D., Inoue, K., Kohno, M., Yamada, R., Hla, T., & Sano, H. (2000) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci9652 · Cited by 374
Nitric-Oxide Mediates Suppression of Cartilage Proteoglycan Synthesis by Interleukin-1
Taşkıran, D., Stefanović-Račić, M., Georgescu, H. I., & Evans, C. H. (1994) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1006/bbrc.1994.1426 · Cited by 369
Nitrosative Stress: Activation of the Transcription Factor OxyR
Hausladen, A., Privalle, C. T., Keng, T., DeAngelo, J., & Stamler, J. S. (1996) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80147-6 · Cited by 359
Nitric oxide in excitable tissues: physiological roles and disease.
Christopherson, K. S., & Bredt, D. S. (1997) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci119783 · Cited by 313
The mode of action of aspirin-like drugs: effect on inducible nitric oxide synthase.
Amin, A. R., Vyas, P., Attur, M. G., Leszczynska-Piziak, J., Patel, I. R., Weissmann, G., & Abramson, S. B. (1995) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.92.17.7926 · Cited by 309
Self-citation
Nitric oxide and arthritis
Stefanović-Račić, M., Stadler, J., & Evans, C. H. (1993) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780360803 · Cited by 286
The expression and regulation of nitric oxide synthase in human osteoarthritis-affected chondrocytes: evidence for up-regulated neuronal nitric oxide synthase.
Amin, A. R., Cesare, P. E. D., Vyas, P., Attur, M. G., Tzeng, E., Billiar, T. R., Stuchin, S. A., & Abramson, S. B. (1995) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.182.6.2097 · Cited by 253
Self-citation
Human cartilage gp‐39+,CD16+ monocytes in peripheral blood and synovium: Correlation with joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis
Baeten, D., Boots, A. M. H., Steenbakkers, P. G. A., Elewaut, D. S., Bos, E. S., Verheijden, G. F. M., Verbruggen, G., Miltenburg, A. M. M., Rijnders, A. W. M., VEYS, E. M., et al. (2000) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/1529-0131(200006)43:6 · Cited by 198
N -Acetylglucosamine Prevents IL-1β-Mediated Activation of Human Chondrocytes
Shikhman, A. R., Kühn, K., Alaaeddine, N., & Lotz, M. (2001) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.166.8.5155 · Cited by 194
THE ROLE OF NITRIC OXIDE IN ARTICULAR CARTILAGE DAMAGE
Lotz, M. (1999) · Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0889-857x(05)70067-3 · Cited by 170
The effects of static and intermittent compression on nitric oxide production in articular cartilage explants
Fermor, B., Weinberg, J. B., Pisetsky, D. S., Misukonis, M. A., Banes, A. J., & Guilak, F. (2001) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1016/s0736-0266(00)00049-8 · Cited by 169
Selective inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase in experimental osteoarthritis is associated with reduction in tissue levels of catabolic factors.
Pelletier, J., Lascau-Coman, V., Jovanović, D., Fernandes, J. C., Manning, P. T., Connor, J. R., Currie, M. G., & Martel‐Pelletier, J. (1999) · PubMed · Cited by 159
Requirement of the inducible nitric oxide synthase pathway for IL-1-induced osteoclastic bone resorption
Hof, R. V., Armour, K. J., Smith, L. M., Armour, K. E., Wei, X., Liew, F. Y., & Ralston, S. H. (2000) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.130511497 · Cited by 158
Increased nitric oxide production accompanied by the up‐regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase in vascular endothelium from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Belmont, M. H., Levartovsky, D., Goel, A., Amin, A. R., Giorno, R. C., Rediske, J. J., Skovron, M. L., & Abramson, S. B. (1997) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780401013 · Cited by 153
Self-citation
Autocrine production of IL-1 beta by human osteoarthritis-affected cartilage and differential regulation of endogenous nitric oxide, IL-6, prostaglandin E2, and IL-8.
Attur, M. G., Patel, I. R., Patel, R. N., Abramson, S. B., & Amin, A. R. (1998) · PubMed · Cited by 150
Self-citation
Fibronectin-fragment-induced cartilage chondrolysis is associated with release of catabolic cytokines
Homandberg, G. A., Hui, F., Wen, C., Purple, C. R., Bewsey, K. E., Koepp, H. E., Huch, K., & Harris, A. I. (1997) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj3210751 · Cited by 140
Selective Inhibition of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Exacerbates Erosive Joint Disease
McCartney-Francis, N. L., Song, X.-Y., Mizel, D. E., & Wahl, S. M. (2001) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.166.4.2734 · Cited by 139
Reversal of Autocrine and Paracrine Effects of Interleukin 1 (IL-1) in Human Arthritis by Type II IL-1 Decoy Receptor
Attur, M. G., Dave, M. N., Cipolletta, C., Kang, P., Goldring, M. B., Patel, I. R., Abramson, S. B., & Amin, A. R. (2000) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m002721200 · Cited by 126
Self-citation
Signal transduction through chondrocyte integrin receptors induces matrix metalloproteinase synthesis and synergizes with interleukin‐1
Arner, E. C., & Tortorella, M. D. (1995) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780380919 · Cited by 116
Intraarticular injection of fibronectin fragments causes severe depletion of cartilage proteoglycans in vivo.
Homandberg, G. A., Meyers, R., & Williams, J. M. (1993) · PubMed · Cited by 106
Glucosamine therapy for treating osteoarthritis
Towheed, T., Anastassiades, T., Shea, B., Houpt, J. B., Welch, V. A., & Mc, H. (2000) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd002946 · Cited by 104
Nitric oxide is a mediator of apoptosis in the rheumatoid joint
Hof, R. V., Hocking, L. J., Wright, P. K., & Ralston, S. H. (2000) · Lara D. Veeken · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/39.9.1004 · Cited by 102
In vitro release of prostaglandins and leukotrienes from synovial tissue, cartilage, and bone in degenerative joint diseases
Wittenberg, R. H., Willburger, R., Kleemeyer, K. S., & Peskar, B. A. (1993) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780361017 · Cited by 96
Hyaluronan suppressed nitric oxide production in the meniscus and synovium of rabbit osteoarthritis model
Takahashi, K. A., Hashimoto, S., Kubo, T., Hirasawa, Y., Lotz, M., & Amiel, D. (2001) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research® · doi:10.1016/s0736-0266(00)90024-x · Cited by 93
15‐Deoxy‐Δ12,14‐PGJ2, but not troglitazone, modulates IL‐1β effects in human chondrocytes by inhibiting NF‐κB and AP‐1 activation pathways
Boyault, S., Simonin, M.-A., Bianchi, A., Compe, E., Liagre, B., Mainard, D., Bécuwe, P., Dauça, M., Netter, P., Terlain, B. L., et al. (2001) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/s0014-5793(01)02614-x · Cited by 93
Nitric oxide production by superficial and deep articular chondrocytes
Hayashi, T., Abe, E., Yamate, T., Taguchi, Y., & Jasin, H. E. (1997) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780400210 · Cited by 91
Activation of stress-activated protein kinase in osteoarthritic cartilage: evidence for nitric oxide dependence
Clancy, R. M., Rediske, J. J., Koehne, C. F., Stoyanovsky, D. A., Amin, A., Attur, M. G., Iyama, K.-I., & Abramson, S. B. (2001) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1053/joca.2000.0388 · Cited by 91
Self-citation
Glucosamine Inhibits Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthesis
Meininger, C. J., Kelly, K. A., Li, H. Z., Haynes, T. E., & Wu, G. (2000) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.3912 · Cited by 88
Functional Genomic Analysis in Arthritis-Affected Cartilage: Yin-Yang Regulation of Inflammatory Mediators by α5β1 and αVβ3 Integrins
Attur, M. G., Dave, M. N., Clancy, R. M., Patel, I. R., Abramson, S. B., & Amin, A. R. (2000) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.164.5.2684 · Cited by 82
Self-citation
Animal models of arthritis in NOS2-deficient mice
van den Berg, W. B., van de Loo, F., Joosten, L. A. B., & Arntz, O. J. (1999) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1053/joca.1999.0228 · Cited by 80
Regulation of Cytosolic COX-2 and Prostaglandin E2 Production by Nitric Oxide in Activated Murine Macrophages
Patel, R., Attur, M. G., Dave, M. N., Abramson, S. B., & Amin, A. R. (1999) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.162.7.4191 · Cited by 73
Self-citation
Phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase is involved in ruffled border formation in osteoclasts
Nakamura, I., Sasaki, T., Tanaka, S., Takahashi, N., Jimi, E., Kurokawa, T., Kita, Y., Ihara, S., Suda, T., & Fukui, Y. (1997) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4652(199708)172:2 · Cited by 61
Self-citation
Detection of human retrovirus 5 in patients with arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus
Griffiths, D. J., Cooke, S. P., Herv�, C., Rigby, S. P., Mallon, E., Hajeer, A. H., Lock, M., Emery, V. C., Taylor, P. C., Pantelidis, P., et al. (1999) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/1529-0131(199904)42:3 · Cited by 60
Effects of nitric oxide on matrix metalloproteinase-2 production by rheumatoid synovial cells
Hirai, Y., Migita, K., Honda, S., Ueki, Y., Yamasaki, S., Urayama, S., Kamachi, M., Kawakami, A., Ida, H., Kita, M., et al. (2001) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(00)00998-x · Cited by 50
Minocycline inhibits the production of inducible nitric oxide synthase in articular chondrocytes.
Sadowski, T., & Steinmeyer, J. (2001) · PubMed · Cited by 49
Leukotriene B4 and prostaglandin E2-like activity in synovial fluid in osteoarthritis
Atik, O. Ş. (1990) · Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids · doi:10.1016/0952-3278(90)90002-3 · Cited by 49
The effects of orally administered diacerein on cartilage and subchondral bone in an ovine model of osteoarthritis.
Hwa, S. Y., Burkhardt, D., Little, C. B., & Ghosh, P. (2001) · PubMed · Cited by 47
Effects of 5−Lipoxygenase Inhibitors on Interleukin Production by Human Synovial Tissues in Organ Culture: Comparison with Interleukin−1−synthesis Inhibitors
Rainsford, K. D., Ying, C., & Smith, F. (1996) · Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/j.2042-7158.1996.tb05875.x · Cited by 45
Involvement of nitric oxide in chondrocyte cell death in chondro-osteophyte formation
Nishida, K., Doi, T., Matsuo, M., Ishiwari, Y., Tsujigiwa, H., Yoshida, A., Shibahara, M., & Inoue, H. (2001) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1053/joca.2000.0380 · Cited by 29
Mechanical Stress and Nitric Oxide Influence Leukotriene Production in Cartilage
Fermor, B., Haribabu, B., Weinberg, J. B., Pisetsky, D. S., & Guilak, F. (2001) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.5237 · Cited by 26
Short Paper: Leukotrien B4-induced lnterleukin-1β in Synovial Cells from Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Kageyama, Y., Koide, Y., Miyamoto, S., Yoshida, T., & Inoue, T. M. N. (1994) · Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology · doi:10.3109/03009749409103049 · Cited by 16
Nitric oxide donating compounds inhibit HCl-induced gastric mucosal lesions mainly via prostaglandin
Uchida, M., Matsueda, K., Shoda, R., Muraoka, A., & Yamato, S. (2001) · Japanese Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1254/jjp.85.133 · Cited by 14
Antigen-presenting cells containing bacterial peptidoglycan in synovial tissues of rheumatoid arthritis patients coexpress costimulatory molecules and cytokines
Jelaska (2000) · Pure Amsterdam UMC · doi:10.1002/1529-0131(200010)43:10 · Cited by 2
Immunomodulatory effects of anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha therapy on synovium in spondylarthropathy: histologic findings in eight patients from an open-label pilot study
Warrington (2001) · Pure Amsterdam UMC · doi:10.1002/1529-0131(200101)44:1 · Cited by 2
Involvement of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal/gonadal axis and the peripheral nervous system in rheumatoid arthritis: Viewpoint based on a systemic pathogenetic role
Straub, R. H., & Cutolo, M. (2001) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/1529-0131(200103)44:3
Self-citation
Untitled work
Pope (2001) · doi:10.1002/1529-0131(200106)44:6
Self-citation
Untitled work
Santiago (2001) · doi:10.1002/1529-0131(200107)44:7

Research works printed but not linked: 2

Attur MG, Dave M, Stuchin S, et al.: Osteopontin: an intrinsic inhibitor of inflammation in cartilage. Arthritis Rheum 2001, 44:578–584. · DOI · Paper page
PK, Hummel KM, Schedel J, et al.: Expression of osteopontin messenger RNA and protein in rheumatoid arthritis: effects of osteopontin on the release of collagenase 1 from articular chondrocytes and synovial fibroblasts. Arthritis Rheum 2001, 43:15971–1605.

Sorted by citations

Intra-articular hyaluronan (hyaluronic acid) and hylans for the treatment of osteoarthritis: mechanisms of action.
Moreland, L. W. (2003) · Arthritis Research · doi:10.1186/ar623 · Cited by 669
The Role of Cytokines in Cartilage Matrix Degeneration in Osteoarthritis
Goldring, S. R., & Goldring, M. B. (2004) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1097/01.blo.0000144854.66565.8f · Cited by 655
Glucosamine inhibits IL-1β-induced NFκB activation in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes
Largo, R., Alvarez-Soria, M. A., Dı́ez-Ortego, I., Calvo, E., Sánchez‐Pernaute, O., Egido, J., & Herrero‐Beaumont, G. (2003) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1016/s1063-4584(03)00028-1 · Cited by 393
Elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels are associated with local inflammatory findings in patients with osteoarthritis
Pearle, A. D., Scanzello, C. R., George, S., Mandl, L. A., DiCarlo, E. F., Peterson, M., Sculco, T. P., & Crow, M. K. (2007) · Osteoarthritis and Cartilage · doi:10.1016/j.joca.2006.10.010 · Cited by 362
Modulation of Prostaglandin Biosynthesis by Nitric Oxide and Nitric Oxide Donors
Mollace, V., Muscoli, C., Masini, E., Cuzzocrea, S., & Salvemini, D. (2005) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pr.57.2.1 · Cited by 356

See all 261

Authors: Abramson, S. B., Attur, M., Amin, A. R., & Clancy, R.
Affiliations: NYU Langone Health (US)
ORCID: Abramson, Steven B.
Attur, Mukundan
Amin, Ashok R.
Clancy, Robert
Venue: Current Rheumatology Reports
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2001-12
Volume: 3
Issue: 6
Pages: 535-541
ISSN: 1523-3774 (ISSN-L)
1534-6307
DOI: 10.1007/s11926-001-0069-3
OpenAlex: W2081577257
Cited by: 261
References: 63
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 12
FWCI: 1.17
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
www.springer.com/tdm (vor)
Locations: Current Rheumatology Reports (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms
Keywords: osteoarthritis, nitric oxide, articular chondrocytes, inflammatory mediators, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, prostaglandin E2, interleukin-1, inflammatory cytokines, apoptosis, cartilage degeneration, extracellular matrix, integrins, biomechanical forces, autocrine and paracrine signaling
MeSH terms: Cartilage, Articular, Humans, Nitric Oxide, Osteoarthritis, Cytokines, Inflammation Mediators, Nitric Oxide Synthase, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Nitric oxide and inflammatory mediators in the perpetuation of osteoarthritis

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks