Cited by 2,744Nitric Oxide and Endothelin EffectsRedox biology and oxidative stressHemoglobin structure and function

Biochemistry of nitric oxide and its redox-activated forms

Stamler, Jonathan S., Singel, David J., Loscalzo, Joseph·1992·Science

Abstract

Nitric oxide (NO.), a potentially toxic molecule, has been implicated in a wide range of biological functions. Details of its biochemistry, however, remain poorly understood. The broader chemistry of nitrogen monoxide (NO) involves a redox array of species with distinctive properties and reactivities: NO+ (nitrosonium), NO., and NO- (nitroxyl anion). The integration of this chemistry with current perspectives of NO biology illuminates many aspects of NO biochemistry, including the enzymatic mechanism of synthesis, the mode of transport and targeting in biological systems, the means by which its toxicity is mitigated, and the function-regulating interaction with target proteins.

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Crossref · 10.1126/science.1281928

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  • Generation of NO by endothelial nitric oxide synthase plays a crucial role in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis by favorably modulating blood pressure and reducing endothelial dysfunction.

    “While increased iNOS expression leads to the proinflammatory effects of NO, generation of NO by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) plays a crucial role in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis by favorably modulating blood pressure and reducing endothelial dysfunction.”

    From Berries: emerging impact on cardiovascular health (2010) · cites this paper as [66]

  • Nitric oxide formed through activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase has proinflammatory effects, leading to increased vascular permeability, induction of inflammatory cytokines, and formation of peroxynitrite.

    “Nitric oxide (NO), when formed through activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), has proinflammatory effects, leading to increased vascular permeability, induction of inflammatory cytokines, and the formation of peroxynitrite, a strong oxidizing agent.”

    From Berries: emerging impact on cardiovascular health (2010) · cites this paper as [66]

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Authors
Stamler, J. S., Singel, D. J., & Loscalzo, J.
Affiliations
  • Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
  • Harvard University (US)
Venue
Science
Published
1992-12-18
Volume
258
Issue
5090
Pages
1898-1902
ISSN
  • 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
  • 1095-9203
OpenAlex
W2019814232
Cited by
2,744
References
88
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 54 · 2015: 53 · 2014: 72 · 2013: 67 · 2012: 58
FWCI
17.41
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Science (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5r01hl040411-02, 5r01hl043344-04)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL43344, HL-40411)
  • National Center for Research Resources (RRO4870)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Hemoglobin structure and function
Keywords
nitric oxide, nitrosonium, nitric oxide transport, nitric oxide toxicity
MeSH terms
Amino Acid Oxidoreductases, Animals, Arginine, Humans, Nitric Oxide, Oxidation-Reduction, Nitric Oxide Synthase

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