Biochemistry of nitric oxide and its redox-activated forms
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO.), a potentially toxic molecule, has been implicated in a wide range of biological functions. Details of its biochemistry, however, remain poorly understood. The broader chemistry of nitrogen monoxide (NO) involves a redox array of species with distinctive properties and reactivities: NO+ (nitrosonium), NO., and NO- (nitroxyl anion). The integration of this chemistry with current perspectives of NO biology illuminates many aspects of NO biochemistry, including the enzymatic mechanism of synthesis, the mode of transport and targeting in biological systems, the means by which its toxicity is mitigated, and the function-regulating interaction with target proteins.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Generation of NO by endothelial nitric oxide synthase plays a crucial role in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis by favorably modulating blood pressure and reducing endothelial dysfunction.
“While increased iNOS expression leads to the proinflammatory effects of NO, generation of NO by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) plays a crucial role in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis by favorably modulating blood pressure and reducing endothelial dysfunction.”
From Berries: emerging impact on cardiovascular health (2010) · cites this paper as [66]
Nitric oxide formed through activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase has proinflammatory effects, leading to increased vascular permeability, induction of inflammatory cytokines, and formation of peroxynitrite.
“Nitric oxide (NO), when formed through activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), has proinflammatory effects, leading to increased vascular permeability, induction of inflammatory cytokines, and the formation of peroxynitrite, a strong oxidizing agent.”
From Berries: emerging impact on cardiovascular health (2010) · cites this paper as [66]
Cites
Nitric oxide: physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology.
Moncada, S., Palmer, R. M., & Higgs, E. A. (1991) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0031-6997(25)06663-3 · Cited by 15,525 · see citing works
Nitric oxide release accounts for the biological activity of endothelium-derived relaxing factor
Palmer, R. M. J., Ferrige, A. G., & Moncada, S. (1987) · Nature · doi:10.1038/327524a0 · Cited by 10,704 · see citing works
Beckman, J. S., Beckman, T. W., Chen, J., Marshall, P. A., & Freeman, B. A. (1990) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.87.4.1620 · Cited by 7,029 · see citing works
Endothelium-derived relaxing factor produced and released from artery and vein is nitric oxide.
Ignarro, L. J., Buga, G. M., Wood, K. S., Byrns, R. E., & Chaudhuri, G. (1987) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.84.24.9265 · Cited by 5,074 · see citing works
Nitric oxide as a secretory product of mammalian cells
Nathan, C. (1992) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fasebj.6.12.1381691 · Cited by 4,350 · see citing works
Peroxynitrite oxidation of sulfhydryls.
Radí, R., Beckman, J. S., Bush, K., & Freeman, B. Α. (1991) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(20)64313-7 · Cited by 2,499 · see citing works
Cloned and expressed nitric oxide synthase structurally resembles cytochrome P-450 reductase
Bredt, D. S., Hwang, P. M., Glatt, C. E., Lowenstein, C. J., Reed, R. R., & Snyder, S. H. (1991) · Nature · doi:10.1038/351714a0 · Cited by 2,354 · see citing works
Macrophage cytotoxicity: role for L-arginine deiminase and imino nitrogen oxidation to nitrite
Hibbs, J. B., Taintor, R. R., & Vavrin, Z. (1987) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2432665 · Cited by 1,527 · see citing works
Stamler, J. S., Simon, D. I., Osborne, J. A., Mullins, M. E., Jaraki, O., Michel, T. M., Singel, D. J., & Loscalzo, J. (1992) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.89.1.444 · Cited by 1,471 · see citing works
Self-citationNitric oxide circulates in mammalian plasma primarily as an S-nitroso adduct of serum albumin.
Stamler, J. S., Jaraki, O., Osborne, J., Simon, D. I., Keaney, J., Vita, J., Singel, D., Valeri, C. R., & Loscalzo, J. (1992) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.89.16.7674 · Cited by 1,238 · see citing works
Self-citationDNA Deaminating Ability and Genotoxicity of Nitric Oxide and its Progenitors
Wink, D. A., Kasprzak, K. S., Maragos, C. M., Elespuru, R. K., Misra, M., Dunams, T. M., Cebula, T. A., Koch, W. H., Andrews, A. W., Allen, J. S., et al. (1991) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1948068 · Cited by 1,235 · see citing works
Nitric Oxide: First in a New Class of Neurotransmitters
Snyder, S. H. (1992) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1353273 · Cited by 1,004 · see citing works
Myers, P. R., Minor, R. L., Guerra, R., Bates, J. N., & Harrison, D. G. (1990) · Nature · doi:10.1038/345161a0 · Cited by 973 · see citing works
Ignarro, L. J. (1989) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/01.res.65.1.1 · Cited by 964 · see citing works
Formation of N-nitroso compounds: Chemistry, kinetics, and in vivo occurrence
Mirvish, S. S. (1975) · Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/0041-008x(75)90255-0 · Cited by 779 · see citing works
Effect of nitric oxide production on the redox modulatory site of the NMDA receptor-channel complex
Lei, S. Z., Pan, Z., Aggarwal, S. K., Chen, H.-S. V., Hartman, J., Sucher, N. J., & Lipton, S. A. (1992) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/0896-6273(92)90130-6 · Cited by 740 · see citing works
Cytochrome P-450. Multiplicity of isoforms, substrates, and catalytic and regulatory mechanisms
Porter, T. D., & Coon, M. J. (1991) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)92717-1 · Cited by 682 · see citing works
Oxidation of nitrogen-oxides by bound dioxygen in hemoproteins
Doyle, M. P., & Hoekstra, J. W. (1981) · Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/s0162-0134(00)80291-3 · Cited by 643 · see citing works
Nitric oxide synthase is a cytochrome P-450 type hemoprotein
White, K. A., & Marletta, M. A. (1992) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi00144a001 · Cited by 615 · see citing works
Reaction of superoxide with nitric oxide to form peroxonitrite in alkaline aqueous solution
Blough, N. V., & Zafiriou, O. C. (1985) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ic00216a003 · Cited by 525 · see citing works
EPR demonstration of iron-nitrosyl complex formation by cytotoxic activated macrophages
Lancaster, J. R., & Hibbs, J. B. (1990) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.87.3.1223 · Cited by 507 · see citing works
Mammalian Nitric Oxide Synthases
Stuehr, D. J., & Griffith, O. W. (1992) · Advances in enzymology and related areas of molecular biology/Advances in enzymology and related subjects · doi:10.1002/9780470123119.ch8 · Cited by 507 · see citing works
Nitric oxide. A novel signal transduction mechanism for transcellular communication.
Ignarro, L. J. (1990) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/01.hyp.16.5.477 · Cited by 498 · see citing works
Nitric oxide generation from nitroprusside by vascular tissue
Bates, J. N., Baker, M. T., Guerra, R., & Harrison, D. G. (1991) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/0006-2952(91)90406-u · Cited by 461 · see citing works
Brain nitric oxide synthase is a biopterin‐ and flavin‐containing multi‐functional oxido‐reductase
Mayer, B., John, M., Heinzel, B., Werner, E. R., WACHTER, H., Schultz, G., & Böhme, E. (1991) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/0014-5793(91)81031-3 · Cited by 421 · see citing works
Vedia, L. M. Y., McDonald, B. R., Reep, B. R., Brüne, B., Silvio, M. D., Billiar, T. R., & Lapetina, E. G. (1992) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)73985-4 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
McMillan, K., Bredt, D. S., Hirsch, D. B., Snyder, S. H., Clark, J. E., & Masters, B. S. S. (1992) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.89.23.11141 · Cited by 365 · see citing works
Traylor, T. G., & Sharma, V. S. (1992) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi00126a001 · Cited by 354 · see citing works
Inactivation of ribonucleotide reductase by nitric oxide
Lepoivre, M., Fieschi, F., Covès, J., Thelander, L., & Fontecave, M. (1991) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/0006-291x(91)91390-x · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Reactions of nitric oxide coordinated to transition metals
McCleverty, J. A. (1979) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr60317a005 · Cited by 305 · see citing works
Reversible conversion of nitroxyl anion to nitric oxide by superoxide dismutase.
Murphy, M. E., & Sies, H. (1991) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.88.23.10860 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Leone, A., Palmer, R. M. J., Knowles, R. G., Francis, P. L., Ashton, D., & Moncada, S. (1991) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)54352-0 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
Drapier, J., Pellat‐Deceunynck, C., & Henry, Y. A. (1991) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)99204-5 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Reaction of No With O2−. Implications for the Action of Endothelium-Derived Relaxing Factor (EDRF)
Sarán, M., Michel, C., Bors, W., & Czapski, G. (1990) · Free Radical Research Communications · doi:10.3109/10715769009149890 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Pryor, W. A., & Lightsey, J. W. (1981) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.214.4519.435 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Reaction of nitric oxide with heme proteins and model compounds of hemoglobin
Sharma, V. S., Traylor, T. G., Gardiner, R., & Mizukami, H. (1987) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi00387a015 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Kowaluk, E. A., & Fung, H. L. (1990) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3565(25)23068-3 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Doyle, M. P., Mahapatro, S. N., Broene, R. D., & Guy, J. K. (1988) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja00210a047 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Nitromation of amines by stimulated macrophages
Miwa, M., Stuehr, D. J., Marletta, M. A., Wishnok, J. S., & Tannenbaum, S. R. (1987) · Carcinogenesis · doi:10.1093/carcin/8.7.955 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Nitric oxide, a biological effector
Henry, Y. A., Ducrocq, C., Drapier, J., Servent, D., Pellat‐Deceunynck, C., & Guissani, A. (1991) · European Biophysics Journal · doi:10.1007/bf00183275 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Lancaster, J. R., Langrehr, J. M., Bergonia, H. A., Murase, N., Simmons, R. L., & Hoffman, R. A. (1992) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)49865-7 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Stamler, J. S., Simon, D. I., Jaraki, O., Osborne, J. A., Francis, S., Mullins, M. E., Singel, D. J., & Loscalzo, J. (1992) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.89.17.8087 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Self-citationNO•, CO and •OH Endogenous soluble guanylyl cyclase‐activating factors
Schmidt, H. H. H. W. (1992) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/0014-5793(92)80910-9 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Trapping of nitric oxide produced during denitrification by extracellular hemoglobin.
Goretski, J., & Hollocher, T. C. (1988) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)69208-7 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Mülsch, A., Mordvintcev, P. I., Vanin, A. F., & Busse, R. (1991) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/0014-5793(91)81441-a · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Swinehart, J. H. (1967) · Coordination Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0010-8545(00)80220-9 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Electron spin resonance of iron-nitric oxide complexes with amino acids, peptides and proteins
Woolum, J. C., Tiezzi, E., & Commoner, B. (1968) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure · doi:10.1016/0005-2795(68)90204-3 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Fukuto, J. M., Chiang, K., Hszieh, R., Wong, P., & Chaudhuri, G. (1992) · The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3565(25)10384-4 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Formation of Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide Derivative of Hemoglobin in Rats During Shock Syndrome
Westenberger, U., Thanner, S., Ruf, H. H., GERSONDE, K., Sutter, G., & Trentz, O. (1990) · Free Radical Research Communications · doi:10.3109/10715769009109680 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Endothelium‐derived relaxing factor is a nitrosyl iron complex with thiol ligands
Vanin, A. F. (1991) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/0014-5793(91)80894-9 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Electrophilic behavior of coordinated nitric oxide
Bottomley, F. (1978) · Accounts of Chemical Research · doi:10.1021/ar50124a006 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
[38] Stopped-flow, rapid mixing measurements of ligand binding to hemoglobin and red cells
Olson, J. S. (1981) · Methods in enzymology on CD-ROM/Methods in enzymology · doi:10.1016/0076-6879(81)76148-2 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Redox equilibria of the nitrosonium cation and of its nonbonded complexes
Lee, K. Y., Kuchynka, D. J., & Kochi, J. K. (1990) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ic00346a008 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Recent developments in transition metal nitrosyl chemistry
Connelly, N. G. (1972) · Inorganica Chimica Acta Reviews · doi:10.1016/0073-8085(72)80011-1 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Chemical oxidation of N-hydroxyguanidine compounds
Fukuto, J. M., Wallace, G. C., Hszieh, R., & Chaudhuri, G. (1992) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/0006-2952(92)90584-6 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Vedernikov, Y. P., Mordvintcev, P. I., Malenkova, I. V., & Vanin, A. F. (1992) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/0014-2999(92)90386-i · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Bazylinski, D. A., & Hollocher, T. C. (1985) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ic00219a017 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Kim, E. K., & Kochi, J. K. (1991) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja00013a036 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Unraveling the biological significance of nitric oxide.
Marletta, M. A., Tayeh, M. A., & Hevel, J. M. (1990) · PubMed · Cited by 100 · see citing works
ORGANIC THIONITRITES AND RELATED SUBSTANCES. A REVIEW
Ōae, S., & Shinhama, K. (1983) · Organic Preparations and Procedures International · doi:10.1080/00304948309355444 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Ye, R. W., Toro-Suarez, I., Tiedje, J. M., & Averill, B. A. (1991) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)98771-5 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Diffusion Control and Pre-association in Nitrosation, Nitration and Halogenation
Ridd, J. H. (1978) · Advances in physical organic chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0065-3160(08)60085-4 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Schulz, U., & McCalla, D. R. (1969) · Canadian Journal of Chemistry · doi:10.1139/v69-326 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Wade, R. S., & Castro, C. E. (1990) · Chemical Research in Toxicology · doi:10.1021/tx00016a002 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Nitrosation by stimulated macrophages. Inhibitors, enhancers and substrates
Kosaka, H., Wishnok, J. S., Miwa, M., Leaf, C. D., & Tannenbaum, S. R. (1989) · Carcinogenesis · doi:10.1093/carcin/10.3.563 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Sharma, V. S., Isaacson, R. A., John, M. E., Waterman, M. R., & Chevion, M. (1983) · Biochemistry · doi:10.1021/bi00285a026 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Soluble guanylate cyclase activation by nitric oxide and its reversal
Braughler, J. M. (1983) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/0006-2952(83)90581-6 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Catalysis of nitrosyl transfer reactions by a dissimilatory nitrite reductase (cytochrome c,d1).
Kim, C. H., & Hollocher, T. C. (1984) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(17)43321-7 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Reductive nitrosylation of Group VIIIb compounds
Gwost, D., & Caulton, K. G. (1973) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ic50127a030 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
DeMaster, E. G., Shirota, F. N., & Nagasawa, H. T. (1984) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/0006-291x(84)90483-2 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Pulsradiolytische Untersuchung kurzlebiger Zwischenprodukte der NO‐Reduktion in wäßriger Lösung
Grätzel, M., Taniguchi, S., & Henglein, A. (1970) · Berichte der Bunsengesellschaft für physikalische Chemie · doi:10.1002/bbpc.19700741012 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Reversible activation of soluble guanylate cyclase by oxidizing agents
Wu, X.-B., Brüne, B., von Appen, F., & Ullrich, V. (1992) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/0003-9861(92)90139-n · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Bonner, F. T., & Pearsall, K. A. (1982) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ic00135a053 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Stereochemical Control of Valence and Its Application to the Reduction of Coordinated NO and N 2
Enemark, J. H., & Feltham, R. D. (1972) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.69.12.3534 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Pearsall, K. A., & Bonner, F. T. (1982) · Inorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ic00135a054 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Nitric oxide can modify amino acid residues in proteins
Moriguchi, M., Manning, L. R., & Manning, J. M. (1992) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/0006-291x(92)90524-o · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Turk, T., & Hollocher, T. C. (1992) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/s0006-291x(05)80287-6 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Endogenous formation of N-nitroso compounds: a current perspective.
Tannenbaum, S. R. (1987) · PubMed · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Vibrational autodetachment of NO−
Maricq, M. M., Tanguay, N. A., O'Brien, J. C., Rodday, S. M., & Rinden, E. (1989) · The Journal of Chemical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.455915 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Gas-phase ion-molecule reactions of the nitric oxide anion
Rinden, E., Maricq, M. M., & Grabowski, J. J. (1989) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja00186a006 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Structural effects in alkyl nitrite oxidation of human hemoglobin.
Doyle, M. P., PICKERING, R. A., & da Conceição, J. (1984) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(17)43624-6 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Under anaerobic conditions, soluble guanylate cyclase is specifically stimulated by glutathione
Niroomand, F., Rössle, R., Mülsch, A., & Böhme, E. (1989) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/0006-291x(89)91562-3 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Mason, J. (1969) · Journal of the Chemical Society A Inorganic Physical Theoretical · doi:10.1039/j19690001587 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Catalysis of nitrosyl transfer by denitrifying bacteria is facilitated by nitric oxide
Goretski, J., & Hollocher, T. C. (1991) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/0006-291x(91)91650-2 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Braughler, J. M. (1982) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/0006-2952(82)90301-x · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Rate of oxidation reaction of nitrogen monoxide by dissolved oxygen in aqueous solutions.
Eguchi, W., Tanigaki, M., Mutoh, K., & Tsuchiya, H. (1989) · KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU · doi:10.1252/kakoronbunshu.15.1115 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Formation of diazopeptides by nitrogen oxides.
Bc, C., Fernandes, M. H., Br, G., & Latif, F. (1987) · PubMed · Cited by 6 · see citing works
O'Neill, I. K., & Ohshima, H. (1987) · PubMed · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Free Radicals in the Physiological Control of Cell Function
Dröge, W. (2002) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00018.2001 · Cited by 9,855 · see citing works
Nitric Oxide and Peroxynitrite in Health and Disease
Pacher, P., Beckman, J. S., & Liaudet, L. (2007) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00029.2006 · Cited by 6,390 · see citing works
Oxidants, antioxidants, and the degenerative diseases of aging.
Ames, B. N., Shigenaga, M. K., & Hagen, T. M. (1993) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.90.17.7915 · Cited by 5,958 · see citing works
Uttara, B., Singh, A., Zamboni, P., & Mahajan, R. (2009) · Current Neuropharmacology · doi:10.2174/157015909787602823 · Cited by 3,378 · see citing works
Carter, D. C., & Ho, J. X. (1994) · Advances in protein chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0065-3233(08)60640-3 · Cited by 3,184 · see citing works
THE HEME OXYGENASE SYSTEM:A Regulator of Second Messenger Gases
Maines, M. D. (1997) · The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.37.1.517 · Cited by 2,489 · see citing works
Lipton, S. A., Choi, Y.-B., Pan, Z.-H., Lei, S. Z., Chen, H.-S. V., Sucher, N. J., Loscalzo, J., Singel, D. J., & Stamler, J. S. (1993) · Nature · doi:10.1038/364626a0 · Cited by 2,433 · see citing works
Self-citationEndothelial cells in physiology and in the pathophysiology of vascular disorders.
Cines, D. B., Pollak, E. S., Buck, C. A., Loscalzo, J., Zimmerman, G. A., McEver, R. P., Pober, J. S., Wick, T. M., Konkle, B. A., Schwartz, B. S., et al. (1998) · PubMed · doi:10.1182/blood.v91.10.3527 · Cited by 2,244 · see citing works
Self-citationOxidative stress and autophagy: The clash between damage and metabolic needs
Filomeni, G., De Zio, D., & Cecconi, F. (2015) · Cell Death & Differentiation · doi:10.1038/cdd.2014.150 · Cited by 2,195 · see citing works
Superoxide dismutases: Dual roles in controlling ROS damage and regulating ROS signaling
Wang, Y., Branicky, R. S., Noë, A., & Hekimi, S. (2018) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.201708007 · Cited by 2,199 · see citing works
Protein S-nitrosylation: Purview and parameters
Hess, D. T., Matsumoto, A., Kim, S.-O., Marshall, H. E., & Stamler, J. S. (2005) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm1569 · Cited by 2,153 · see citing works
Self-citationOxidative stress as a mediator of apoptosis
Buttke, T. M., & Sandstrom, P. A. (1994) · Immunology Today · doi:10.1016/0167-5699(94)90018-3 · Cited by 2,149 · see citing works
Ren, G., Zhang, L., Zhao, X., Xu, G., Zhang, Y., Roberts, A. I., Zhao, R. C., & Shi, Y. (2008) · Cell Stem Cell · doi:10.1016/j.stem.2007.11.014 · Cited by 2,101 · see citing works
From endoplasmic-reticulum stress to the inflammatory response
Zhang, K., & Kaufman, R. J. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07203 · Cited by 2,010 · see citing works
Soil microorganisms as controllers of atmospheric trace gases (H2, CO, CH4, OCS, N2O, and NO)
Conrad, R. (1996) · Microbiological Reviews · doi:10.1128/mr.60.4.609-640.1996 · Cited by 1,764 · see citing works
Redox signaling: Nitrosylation and related target interactions of nitric oxide
Stamler, J. S. (1994) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(94)90269-0 · Cited by 1,723 · see citing works
Self-citationNitric oxide directly activates calcium-dependent potassium channels in vascular smooth muscle
Bolotina, V. M., Najibi, S., Palacino, J. J., Pagano, P. J., & Cohen, R. A. (1994) · Nature · doi:10.1038/368850a0 · Cited by 1,676 · see citing works
Effects of Cerebral Ischemia in Mice Deficient in Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase
Huang, Z., Huang, P. L., Panahian, N., Dalkara, T., Fishman, M. C., & Moskowitz, M. A. (1994) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7522345 · Cited by 1,562 · see citing works
The chemistry of peroxynitrite: A product from the reaction of nitric oxide with superoxide
Pryor, W. A., & Squadrito, G. L. (1995) · American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajplung.1995.268.5.l699 · Cited by 1,511 · see citing works
Rubbo, H., Radí, R., Trujillo, M., Telleri, R., Kalyanaraman, B., Barnes, S., KIRK, M. C., & Freeman, B. Α. (1994) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)47160-8 · Cited by 1,350 · see citing works
Defense gene induction in tobacco by nitric oxide, cyclic GMP, and cyclic ADP-ribose
Durner, J., Wendehenne, D., & Klessig, D. F. (1998) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.95.17.10328 · Cited by 1,320 · see citing works
Hyperglycemic Pseudohypoxia and Diabetic Complications
Williamson, J. R., Chang, K. C., Frangos, M., Hasan, K. S., Ido, Y., Kawamura, T., Nyengaard, J. R., den Enden, M. V., Kilo, C., & Tilton, R. G. (1993) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.42.6.801 · Cited by 1,092 · see citing works
Physiology of Nitric Oxide in Skeletal Muscle
Stamler, J. S., & Meissner, G. (2001) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.2001.81.1.209 · Cited by 1,080 · see citing works
Self-citationOhshima, H., & Bartsch, H. (1994) · Mutation research. Fundamental and molecular mechanisms of mutagenesis · doi:10.1016/0027-5107(94)90245-3 · Cited by 1,050 · see citing works
Gases as biological messengers: nitric oxide and carbon monoxide in the brain
Dawson, T., & Snyder, S. (1994) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.14-09-05147.1994 · Cited by 1,043 · see citing works
He, C., Liu, D., & Lin, W. (2015) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00125 · Cited by 1,006 · see citing works
Nitric oxide in skeletal muscle
Kobzik, L., Reid, M. B., Bredt, D. S., & Stamler, J. S. (1994) · Nature · doi:10.1038/372546a0 · Cited by 955 · see citing works
Self-citationRadicals and oxidative stress in diabetes
West, I. C. (2000) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1046/j.1464-5491.2000.00259.x · Cited by 913 · see citing works
Nitric oxide in health and disease of the respiratory system
Ricciardolo, F. L. M., Sterk, P. J., Gaston, B., & Folkerts, G. (2004) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00034.2003 · Cited by 903 · see citing works
Tsikas, D. (2006) · Journal of Chromatography B · doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.07.054 · Cited by 897 · see citing works
Nitric Oxide: The Versatility of an Extensive Signal Molecule
Lamattina, L., García‐Mata, C., Graziano, M., & Pagnussat, G. C. (2003) · Annual Review of Plant Biology · doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.54.031902.134752 · Cited by 877 · see citing works
Nitric oxide signalling in plants
Neill, S. J., Desikan, R., & Hancock, J. T. (2003) · New Phytologist · doi:10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00804.x · Cited by 872 · see citing works
Benjamin, I. J., & McMillan, D. R. (1998) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/01.res.83.2.117 · Cited by 840 · see citing works
Inhibition of Viral Replication by Interferon-γ-Induced Nitric Oxide Synthase
Karupiah, G., Xie, Q. W., Buller, R. M. L., Nathan, C., Duarte, C. J., & MacMicking, J. D. (1993) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7690156 · Cited by 810 · see citing works
Formation of reactive nitrogen species during peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of nitrite
van der Vliet, A., Eiserich, J. P., Halliwell, B., & Cross, C. E. (1997) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.272.12.7617 · Cited by 780 · see citing works
Regulation of protein function by S‐glutathiolation in response to oxidative and nitrosative stress
Klatt, P., & Lamas, S. (2000) · European Journal of Biochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01601.x · Cited by 751 · see citing works
The nitric oxide and cGMP signal transduction system: regulation and mechanism of action
Schmidt, H. H. H. W., Lohmann, S. M., & Walter, U. (1993) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research · doi:10.1016/0167-4889(93)90006-b · Cited by 742 · see citing works
Greenlund, L. J. S., Deckwerth, T. L., & Johnson, E. M. (1995) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/0896-6273(95)90287-2 · Cited by 738 · see citing works
Proteomic Identification of S -Nitrosylated Proteins in Arabidopsis
Lindermayr, C., Saalbach, G., & Durner, J. (2005) · PLANT PHYSIOLOGY · doi:10.1104/pp.104.058719 · Cited by 737 · see citing works
Nitric Oxide and Cardiac Function
Kelly, R. A., Balligand, J., & Smith, T. W. (1996) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/01.res.79.3.363 · Cited by 710 · see citing works
The physiology and pathophysiology of nitric oxide in the brain
Guix, F. X., Uribesalgo, I., Coma, M., & Muñoz, F. J. (2005) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2005.06.001 · Cited by 708 · see citing works
The molecular mechanisms of the metabolism and transport of iron in normal and neoplastic cells
Richardson, D. R., & Ponka, P. (1997) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Biomembranes · doi:10.1016/s0304-4157(96)00014-7 · Cited by 706 · see citing works
Induction and Stabilization of IκBα by Nitric Oxide Mediates Inhibition of NF-κB
Peng, H., Libby, P., & Liao, J. K. (1995) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.270.23.14214 · Cited by 703 · see citing works
Metabolic rate depression in animals: transcriptional and translational controls
Storey, K. B., & Storey, J. M. (2004) · Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · doi:10.1017/s1464793103006195 · Cited by 696 · see citing works
Beligni, M. V., & Lamattina, L. (2000) · Planta · doi:10.1007/pl00008128 · Cited by 680 · see citing works
(S)NO Signals: Translocation, Regulation, and a Consensus Motif
Stamler, J. S., Toone, E. J., Lipton, S. A., & Sucher, N. J. (1997) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80310-4 · Cited by 674 · see citing works
Self-citationStructure of the [NiFe] Hydrogenase Active Site: Evidence for Biologically Uncommon Fe Ligands
Volbeda, A., Garcin, E. D., Piras, C., Lacey, A. L. D., Fernández, V. M., Hatchikian, E. C., Frey, M., & Fontecilla-Camps, J. C. (1996) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja962270g · Cited by 670 · see citing works
Inhibition of mitochondrial beta-oxidation as a mechanism of hepatotoxicity
Fromenty, B., & Pessayre, D. (1995) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/0163-7258(95)00012-6 · Cited by 665 · see citing works
Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition and Cerebrovascular Regulation
Iadecola, C., Pelligrino, D. A., Moskowitz, M. A., & Lassen, N. A. (1994) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.1994.25 · Cited by 649 · see citing works
Mechanisms of suppression of macrophage nitric oxide release by transforming growth factor beta.
Yoram Vodovotz, B., Bogdan, C., Paik, J., Xie, Q. W., & Nathan, C. (1993) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.178.2.605 · Cited by 649 · see citing works
Determination of nitrite/nitrate in human biological material by the simple Griess reaction
Guevara, I., Iwanejko, J., Dembinska-Kiec, A., Pankiewicz, J. E., Wanat, A., Anna, P., Leszczynska-Golabek, I., Bartuś, S., Malczewska-Malec, M., & Szczudlik, A. (1998) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/s0009-8981(98)00060-6 · Cited by 647 · see citing works
Synthesis of nitric oxide in CNS glial cells
Murphy, S. P., Simmons, M. L., Agulló, L., Garcı́a, A., Feinstein, D. L., Galea, E., Reis, D. J., Minc‐Golomb, D., & Schwartz, J. P. (1993) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(93)90109-y · Cited by 633 · see citing works
Endogenous nitrogen oxides and bronchodilator S-nitrosothiols in human airways.
Gaston, B. M., Reilly, J., Drazen, J. M., Fackler, J. C., Ramdev, P., Arnelle, D. R., Mullins, M. E., Sugarbaker, D. J., Chee, C., Singel, D. J., et al. (1993) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.90.23.10957 · Cited by 620 · see citing works
Self-citationChemical basis of inflammation-induced carcinogenesis
Ohshima, H., Tatemichi, M., & Sawa, T. (2003) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/s0003-9861(03)00283-2 · Cited by 618 · see citing works
Nitric Oxide Insufficiency, Platelet Activation, and Arterial Thrombosis
Loscalzo, J. (2001) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/hh0801.089861 · Cited by 612 · see citing works
Self-citationA Molecular Web: Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress
Chaudhari, N., Talwar, P., Parimisetty, A., Lefebvre d’Hellencourt, C., & Ravanan, P. (2014) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2014.00213 · Cited by 600 · see citing works
The transferrin receptor: role in health and disease
Ponka, P., & Lok, C. (1999) · The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/s1357-2725(99)00070-9 · Cited by 598 · see citing works
Nitric oxide and its role in the cardiovascular system
Loscalzo, J., & Welch, G. N. (1995) · Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/s0033-0620(05)80001-5 · Cited by 599 · see citing works
Self-citationSpecies Variation in the Mechanisms of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Mediated Immunosuppression
Ren, G., Su, J., Zhang, L., Zhao, X., Ling, W., L'huillie, A., Zhang, J., Lu, Y., Roberts, A. I., Ji, W., et al. (2009) · Stem Cells · doi:10.1002/stem.118 · Cited by 597 · see citing works
Asano, K., Chee, C. B. E., Gaston, B. M., Lilly, C. M., Gerard, C. J., Drazen, J. M., & Stamler, J. S. (1994) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.91.21.10089 · Cited by 586 · see citing works
Self-citationAscorbic Acid Reverses Endothelial Vasomotor Dysfunction in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Levine, G. N., Frei, B., Koulouris, S. N., Gerhard, M. D., Keaney, J. F., & Vita, J. A. (1996) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.93.6.1107 · Cited by 582 · see citing works
Regulation and measurement of oxidative stress in apoptosis
Curtin, J. F., Donovan, M., & Cotter, T. G. (2002) · Journal of Immunological Methods · doi:10.1016/s0022-1759(02)00070-4 · Cited by 581 · see citing works
Michaelis, E. K. (1998) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(97)00055-5 · Cited by 576 · see citing works
Nitric oxide: comparative synthesis and signaling in animal and plant cells
Wendehenne, D., Pugin, A., Klessig, D. F., & Durner, J. (2001) · Trends in Plant Science · doi:10.1016/s1360-1385(01)01893-3 · Cited by 571 · see citing works
Role of nitric oxide in carcinogenesis and tumour progression
Lala, P. K., & Chakraborty, C. (2001) · The Lancet Oncology · doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(00)00256-4 · Cited by 571 · see citing works
New insights into the regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthesis
Morris, S. M., & Billiar, T. R. (1994) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1994.266.6.e829 · Cited by 570 · see citing works
Nutrition and health aspects of free radicals and antioxidants
Aruoma, O. I. (1994) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/0278-6915(94)90011-6 · Cited by 567 · see citing works
Chronic ethanol consumption:from neuroadaptation to neurodegeneration
Fadda, F. (1998) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(98)00032-x · Cited by 564 · see citing works
Reactions between nitric oxide and haemoglobin under physiological conditions
Gow, A. J., & Stamler, J. S. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/34402 · Cited by 562 · see citing works
Self-citationRole of nitric oxide in wound repair
Witte, M. B., & Barbul, A. (2002) · The American Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1016/s0002-9610(02)00815-2 · Cited by 556 · see citing works
Metalloenzymes, Structural Motifs, and Inorganic Models
Karlin, K. D. (1993) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7688141 · Cited by 553 · see citing works
The chemistry of DNA damage from nitric oxide and peroxynitrite
Burney, S., Caulfield, J. L., Niles, J. C., Wishnok, J. S., & Tannenbaum, S. R. (1999) · Mutation research. Fundamental and molecular mechanisms of mutagenesis · doi:10.1016/s0027-5107(99)00006-8 · Cited by 548 · see citing works
NO as a signalling molecule in the nervous system
Esplugues, J. V. (2002) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0704569 · Cited by 547 · see citing works
Dissimilatory Nitrite and Nitric Oxide Reductases
Averill, B. A. (1996) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr950056p · Cited by 545 · see citing works
The antioxidant role of coenzyme Q
Bentinger, M., Brismar, K., & Dallner, G. (2007) · Mitochondrion · doi:10.1016/j.mito.2007.02.006 · Cited by 543 · see citing works
Morse, D., & Choi, A. M. K. (2002) · American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1165/ajrcmb.27.1.4862 · Cited by 535 · see citing works
The dual role of iNOS in cancer
Vannini, F., Kashfi, K., & Nath, N. (2015) · Redox Biology · doi:10.1016/j.redox.2015.08.009 · Cited by 527 · see citing works
Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Implications of Reversible Protein <i>S</i> -Glutathionylation
Mieyal, J. J., Gallogly, M. M., Qanungo, S., Sabens, E. A., & Shelton, M. D. (2008) · Antioxidants & Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2008.2089 · Cited by 523 · see citing works
Barraud, N., Schleheck, D., Klebensberger, J., Webb, J. S., Hassett, D. J., Rice, S. A., & Kjelleberg, S. J. (2009) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.00975-09 · Cited by 515 · see citing works
The role of nitric oxide in inflammatory reactions
Tripathi, P., Tripathi, P., Kashyap, L., & Singh, V. (2007) · FEMS Immunology & Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1574-695x.2007.00329.x · Cited by 513 · see citing works
RetractedNitric oxide regulates basal systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance in healthy humans.
Stamler, J. S., Loh, E., Roddy, M.-A., Currie, K., & Creager, M. A. (1994) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.89.5.2035 · Cited by 512 · see citing works
Self-citationNitric Oxide in the Nervous System
Zhang, J., & Snyder, S. H. (1995) · The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology · doi:10.1146/annurev.pa.35.040195.001241 · Cited by 512 · see citing works
Nitric oxide and iron proteins
Cooper, C. E. (1999) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics · doi:10.1016/s0005-2728(99)00021-3 · Cited by 510 · see citing works
Nitric oxide produced by human B lymphocytes inhibits apoptosis and Epstein-Barr virus reactivation
Mannick, J. B., Asano, K., Izumi, K. M., Kieff, E. D., & Stamler, J. S. (1994) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(94)90005-1 · Cited by 498 · see citing works
Self-citationCayatte, A. J., Palacino, J. J., Horten, K., & Cohen, R. A. (1994) · Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis A Journal of Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/01.atv.14.5.753 · Cited by 491 · see citing works
Akaike, T., Noguchi, Y., Ijiri, S., Setoguchi, K., Suga, M., Zheng, Y., Dietzschold, B., & Maeda, H. (1996) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.93.6.2448 · Cited by 490 · see citing works
Nitric Oxide Donors and Cardiovascular Agents Modulating the Bioactivity of Nitric Oxide
Ignarro, L. J., Claudio Napoli, A., & Loscalzo, J. (2002) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/hh0102.102330 · Cited by 489 · see citing works
Self-citationInhibition of NF- B DNA Binding by Nitric Oxide
Matthews, J. R., Botting, C. H., Panico, M., Morris, H. R., & Hay, R. T. (1996) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/24.12.2236 · Cited by 489 · see citing works
Singel, D. J., & Stamler, J. S. (2005) · Annual Review of Physiology · doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.67.060603.090918 · Cited by 481 · see citing works
Self-citationThe role of nitrite and free nitrous acid (FNA) in wastewater treatment plants
Zhou, Y., Oehmen, A., Lim, M., Vadivelu, V. M., & Ng, W. J. (2011) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2011.06.025 · Cited by 476 · see citing works
Nitric oxide function in plant biology: a redox cue in deconvolution
Yu, M., Lamattina, L., Spoel, S. H., & Loake, G. J. (2014) · New Phytologist · doi:10.1111/nph.12739 · Cited by 468 · see citing works
Méry, P., Pavoine, C., Belhassen, L., Pecker, F., & Fischmeister, R. (1993) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)74313-0 · Cited by 467 · see citing works
Okamoto, T., Akaike, T., Sawa, T., Miyamoto, Y., van der Vliet, A., & Maeda, H. (2001) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m102417200 · Cited by 466 · see citing works
Role of NO Production in NMDA Receptor-Mediated Neurotransmitter Release in Cerebral Cortex
Montague, P. R., Gancayco, C. D., Winn, M. J., Marchase, R. B., & Friedlander, M. J. (1994) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7508638 · Cited by 466 · see citing works
Gerhard, M. D., Roddy, M.-A., Creager, S. J., & Creager, M. A. (1996) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/01.hyp.27.4.849 · Cited by 465 · see citing works
The paradox of nitric oxide in cirrhosis and portal hypertension: Too much, not enough
Wiest, R., & Groszmann, R. J. (2002) · Hepatology · doi:10.1053/jhep.2002.31432 · Cited by 463 · see citing works
Berries: emerging impact on cardiovascular health
Basu, A., Rhone, M., & Lyons, T. J. (2010) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2010.00273.x · Cited by 462 · see citing works
Acute and Chronic Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Exhaled Nitric Oxide
Kharitonov, S. A., Robbins, R. A., Yates, D. H., Keatings, V. M., & Barnes, P. J. (1995) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/ajrccm.152.2.7543345 · Cited by 461 · see citing works
Murphy, M. P. (1999) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics · doi:10.1016/s0005-2728(99)00029-8 · Cited by 455 · see citing works
Formation of Nitrating and Chlorinating Species by Reaction of Nitrite with Hypochlorous Acid
Eiserich, J. P., Cross, C. E., Jones, A. D., Halliwell, B., & van der Vliet, A. (1996) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.271.32.19199 · Cited by 447 · see citing works
- Authors
- Stamler, J. S., Singel, D. J., & Loscalzo, J.
- Affiliations
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1992-12-18
- Volume
- 258
- Issue
- 5090
- Pages
- 1898-1902
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2019814232
- Cited by
- 2,744
- References
- 88
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 54 · 2015: 53 · 2014: 72 · 2013: 67 · 2012: 58
- FWCI
- 17.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01hl040411-02, 5r01hl043344-04)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL43344, HL-40411)
- National Center for Research Resources (RRO4870)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Hemoglobin structure and function
- Keywords
- nitric oxide, nitrosonium, nitric oxide transport, nitric oxide toxicity
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acid Oxidoreductases, Animals, Arginine, Humans, Nitric Oxide, Oxidation-Reduction, Nitric Oxide Synthase
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review