Cited by 191Evolutionary Game Theory and CooperationExperimental Behavioral Economics StudiesViolence, Religion, and Philosophy

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How Do Rituals Affect Cooperation?: An Experimental Field Study Comparing Nine Ritual Types

Fischer, Ronald, Callander, Rohan, Reddish, Paul, Bulbulia, Joseph·2013·Human Nature

DOI 10.1007/s12110-013-9167-y

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Abstract

Collective rituals have long puzzled anthropologists, yet little is known about how rituals affect participants. Our study investigated the effects of nine naturally occurring rituals on prosociality. We operationalized prosociality as (1) attitudes about fellow ritual participants and (2) decisions in a public goods game. The nine rituals varied in levels of synchrony and levels of sacred attribution. We found that rituals with synchronous body movements were more likely to enhance prosocial attitudes. We also found that rituals judged to be sacred were associated with the largest contributions in the public goods game. Path analysis favored a model in which sacred values mediate the effects of synchronous movements on prosocial behaviors. Our analysis offers the first quantitative evidence for the long-standing anthropological conjecture that rituals orchestrate body motions and sacred values to support prosociality. Our analysis, moreover, adds precision to this old conjecture with evidence of a specific mechanism: ritual synchrony increases perceptions of oneness with others, which increases sacred values to intensify prosocial behaviors.

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Authors: Fischer, R., Callander, R., Reddish, P., & Bulbulia, J.
Affiliations: Victoria University of Wellington (NZ)
Masaryk University (CZ)
Corresponding author: Bulbulia, Joseph
ORCID: Fischer, Ronald
Bulbulia, Joseph
Venue: Human Nature
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2013-05-11
Volume: 24
Issue: 2
Pages: 115-125
ISSN: 1045-6767 (ISSN-L)
1936-4776
DOI: 10.1007/s12110-013-9167-y
OpenAlex: W93630498
Cited by: 191
References: 43
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 8
FWCI: 40.26
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Human Nature (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Violence, Religion, and Philosophy
Keywords: collective ritual, prosocial behavior, sacred values, body movement, public goods game, cooperation, prosocial attitudes
MeSH terms: Adult, Ceremonial Behavior, Cooperative Behavior, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, New Zealand, Social Values, Gift Giving, Young Adult

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How Do Rituals Affect Cooperation?: An Experimental Field Study Comparing Nine Ritual Types

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