The value of Bayesian penalized likelihood reconstruction for improving lesion conspicuity of malignant lung tumors on 18F-FDG PET/CT: comparison with ordered subset expectation maximization reconstruction incorporating time-of-flight model and point spread function correction
Open accessAbstract
Objective To evaluate the value of Bayesian penalized likelihood (BPL) reconstruction for improving lesion conspicuity of malignant lung tumors on 18 F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET/CT) as compared with the ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM) reconstruction incorporating time-of-flight (TOF) model and point-spread-function (PSF) correction. Methods Twenty-nine patients with primary or metastatic lung cancers who underwent 18 F-FDG PET/CT were retrospectively studied. PET images were reconstructed with OSEM + TOF, OSEM + TOF + PSF, and BPL with noise penalty strength β-value of 200, 400, 600, and 800. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was determined in normal liver parenchyma. Lung lesion conspicuity was evaluated in 50 lung lesions by using a 4-point scale (0, no visible; 1, poor; 2, good; 3, excellent conspicuity). Two observers were independently asked to choose the most preferred reconstruction for detecting the lung lesions on a per-patient level. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max) was measured in each of the 50 lung lesions. Results Liver SNR on the images reconstructed by BPL with β-value of 600 and 800 (17.8 ± 3.7 and 22.5 ± 4.6, respectively) was significantly higher than that by OSEM + TOF + PSF (15.0 ± 3.4, p < 0.0001). BPL with β-value of 600 was chosen most frequently as the preferred reconstruction algorithm for lung lesion assessment by both observers. The conspicuity score of the lung lesions < 10 mm in diameter on images reconstructed by BPL with β-value of 600 was significantly greater than that with OSEM + TOF + PSF (2.2 ± 0.8 vs 1.6 ± 0.9, p < 0.0001), while the conspicuity score of the lesions ≥ 10 mm in diameter was not significantly different between BPL with β-value of 600 and OSEM + TOF + PSF. The mean SUV max was increased by BPL with β-value of 600 for the lung lesions with < 10 mm in diameter, compared to OSEM + TOF + PSF (3.4 ± 3.1 to 4.2 ± 3.5, p = 0.001). In contrast, BPL with β-value of 600 did not provide increased SUV max for the lesions ≥ 10 mm in diameter. Conclusion BPL reconstruction significantly improves the detection of small inconspicuous malignant tumors in the lung, improving the diagnostic performance of PET/CT.
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Conflicting results were reported by other authors who did not find higher lesion conspicuity or detection rates with PSF in small patient samples.
“Conflicting results were reported by other authors who did not find higher lesion conspicuity or detection rates with PSF in small patient samples [162,164,165].”
From Influences on PET Quantification and Interpretation (2022) · cites this paper as [164]
The Methods passage (page unavailable) describes a small sample of 29 patients. The Results passage reports greater conspicuity for small lesions with BPL than with OSEM + TOF + PSF, but it does not report whether adding PSF improved conspicuity or detection over reconstruction without PSF. That central comparison is therefore not established by our copy. (LLM, conf=0.78)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPL reconstruction has repeatedly been shown to increase conspicuity and detection rates of pulmonary lesions, even compared to OSEM with PSF and/or TOF.
“PL reconstruction has repeatedly been shown to increase conspicuity and detection rates of pulmonary lesions, even compared to OSEM with PSF and/or TOF [112,113,164,173,174].”
From Influences on PET Quantification and Interpretation (2022) · cites this paper as [164]
The Results report greater conspicuity for malignant lung lesions under 10 mm with BPL than with OSEM + TOF + PSF, and the Conclusion says BPL improves detection of small, inconspicuous lung tumors. The Results found no significant conspicuity difference for lesions at least 10 mm, and the copy does not report a measured increase in detection rates. Section labels are present, but page numbers are unavailable. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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- Authors
- Kurita, Y., Ichikawa, Y., Nakanishi, T., Tomita, Y., Hasegawa, D., Murashima, S., Hirano, T., & Sakuma, H.
- Affiliations
- Mie University Hospital (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Ichikawa, Yasutaka
- Venue
- Annals of Nuclear Medicine
- Published
- 2020-02-14
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 272-279
- ISSN
- 0914-7187 (ISSN-L)
- 1864-6433
- OpenAlex
- W3006367772
- Cited by
- 29
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- mie-u.repo.nii.ac.jp
- Licence
- Locations
- Annals of Nuclear Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Radiation Dose and Imaging
- Keywords
- Bayesian penalized likelihood reconstruction, OSEM, 18F-FDG PET, lung cancer, lesion conspicuity, point spread function correction, signal-to-noise ratio, standardized uptake value, image quality, lung metastasis, primary lung tumor, observer preference, lung nodule detection
- MeSH terms
- Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Algorithms, Bayes Theorem, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Lung Neoplasms, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Likelihood Functions, Phantoms, Imaging, Radiopharmaceuticals, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, Signal-To-Noise Ratio, Multimodal Imaging
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