Comparison of Bayesian penalized likelihood reconstruction versus OS-EM for characterization of small pulmonary nodules in oncologic PET/CT

Howard, Brandon A.; Morgan, Rustain; Thorpe, Matthew P.; Turkington, Timothy G.; Oldan, Jorge; James, Olga G.; Borges-Neto, Salvador

doi:10.1007/s12149-017-1192-1

Cited by 70Medical Imaging Techniques and ApplicationsLung Cancer Diagnosis and TreatmentRadiation Dose and Imaging

Comparison of Bayesian penalized likelihood reconstruction versus OS-EM for characterization of small pulmonary nodules in oncologic PET/CT

Howard, Brandon A., Morgan, Rustain, Thorpe, Matthew P., Turkington, Timothy G., Oldan, Jorge, James, Olga G., Borges-Neto, Salvador·2017·Annals of Nuclear Medicine

DOI 10.1007/s12149-017-1192-1

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Abstract

Objective To determine whether the recently introduced Bayesian penalized likelihood PET reconstruction (Q.Clear) increases the visual conspicuity and SUV max of small pulmonary nodules near the PET resolution limit, relative to ordered subset expectation maximization (OS-EM). Methods In this institutional review board-approved and HIPAA-compliant study, 29 FDG PET/CT scans performed on a five-ring GE Discovery IQ were retrospectively selected for pulmonary nodules described in the radiologist's report as "too small to characterize", or small lung nodules in patients at high risk for lung cancer. Thirty-two pulmonary nodules were assessed, with mean CT diameter of 8 mm (range 2-18). PET images were reconstructed with OS-EM and Q.Clear with noise penalty strength β values of 150, 250, and 350. Lesion visual conspicuity was scored by three readers on a 3-point scale, and lesion SUV max and background liver and blood pool SUV mean and SUV stdev were recorded. Comparison was made by linear mixed model with modified Bonferroni post hoc testing; significance cutoff was p Results Q.Clear improved lesion visual conspicuity compared to OS-EM at β = 150 (p max was increased compared to OS-EM at β = 150 and 250 (p Conclusion In a cohort of small pulmonary nodules with size near an 8 mm PET full-width half maximum, Q.Clear significantly increased lesion visual conspicuity and SUV max compared to our standard non- time-of-flight OS-EM reconstruction, but only with low noise penalization.…

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Inter-method SUV differences may no longer be significant at beta values of 300 to 600, which have been rated as optimal for visual reading of [18F]FDG-PET images by human readers.
“However, this difference is directly dependent on the user-defined penalization factor beta during PL reconstruction, and at beta values of 300 to 600, which have been rated as optimal for visual reading of [18F]FDG-PET images by human readers [107,112,113], inter-method SUV differences may no longer be significant [41,108,111].”
From Influences on PET Quantification and Interpretation (2022) · cites this paper as [111]
The PL reconstruction effect has been confirmed by increasing lesion SUVmax compared with TOF and PSF reconstruction, particularly in small pulmonary lesions.
“This has been confirmed by increasing lesion SUVmax compared with TOF and PSF reconstruction, particularly in small pulmonary lesions [110,111].”
From Influences on PET Quantification and Interpretation (2022) · cites this paper as [111]

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Novel penalised likelihood reconstruction of PET in the assessment of histologically verified small pulmonary nodules
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Phantom and clinical assessment of small pulmonary nodules using Q.Clear reconstruction on a silicon-photomultiplier-based time-of-flight PET/CT system
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The Impact of a Bayesian Penalized Likelihood Reconstruction Algorithm on the Evaluation of Indeterminate Pulmonary Nodules by Dual–Time Point 18F-FDG PET/CT
Vieira, T. S., Faria, D. B., Silva, F. D. A., Pimentel, F. L., & de Oliveira, J. P. (2017) · Clinical Nuclear Medicine · doi:10.1097/rlu.0000000000001713 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Authors: Howard, B. A., Morgan, R., Thorpe, M. P., Turkington, T. G., Oldan, J., James, O. G., & Borges-Neto, S.
Affiliations: Duke University (US)
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
Corresponding author: Howard, Brandon A.
ORCID: Morgan, Rustain
Thorpe, Matthew P.
Turkington, Timothy G.
Oldan, Jorge
Venue: Annals of Nuclear Medicine
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2017-07-08
Volume: 31
Issue: 8
Pages: 623-628
ISSN: 0914-7187 (ISSN-L)
1864-6433
DOI: 10.1007/s12149-017-1192-1
OpenAlex: W2731168246
Cited by: 70
References: 19
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 5 · 2012: 1
FWCI: 4.20
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (unspecified)
Locations: Annals of Nuclear Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment
Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Radiation Dose and Imaging
Keywords: Bayesian penalized likelihood reconstruction, Q.Clear, OSEM, small pulmonary nodules, FDG PET/CT, SUVmax, lung cancer screening, time-of-flight PET
MeSH terms: Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Algorithms, Bayes Theorem, Female, Humans, Image Enhancement, Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Male, Middle Aged, Sensitivity and Specificity, Reproducibility of Results, Observer Variation, Likelihood Functions, Multiple Pulmonary Nodules

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Comparison of Bayesian penalized likelihood reconstruction versus OS-EM for characterization of small pulmonary nodules in oncologic PET/CT

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