CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 70Heavy Metal Exposure and ToxicityAutism Spectrum Disorder ResearchTrace Elements in Health

Correlations of Gene Expression with Blood Lead Levels in Children with Autism Compared to Typically Developing Controls

Open access
Tian, Yingfang, Green, Peter G., Stamova, Boryana, Hertz-Picciotto, Irva, Pessah, Isaac N., Hansen, Robin, Yang, Xiaowei, Gregg, Jeffrey P. +4 more·2011·Neurotoxicity Research
DOI 10.1007/s12640-009-9126-xPMC PMC3006638
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine the correlation between gene expression and lead (Pb) levels in blood in children with autism (AU, n = 37) compared to typically developing controls (TD, n = 15). We postulated that, though lead levels did not differ between the groups, AU children might metabolize lead differently compared to TD children. RNA was isolated from blood and processed on Affymetrix microarrays. Separate analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) corrected for age and gender were performed for TD, AU, and all subjects (AU + TD). To reduce false positives, only genes that overlapped these three ANCOVAs were considered. Thus, 48 probe sets correlated with lead levels in both AU and TD subjects and were significantly different between the groups (p(Diagnosis x log₂Pb) < 0.05). These genes were related mainly to immune and inflammatory processes, including MHC Class II family members and CD74. A large number (n = 791) of probe sets correlated (P ≤ 0.05) with lead levels in TD but not in AU subjects; and many probe sets (n = 162) correlated (P ≤ 0.05) with lead levels in AU but not in TD subjects. Only 30 probe sets correlated (P ≤ 0.05) with lead levels in a similar manner in the AU and TD groups. These data show that AU and TD children display different associations between transcript levels and low levels of lead. We postulate that this may relate to the underlying genetic differences between the two groups, though other explanations cannot be excluded.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1007/s12640-009-9126-x

Cites

72 of 72 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Tian, Y., Green, P. G., Stamova, B., Hertz-Picciotto, I., Pessah, I. N., Hansen, R., Yang, X., Gregg, J. P., Ashwood, P., Jickling, G., Van de Water, J., & Sharp, F. R.
Affiliations
University of California, Davis (US)
Corresponding author
Tian, Yingfang
ORCID
Venue
Neurotoxicity Research
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2009-11-17
Volume
19
Issue
1
Pages
1-13
ISSN
  • 1029-8428 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-3524
DOI
10.1007/s12640-009-9126-x
PMC
PMC3006638
OpenAlex
W1986315225
Cited by
70
References
72
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 6
FWCI
3.55
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc
Locations
  • Neurotoxicity Research (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Autism Speaks
  • U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (R-829388, R-833292)
  • National Institutes of Health (R833292, R829388, ES11269)
  • National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (1 P01-ES11269, R01ES015359, P01ES011269)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Trace Elements in Health
Keywords
autism spectrum disorder, blood lead levels, gene expression, lead exposure, children, immune response, inflammation, MHC class II, CD74, transcriptome, neurodevelopmental disorders
MeSH terms
Autistic Disorder, Child Development, Child, Preschool, Environmental Exposure, Female, Humans, Lead, Male, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Gene Regulatory Networks

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review