The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 26 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Chemistry and electrochemistry of hot corrosion of metals
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In the citing paper
“The predominant chemical reactant involved in hot corrosion has been confirmed to be sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), due to its extraordinary stability over a wide range of temperatures and oxygen partial pressures [1, 6, 19].”
From A review on molten sulfate salts induced hot corrosion (2021) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“As with the thin aqueous layer on alloys in atmospheric corrosion, this molten salt layer is a pure ionic conductor which separates the alloys from the gas phase physically [1, 19, 47].”
From A review on molten sulfate salts induced hot corrosion (2021) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“These sulfate salts easily attach onto the surfaces of high temperature components and are melted to form a thin fused salt film at elevated temperatures.”
From A review on molten sulfate salts induced hot corrosion (2021) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“Moreover, S2O7 2is more active than other oxygen species, i.e., O2 and SO4 2- , and is reduced to SO4 2and SO3 - . This half-reaction can be the main reduction reaction [6, 19, 75].”
From A review on molten sulfate salts induced hot corrosion (2021) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“In the O2-SO2-SO3 environment (Eq. (1)), the solubilities of both O2 and SO2 in molten salt are poor. In contrast, SO3 can dissolve in molten salt because of the formation of pyrosulfate ions through Eq. (2) [1, 19].”
From A review on molten sulfate salts induced hot corrosion (2021) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“In the oxidizing environment without SO2 or SO3, several cathodic reactions including the reduction of oxygen and sulfate ions might be involved as shown in Eq. (18-21) [19, 84].”
From A review on molten sulfate salts induced hot corrosion (2021) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“Chromium is widely recognized as a beneficial element to combat the hot corrosion of various alloys [2, 19].”
From A review on molten sulfate salts induced hot corrosion (2021) · cites this paper as [19]
Citations
Cites
Mechanisms for the hot corrosion of nickel-base alloys
Goebel, J. A., Pettit, F. S., & Goward, G. W. (1973) · Metallurgical Transactions · doi:10.1007/bf02649626 · Cited by 420
Na2SO4-induced accelerated oxidation (hot corrosion) of nickel
Goebel, J. A., & Pettit, F. S. (1970) · Metallurgical Transactions · doi:10.1007/bf02642794 · Cited by 284
Whitney Award Lecture—1986: Chemistry and Electrochemistry of the Hot Corrosion of Metals
Rapp, R. A. (1986) · CORROSION · doi:10.5006/1.3583026 · Cited by 189
Self-citationHot Corrosion of High-Temperature Alloys
Stringer, J. (1977) · Annual Review of Materials Science · doi:10.1146/annurev.ms.07.080177.002401 · Cited by 144
The role of sodium in the accelerated oxidation phenomenon termed sulfidation
Bornstein, N. S., & DeCrescente, M. A. (1971) · Metallurgical Transactions · doi:10.1007/bf02813266 · Cited by 139
The Hot Corrosion of Metals by Molten Salts
Rapp, R. A. (1981) · ECS Proceedings Volumes · doi:10.1149/198110.0159pv · Cited by 136
Self-citationFormation and Reactivity Thermodynamics of Sodium Sulfate With Gas Turbine Alloys
DeCrescente, M. A., & Bornstein, N. S. (1968) · CORROSION · doi:10.5006/0010-9312-24.5.127 · Cited by 113
The Solubilities of NiO , Co3 O 4, and Ternary Oxides in Fused Na2 SO 4 at 1200°K
Gupta, D. K., & Rapp, R. A. (1980) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1.2129374 · Cited by 94
Self-citationSolubilities of Cr2 O 3 in Fused Na2 SO 4 at 1200 K
Zhang, Y. S. (1986) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1.2108648 · Cited by 87
Chemical Reactions Involved in the Initiation of Hot Corrosion of IN‐738
FRYBURG, G. C., Kohl, F. J., & STEARNS, C. A. (1984) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1.2115455 · Cited by 78
Solubility of α ‐ Al2 O 3 in Fused Na2 SO 4 at 1200 K
Jose, P. D., Gupta, D. K., & Rapp, R. A. (1985) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1.2113944 · Cited by 58
Self-citationThe Solubility of SiO2 in Fused Na2 SO 4 at 900°C
Shi, D., & Rapp, R. A. (1986) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1.2108692 · Cited by 55
Self-citationNa 2 SO 4 によって誘発されるNiの酸化(高温腐食)速度の増大
Goebel, J. A., & Pettit, F. S. (1970) · Cited by 54
Transport of Oxidant in Molten Na2 SO 4 in O 2 ‐ SO 2 ‐ SO 3 Environments
Shores, D. A., & Fang, W. C. (1981) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1.2127417 · Cited by 54
Solubility of α ‐ Fe2 O 3 in Fused Na2 SO 4 at 1200 K
Zhang, Y. S., & Rapp, R. A. (1985) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1.2113943 · Cited by 52
Self-citationElectrochemical Reactions in a Pure Na2 SO 4 Melt
Fang, W. C., & Rapp, R. A. (1983) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1.2119581 · Cited by 46
Self-citationElectrochemical Reactions in Molten Na2 SO 4 at 900°C
Park, C. O., & Rapp, R. A. (1986) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1.2108981 · Cited by 44
Self-citationUse of Anodic Polarization in Fused Na2SO4 for Estimating Hot Corrosion Rates
Shores, D. A. (1975) · CORROSION · doi:10.5006/0010-9312-31.12.434 · Cited by 38
Deanhardt, M. L., & Stern, K. H. (1981) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1.2127295 · Cited by 35
Acidic and basic fluxing of Ni-base superalloys in a 90Na2SO4-10K2SO4 melt at 1173 K
Wu, W., Rahmel, A., & Schorr, M. (1983) · Oxidation of Metals · doi:10.1007/bf00666645 · Cited by 32
The influence of electrode potential on the corrosion of gas turbine alloys in sulfate melts
Rahmel, A., Schmidt, M. P., & Schorr, M. (1982) · Oxidation of Metals · doi:10.1007/bf00662038 · Cited by 31
Solubilities of α ‐ Fe2 O 3 and Fe3 O 4 in Fused Na2 SO 4 at 1200 K
Zhang, Y. S., & Rapp, R. A. (1985) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1.2113608 · Cited by 30
Self-citationSolubility of Yttrium Oxide in Na2 SO 4 and NaCl Melts
Deanhardt, M. L., & Stern, K. H. (1982) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1.2123480 · Cited by 30
GUPTA, D. K. D., & Rapp, R. A. (1980) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1.2152132 · Cited by 11
Self-citationAccelerated Oxidation (Hot Corrosion) of Alloys by Molten Salt
Kawakami, M., Kazuhiro Sylvester, G. O. T. O., & Rapp, R. A. (1980) · Transactions of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan · doi:10.2355/isijinternational1966.20.646 · Cited by 10
Self-citationInhibition of Hot Corrosion by MgSO4 and BaSO4 and its potential dependence
Wu, W. T., & Rahmel, A. (1984) · Materials and Corrosion · doi:10.1002/maco.19840350402 · Cited by 9
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Bornstein, 1969, Trans. Metall. Soc. AIME, 245, 1947
- Y.S. Zhang and R.A. Rapp, Solubilities of CeO2, HfO2 and Y2O3 in fused Na2SO4−30 m/o NaVO3 and CeO2 in pure Na2SO4 at 900 °C, Corrosion, in the press.
- Rahmel, 1987, Proc. Int. Symp. on High Temperature Corrosion, 85
- Rapp, 1983, 24, 23
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Antunes, R. A., & de Oliveira, M. C. L. (2013) · Corrosion Science · doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2013.07.013 · Cited by 189
A review on molten sulfate salts induced hot corrosion
Hu, S., Finklea, H., & Liu, X. (2021) · Journal of Materials Science & Technology · doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2021.03.013 · Cited by 183
Ishitsuka, T., & Nose, K. (2002) · Corrosion Science · doi:10.1016/s0010-938x(01)00059-2 · Cited by 176
State of the art on high-temperature corrosion-resistant coatings
Mévrel, R. (1989) · Materials Science and Engineering A · doi:10.1016/0921-5093(89)90713-2 · Cited by 171
Y/Hf-doped AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy with ultra oxidation and spallation resistance
Lu, J., Chen, Y., Zhang, H., Ni, N., Li, L., He, L., Mu, R., Zhao, X., & Guo, F. (2020) · Corrosion Science · doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2019.108426 · Cited by 152
Metadata
- Authors
- Rapp, R. A.
- Affiliations
- The Ohio State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rapp, Robert A
- Venue
- Materials Science and Engineering
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1987-03
- Volume
- 87
- Pages
- 319-327
- ISSN
- 0025-5416 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2027813190
- Cited by
- 155
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 4.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Materials Science and Engineering (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Electrochemistry › Molten salt chemistry and electrochemical processes
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Surfaces, Coatings and Films › High-Temperature Coating Behaviors
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Metals and Alloys › Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics
- Keywords
- hot corrosion, oxide solubility, Pourbaix diagrams, sodium sulfate, sodium metavanadate, acid solubility, electrochemical corrosion mechanism, metal oxides, iron oxide, chromium oxide, alumina
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