The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 26 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Chemistry and electrochemistry of hot corrosion of metals
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Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The predominant chemical reactant involved in hot corrosion has been confirmed to be sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), due to its extraordinary stability over a wide range of temperatures and oxygen partial pressures [1, 6, 19].”
From A review on molten sulfate salts induced hot corrosion (2021) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“As with the thin aqueous layer on alloys in atmospheric corrosion, this molten salt layer is a pure ionic conductor which separates the alloys from the gas phase physically [1, 19, 47].”
From A review on molten sulfate salts induced hot corrosion (2021) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“These sulfate salts easily attach onto the surfaces of high temperature components and are melted to form a thin fused salt film at elevated temperatures.”
From A review on molten sulfate salts induced hot corrosion (2021) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“Moreover, S2O7 2is more active than other oxygen species, i.e., O2 and SO4 2- , and is reduced to SO4 2and SO3 - . This half-reaction can be the main reduction reaction [6, 19, 75].”
From A review on molten sulfate salts induced hot corrosion (2021) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“In the O2-SO2-SO3 environment (Eq. (1)), the solubilities of both O2 and SO2 in molten salt are poor. In contrast, SO3 can dissolve in molten salt because of the formation of pyrosulfate ions through Eq. (2) [1, 19].”
From A review on molten sulfate salts induced hot corrosion (2021) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“In the oxidizing environment without SO2 or SO3, several cathodic reactions including the reduction of oxygen and sulfate ions might be involved as shown in Eq. (18-21) [19, 84].”
From A review on molten sulfate salts induced hot corrosion (2021) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“Chromium is widely recognized as a beneficial element to combat the hot corrosion of various alloys [2, 19].”
From A review on molten sulfate salts induced hot corrosion (2021) · cites this paper as [19]
Citations
Cites
Mechanisms for the hot corrosion of nickel-base alloys
Goebel, J. A., Pettit, F. S., & Goward, G. W. (1973) · Metallurgical Transactions · doi:10.1007/bf02649626 · Cited by 420
Na2SO4-induced accelerated oxidation (hot corrosion) of nickel
Goebel, J. A., & Pettit, F. S. (1970) · Metallurgical Transactions · doi:10.1007/bf02642794 · Cited by 284
Whitney Award Lecture—1986: Chemistry and Electrochemistry of the Hot Corrosion of Metals
Rapp, R. A. (1986) · CORROSION · doi:10.5006/1.3583026 · Cited by 189
Self-citationHot Corrosion of High-Temperature Alloys
Stringer, J. (1977) · Annual Review of Materials Science · doi:10.1146/annurev.ms.07.080177.002401 · Cited by 144
The role of sodium in the accelerated oxidation phenomenon termed sulfidation
Bornstein, N. S., & DeCrescente, M. A. (1971) · Metallurgical Transactions · doi:10.1007/bf02813266 · Cited by 139
The Hot Corrosion of Metals by Molten Salts
Rapp, R. A. (1981) · ECS Proceedings Volumes · doi:10.1149/198110.0159pv · Cited by 136
Self-citationFormation and Reactivity Thermodynamics of Sodium Sulfate With Gas Turbine Alloys
DeCrescente, M. A., & Bornstein, N. S. (1968) · CORROSION · doi:10.5006/0010-9312-24.5.127 · Cited by 113
The Solubilities of NiO , Co3 O 4, and Ternary Oxides in Fused Na2 SO 4 at 1200°K
Gupta, D. K., & Rapp, R. A. (1980) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1.2129374 · Cited by 94
Self-citationSolubilities of Cr2 O 3 in Fused Na2 SO 4 at 1200 K
Zhang, Y. S. (1986) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1.2108648 · Cited by 87
Chemical Reactions Involved in the Initiation of Hot Corrosion of IN‐738
FRYBURG, G. C., Kohl, F. J., & STEARNS, C. A. (1984) · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · doi:10.1149/1.2115455 · Cited by 78
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Bornstein, 1969, Trans. Metall. Soc. AIME, 245, 1947
- Y.S. Zhang and R.A. Rapp, Solubilities of CeO2, HfO2 and Y2O3 in fused Na2SO4−30 m/o NaVO3 and CeO2 in pure Na2SO4 at 900 °C, Corrosion, in the press.
- Rahmel, 1987, Proc. Int. Symp. on High Temperature Corrosion, 85
- Rapp, 1983, 24, 23
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Antunes, R. A., & de Oliveira, M. C. L. (2013) · Corrosion Science · doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2013.07.013 · Cited by 189
A review on molten sulfate salts induced hot corrosion
Hu, S., Finklea, H., & Liu, X. (2021) · Journal of Materials Science & Technology · doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2021.03.013 · Cited by 183
Ishitsuka, T., & Nose, K. (2002) · Corrosion Science · doi:10.1016/s0010-938x(01)00059-2 · Cited by 176
State of the art on high-temperature corrosion-resistant coatings
Mévrel, R. (1989) · Materials Science and Engineering A · doi:10.1016/0921-5093(89)90713-2 · Cited by 171
Y/Hf-doped AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy with ultra oxidation and spallation resistance
Lu, J., Chen, Y., Zhang, H., Ni, N., Li, L., He, L., Mu, R., Zhao, X., & Guo, F. (2020) · Corrosion Science · doi:10.1016/j.corsci.2019.108426 · Cited by 152
Metadata
- Authors
- Rapp, R. A.
- Affiliations
- The Ohio State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rapp, Robert A
- Venue
- Materials Science and Engineering
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1987-03
- Volume
- 87
- Pages
- 319-327
- ISSN
- 0025-5416 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2027813190
- Cited by
- 155
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 4.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Materials Science and Engineering (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Electrochemistry › Molten salt chemistry and electrochemical processes
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Surfaces, Coatings and Films › High-Temperature Coating Behaviors
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Metals and Alloys › Metallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics
- Keywords
- hot corrosion, oxide solubility, Pourbaix diagrams, sodium sulfate, sodium metavanadate, acid solubility, electrochemical corrosion mechanism, metal oxides, iron oxide, chromium oxide, alumina
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