Maternal regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the infant rat: the roles of feeding and stroking
Abstract
Twenty-four hours of maternal separation results in increased secretion of ACTH and corticosterone (CORT), suggesting the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is regulated by some aspect of maternal behavior. Previous results indicate that feeding plays a role in maintaining low levels of CORT in 12-day-old pups. In Experiment 1 basal and stress levels of CORT and ACTH were measured in maternally-deprived pups either provided or not with milk to determine whether: (1) feeding maintains ACTH secretion at low levels, and/or (2) feeding maintains the adrenal insensitive to ACTH. The results showed that, although ACTH levels were markedly low (compared to previous values reported by this laboratory) for both groups, only non-fed pups showed a robust increase in basal and stress CORT levels. During the deprivation period in Experiment 1, all pups were manually stroked to induce urination and defecation, suggesting an effect of stroking on ACTH secretion. Experiment 2 examined this hypothesis. Stroking suppressed stress-induced elevations of ACTH secretion due to maternal deprivation. CORT levels, however, were elevated in all deprived pups. The results indicate that maternal regulation of the infant's HPA axis occurs at multiple levels. Feeding appears to regulate adrenal sensitivity, whereas anogenital stroking inhibits the activation of centrally-controlled components of the axis.
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At PN10, stressful stimuli produce a more immediate increase in pups' CORT levels, and the presence of the mother completely blocks its release.
“Specifically, at PN10, stressful stimuli begin to produce a more immediate increase in pups’ CORT levels, and the presence of the mother completely blocks its release (Moriceau et al., 2006, Stanton and Levine, 1990, Suchecki et al., 1993).”
From Early life adversity during the infant sensitive period for attachment: Programming of behavioral neurobiology of threat processing and social behavior (2017) · cites this paper as Suchecki et al., 1993
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- Authors
- Suchecki, D., Rosenfeld, P., & Levine, S.
- Affiliations
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Suchecki, Deborah
- ORCID
- Suchecki, Deborah
- Venue
- Developmental Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1993-10
- Volume
- 75
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 185-192
- ISSN
- 0165-3806 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2071537792
- Cited by
- 276
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 1.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Developmental Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5p01hd002881-23, 5r37mh045006-11)
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH MH-19936, NIMH MH-45006)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD 02881)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Pharmacy › Infant Health and Development
- Keywords
- hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, maternal behavior, maternal deprivation, infant rats, ACTH secretion, corticosterone, feeding, stress response, adrenal sensitivity
- MeSH terms
- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Aging, Animals, Corticosterone, Feeding Behavior, Female, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Male, Maternal Behavior, Maternal Deprivation, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Rats
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