Strong association of the third hypervariable region of HLA-DRβ1 with autism
Abstract
We reported that the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) including the null allele of the C4B gene and the extended haplotype B44-C30-DR4 is associated with autism. We report now that the third hypervariable region (HVR-3) of certain DR beta 1 alleles have very strong association with autism. The HVR-3 of DR beta 1* 0401 or the shared HVR-3 alleles DR beta 1* 0404 and DR beta 1* 0404 and DR *0101, was expressed on extended haplotypes in 23 of 50 (46%) autistic subjects as compared to only 6 of 79 (7.5%) normal subjects. Another HVR-3 sequence, the DR beta 1* 0701 allele, was carried on extended haplotypes in 16 (32.0%) of the autistic subjects as compared to 8 (10.1%) of the normal subjects.
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The hypervariable region 3 of DRB1*0401 is associated with increased relative risk for autism in children from Utah.
“The hypervariable region 3 of DRB1*0401 has been associated with an increased relative risk for autism in children from Utah (Warren et al, 1996).”
From The Role of the Immune System in Autism Spectrum Disorder (2017) · cites this paper as Warren et al, 1996
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- Authors
- Warren, R. P., Odell, J. D., Warren, W. L., Burger, R. A., Maciulis, A., Daniels, W. W., & Torres, A. R.
- Affiliations
- Utah State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Warren, Reed P.
- ORCID
- Torres, Anthony R.
- Venue
- Journal of Neuroimmunology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1996-07
- Volume
- 67
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 97-102
- ISSN
- 0165-5728 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2070318406
- Cited by
- 130
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 3.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroimmunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01mh042119-10)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-42119)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, HLA-DRB1, major histocompatibility complex, genetic association, extended haplotypes, HLA-DR4
- MeSH terms
- Alleles, Autistic Disorder, Chromosomes, Female, Haplotypes, Humans, Immunoglobulin Variable Region, Male, HLA-DR1 Antigen
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