The DOI matches its Crossref record; 46 of the 46 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Fear of movement/(re)injury in chronic low back pain and its relation to behavioral performance
Open accessAbstract
Two studies are presented that investigated 'fear of movement/(re)injury' in chronic musculoskeletal pain and its relation to behavioral performance. The 1st study examines the relation among fear of movement/(re)injury (as measured with the Dutch version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK-DV)) (Kori et al. 1990), biographical variables (age, pain duration, gender, use of supportive equipment, compensation status), pain-related variables (pain intensity, pain cognitions, pain coping) and affective distress (fear and depression) in a group of 103 chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients. In the 2nd study, motoric, psychophysiologic and self-report measures of fear are taken from 33 CLBP patients who are exposed to a single and relatively simple movement. Generally, findings demonstrated that the fear of movement/(re)injury is related to gender and compensation status, and more closely to measures of catastrophizing and depression, but in a much lesser degree to pain coping and pain intensity. Furthermore, subjects who report a high degree of fear of movement/(re)injury show more fear and escape/avoidance when exposed to a simple movement. The discussion focuses on the clinical relevance of the construct of fear of movement/(re)injury and research questions that remain to be answered.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“When faced with performing physical tasks such as lifting an arm weight or engaging in trunk extension and flexion exercises, patients scoring high on pain-related anxiety and fear do so much more slowly.144”
From Psychological aspects of persistent pain: Current state of the science (2004) · cites this paper as [144]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The FA model posits that pain that is perceived as threatening and is associated with catastrophic thinking is likely to lead to fear and subsequent avoidance behaviors, resulting in functional disability [8][9][10].”
From "Why Isn't It Going Away?": A Qualitative Exploration of Worry and Pain Experiences in Adolescents with Chronic Pain. (2021) · cites this paper as [10]
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“studies of the brain’s default mode network and other resting state networks suggest long-lasting functional brain changes related to the presence of chronic pain 379, 384–387.”
From Evaluating psychosocial contributions to chronic pain outcomes (2018) · cites this paper as [379]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“Further, studies show changes in functional connectivity in chronic pain patients.”
From Evaluating psychosocial contributions to chronic pain outcomes (2018) · cites this paper as [379]
In the citing paper
“Currently, there is evidence for chronic pain-related alterations a number of cortical regions that are considered to be important for the perception of pain including the primary and secondary somatosensory cortices, insular and anterior cingulate cortices, the prefrontal cortices, and many subcortical areas.”
From Evaluating psychosocial contributions to chronic pain outcomes (2018) · cites this paper as [379]
In the citing paper
“The TSK has proven to be a reliable assessment tool for chronic pain [60, 62, 63]”
From Chronic pain and sex-differences; women accept and move, while men feel blue (2017) · cites this paper as [60]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Cognitive Therapy for Depression
(2012) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e675542012-001 · Cited by 9,678
Cognitive Therapy in Depression
Kovács, M. (1980) · Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis · doi:10.1521/jaap.1.1980.8.1.127 · Cited by 3,422
Waddell, G., Newton, M., Henderson, I., Somerville, D., & Main, C. J. (1993) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(93)90127-b · Cited by 3,167
Rosenstiel, A. K., & Keefe, F. J. (1983) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(83)90125-2 · Cited by 2,314
Behavioral methods for chronic pain and illness
Fordyce, W. E. (1977) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(77)90029-x · Cited by 1,630
Williams, A. C. D. C. (1995) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3999(95)90016-0 · Cited by 1,472
Outline of a fear-avoidance model of exaggerated pain perception--I.
Lethem, J., Slade, P. D., Troup, J. D. G., & Bentley, G. (1983) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(83)90009-8 · Cited by 1,327
1987 Volvo Award in Clinical Sciences: A New Clinical Model for the Treatment of Low-Back Pain
Waddell, G. (1987) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-198709000-00002 · Cited by 1,244
Behavior modification in applied settings
Kazdin, A. E. (1975) · Cited by 1,086
Kinesiophobia : a new view of chronic pain behavior
Kori, S. (1990) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,056
Behavior modification in applied settings
Wolff, R. P. (1994) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0005-7916(94)90069-8 · Cited by 1,034
A fear survey schedule for use in behaviour therapy
Wolpe, J., & Lang, P. J. (1964) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(64)90051-8 · Cited by 1,027
Pain and Behavioral Medicine: A Cognitive-Behavioral Perspective
Turk, D., Meichenbaum, D. H., Genest, M., & Berntzen, D. (1984) · Scandinavian Journal of Behaviour Therapy · doi:10.1080/16506078409455719 · Cited by 977
The pain anxiety symptoms scale: development and validation of a scale to measure fear of pain
McCracken, L. M., Zayfert, C., & Gross, R. T. (1992) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(92)90113-p · Cited by 950
(1992) · Cited by 881
Behavioral Methods for Chronic Pain and Illness
Quimby, C. W. (1976) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/00000542-197610000-00030 · Cited by 866
Chronic pain and depression: Does the evidence support a relationship?
Romano, J. M., & Turner, J. A. (1985) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.97.1.18 · Cited by 732
Overview: hypochondriasis, bodily complaints, and somatic styles
BARSKY, A. J., & Klerman, G. L. (1983) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.140.3.273 · Cited by 605
Lindström, I., Öhlund, C., Eek, C., Wallin, L., Peterson, L., Fordyce, W. E., & NACHEMSON, A. L. (1992) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/72.4.279 · Cited by 532
I. Synchrony and desynchrony in fear and avoidance
Rachman, S., & Hodgson, R. (1974) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(74)90005-9 · Cited by 500
Avoidance behaviour and its role in sustaining chronic pain
Philips, H. C. (1987) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(87)90005-2 · Cited by 434
Beyond attentional strategies: a cognitive-perceptual model of somatic interpretation
Cioffi, D. (1991) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.109.1.25 · Cited by 426
Defares, P. B., van der Ploeg, H. M., & Spielberger, C. D. (1980) · Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling · Cited by 415
Newest Knowledge of Low Back Pain A Critical Look
NACHEMSON, A. L. (1992) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1097/00003086-199206000-00003 · Cited by 396
On the relation of injury to pain: the John J. Bonica Lecture
Wall, P. D. (1979) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(79)90047-2 · Cited by 356
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Psychiatric Problems
(2015) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med:psych/9780192615879.001.0001 · Cited by 328
Relation between catastrophizing and depression in chronic pain patients.
Sullivan, M. J. L., & D’Eon, J. L. (1990) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.99.3.260 · Cited by 325
McCracken, L. M., Gross, R. T., Sorg, P. J., & Edmands, T. A. (1993) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(93)90117-d · Cited by 254
Bortz, W. M. (1984) · PubMed · Cited by 246
COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY FOR PSYCHIATRIC PROBLEMS: A practical guide
Higgins, P. M. (1990) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 182
Flor, H., & Turk, D. C. (1989) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.105.2.215 · Cited by 180
Expectancies and functional impairment in chronic low back pain
Ahern, D. K., Follick, M. J., & Kline, C. L. (1988) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(88)90291-6 · Cited by 156
Does Anxiety Affect Coping with Chronic Pain?
MCCRACKEN, L. M., & GROSS, R. T. (1993) · The Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/00002508-199312000-00006 · Cited by 143
The modification of avoidance learning pain behaviors
Fordyce, W. E., Shelton, J. L., & Dundore, D. E. (1982) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf00845370 · Cited by 138
Herr, K., & Mobily, P. R. (1992) · Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services · doi:10.3928/0279-3695-19920901-05 · Cited by 107
What do chronic pain patients think of their pain? Towards a pain cognition questionnaire.
Vlaeyen, J., Geurts, S., Kole-Snijders, A. M. J., Schuerman, J., Groenman, N., & van Eek, H. (1990) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1990.tb00901.x · Cited by 104
Self-citationPhysical Fitness and Chronic Low Back Pain
McQuade, K. J., Turner, J. A., & Büchner, D. M. (1988) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1097/00003086-198808000-00023 · Cited by 99
The role of self-efficacy expectancies in the prediction of pain tolerance
Dolce, J. J., Doleys, D. M., Raczynski, J. M., Lossie, J., Poole, L., & Smith, M. (1986) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(86)90216-2 · Cited by 89
The components of pain behaviour report
Philips, H. C., & Jahanshahi, M. (1986) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(86)90082-3 · Cited by 75
Cognitive distortion and psychological distress in chronic low back pain.
Smith, T. W., Aberger, E. W., Follick, M. J., & Ahern, D. K. (1986) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.54.4.573 · Cited by 63
Behavioral treatment of chronic low back pain. I. Relation of coping strategy use to outcome
Spinhoven, P., & Linssen, C. G. A. (1991) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(91)90161-p · Cited by 58
Cognitive dimensions of chronic pain
Ciccone, D. S., & Grzesiak, R. C. (1984) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/0277-9536(84)90022-4 · Cited by 58
Chronic low back pain : assessment and treatment from a behavioral rehabilitation perspective
Vlaeyen, J. W. S. (1991) · doi:10.26481/dis.19910321jv · Cited by 33
Self-citationArrindell, W. A., Solyom, C. A. E., Ledwidge, B., et al. (1990) · Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0146-6402(90)90001-7 · Cited by 15
Cognitive distortion and psychological distress in chronic low back pain
Smith, T. W., Aberger, E. W., Follick, M. J., & Ahern, D. K. (1987) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(87)90148-5 · Cited by 8
Persistence behavior of chronic low back pain patients : a medical psychological study
Schmidt, A. J. M. (1986) · doi:10.26481/dis.19861114as · Cited by 3
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Vlaeyen, 1989, Chronic pain and the three-systems model of emotions. A critical examination, Crit. Rev. Phys. Rehav. Med., 2, 67
- Zitman, 1989, Standaardisering depressie-vragenlijsten, Tijdschr. Psychiat., 31, 114
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Fear-avoidance and its consequences in chronic musculoskeletal pain: a state of the art.
Vlaeyen, J. W. S., & Linton, S. J. (2000) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(99)00242-0 · Cited by 4,931
Self-citationThe biopsychosocial approach to chronic pain: Scientific advances and future directions.
Gatchel, R. J., Peng, Y. B., Peters, M. L., Fuchs, P. N., & Turk, D. C. (2007) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.133.4.581 · Cited by 3,392
Chapter 4 European guidelines for the management of chronic nonspecific low back pain
Airaksinen, O., Brox, J. I., Cedraschi, C., Hildebrandt, J., Klaber-Moffett, J., Kovacs, F., Mannion, A. F., Reis, S., Staal, J. B., Ursin, H., et al. (2006) · European Spine Journal · doi:10.1007/s00586-006-1072-1 · Cited by 2,594
Theoretical perspectives on the relation between catastrophizing and pain
Sullivan, M. J. L., Thorn, B., Haythornthwaite, J. A., Keefe, F., Martin, M., Bradley, L. A., & Lefebvre, J. C. (2001) · The Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/00002508-200103000-00008 · Cited by 2,472
The fear-avoidance model of musculoskeletal pain: Current state of scientific evidence
Leeuw, M., Goossens, M. E. J. B., Linton, S. J., Crombez, G., Boersma, K., & Vlaeyen, J. W. S. (2007) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-006-9085-0 · Cited by 2,261
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Vlaeyen, J. W. S., Kole-Snijders, A. M. J., Boeren, R. G. B., & van Eek, H.
- Affiliations
- Maastricht University (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Vlaeyen, Johan W.S.
- ORCID
- Vlaeyen, Johan W.S.
- Venue
- Pain
- Published
- 1995-09
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 363-372
- ISSN
- 0304-3959 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2110112325
- Cited by
- 2,446
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 95 · 2025: 118 · 2024: 105 · 2023: 108 · 2022: 105 · 2021: 102 · 2020: 106 · 2019: 109 · 2018: 91 · 2017: 103 · 2016: 91 · 2015: 89 · 2014: 104 · 2013: 100 · 2012: 105
- FWCI
- 8.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- lirias.kuleuven.be
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Pain (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lirias (KU Leuven) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Lucas Foundation
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Pain Management and Placebo Effect
- Keywords
- chronic low back pain, kinesiophobia, Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, pain catastrophizing, depression, pain coping, pain intensity, pain-related cognitions, gender differences, musculoskeletal pain
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Back Pain, Behavior, Chronic Disease, Economics, Fear, Female, Humans, Lumbosacral Region, Male, Movement, Musculoskeletal System, Recurrence, Sex Factors, Stress, Psychological, Insurance, Disability
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
