An intensive outpatient approach for cocaine abuse treatment
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The Matrix model of outpatient treatment was developed during the 1980s in response to an overwhelming demand for cocaine abuse treatment services. The model was constructed using components based upon empirically supported findings from the substance abuse research field. Over the course of development, data were collected on the treatment model and the model was modified based upon empirical evaluation. A pilot study comparing the Matrix outpatient model with an inpatient hospital treatment program produced preliminary support for the clinical utility of the model. An open trial comparing publicly and privately funded patients demonstrated that patients with fewer resources were more difficult to engage and retain in this model of outpatient treatment. In a controlled trial, a clear positive relationship was documented between duration and amount of treatment involvement in the Matrix model and positive outcome at 1 year. Due to a variety of methodological issues, the study was not able to answer definitively the question of clinical efficacy. In all of these studies, patients treated with the Matrix model demonstrated statistically significant reductions in drug and alcohol use and improvements in psychological indicators. This body of work, along with the public acceptance the model has received in the treatment community, support the usefulness of this intensive outpatient approach for cocaine abuse. Further research is underway to provide additional controlled information on the value of this treatment approach.
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RP strategies are now integral to most psychosocial treatments for substance use, including many widely disseminated interventions.
“RP strategies are now integral to most psychosocial treatments for substance use [17], including many of the most widely disseminated interventions (e.g., [18-20]).”
From Relapse prevention for addictive behaviors (2011) · cites this paper as [20]
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- Authors
- Rawson, R. A., Shoptaw, S. J., Obert, J. L., McCann, M. J., Hasson, A. L., Marinelli-Casey, P. J., Brethen, P. R., & Ling, W.
- Affiliations
- Matrix Institute on Addictions (US)
- Corresponding author
- Rawson, Richard A.
- Venue
- Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1995-03
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 117-127
- ISSN
- 0740-5472 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1967080904
- Cited by
- 197
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 2.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1r18da006185-01, 5r44da005778-03, 1r43da005778-01)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R18 DA-06185, R44 DA05778-02, R43 DA05778-01)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- cocaine abuse, intensive outpatient treatment, matrix models, outpatient addiction treatment, treatment engagement and retention, alcohol consumption, psychological outcomes, inpatient versus outpatient comparison
- MeSH terms
- Alcoholism, Ambulatory Care, Cocaine, Humans, Pilot Projects, Treatment Outcome, Substance-Related Disorders
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