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YOU CAN'T PLAY 20 QUESTIONS WITH NATURE AND WIN: PROJECTIVE COMMENTS ON THE PAPERS OF THIS SYMPOSIUM

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Newell, Allen·1973·Visual Information Processing

DOI 10.1016/b978-0-12-170150-5.50012-3

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Receptive fields, binocular interaction and functional architecture in the cat’s visual cortex
Hubel, D. H., & Wiesel, T. N. (1962) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1962.sp006837 · Cited by 13,680
Human Memory: A Proposed System and its Control Processes
Atkinson, R. C., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1968) · Psychology of Learning and Motivation · doi:10.1016/s0079-7421(08)60422-3 · Cited by 7,216
Human Problem Solving
Newell, A. (1972) · Cited by 6,222
Self-citation
Perception and Communication
Lane, S. D. (2016) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315506173-8 · Cited by 4,707
Understanding natural language
Winograd, T. A. (1972) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1016/0010-0285(72)90002-3 · Cited by 2,803
Thought and Choice in Chess
de Groot, A. D. (1978) · De Gruyter eBooks · doi:10.1515/9783110800647 · Cited by 1,888
Untitled work
(1971) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,687
Thought and Choice in Chess
Brook, C. V., & Groot, A. D. D. (1966) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1421155 · Cited by 1,295
On the process of comparing sentences against pictures
Clark, H. H., & Chase, W. G. (1972) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1016/0010-0285(72)90019-9 · Cited by 1,130
Coding Processes in Human Memory.
Melton, A. W., & Martin, E. (1973) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1421959 · Cited by 795

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How secure is a Newtonian paradigm for psychological and educational measurement?
Cantley, I. (2014) · Theory & Psychology · doi:10.1177/0959354314561141 · Cited by 10
“Newell (1973), in his paper “You can’t play 20 questions with nature and win,” argues that much research in cognitive psychology consists of asking binary questions and doing experimental work to study various psychological phenomena.”
Background
The Emerging Rapprochement between Cognitive and Ecological Analyses
Gray, W. D. (2009) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195374827.003.0021 · Cited by 9
“Architectures of cognition (Newell, 1973, 1990, 1992) focus on the control of a central system.”
Background
Learning in design: From characterizing dimensions to working systems
Reich, Y. (1998) · Artificial intelligence for engineering design analysis and manufacturing · doi:10.1017/s0890060498122072 · Cited by 9
“However, a general understanding of ML in design cannot emerge from addressing issues in isolation, or as Newell (1973) said, “you cannot play 20 ques-Fig tions with nature and win.””
Background
Testing Process Theories of Intelligence
Butterfield, E. C. (1981) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-1083-9_28 · Cited by 9
Double trouble: An evolutionary cut at the dichotomy pie
Bradshaw, J. L., & Nettleton, N. C. (1981) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00007743 · Cited by 9
Genetics of Personality
South, S. C., Reichborn‐Kjennerud, T., Eaton, N. R., & Krueger, R. F. (2012) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118133880.hop205001 · Cited by 9
The alleged manipulospatiality explanation of right hemisphere visuospatial superiority
Puccetti, R. (1981) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00007706 · Cited by 9
“To dichotomize in this rigid all-or-none fashion may well be a consequence of our tendency to exaggerate and catagorize continua in terms of their extremities (cf. Newell 1973).”
What is a reference?
Reich, Y. (2017) · Research in Engineering Design · doi:10.1007/s00163-017-0270-7 · Cited by 9
Large Language Model Psychometrics: A Systematic Review of Evaluation, Validation, and Enhancement
Ye, H., Jin, J., Xie, Y., Zhang, X., & Song, G. (2025) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2505.08245 · Cited by 8
Hello World! Building Computational Models to Represent Social and Organizational Theory
Grand, J. A., Braun, M. T., & Kuljanin, G. (2024) · Organizational Research Methods · doi:10.1177/10944281241261913 · Cited by 8
Approach–Avoidance Theories of Personality
Corr, P. J., & Krupıć, D. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.025 · Cited by 12
The Nature and Structure of Mothers’ Parenting Their Infants
Bornstein, M. H., Putnick, D. L., & Esposito, G. (2022) · Parenting · doi:10.1080/15295192.2022.2057799 · Cited by 8
“This close analysis of everyday behaviors also has relevance for cognitive science, as such naturalistic tasks as basic caregiving require the coordination of multiple cognitive faculties (Newell, 1973).”
Background
Measuring Blindly and Speculating Loosely: But Is a 'Psychologic' the Answer?
Shotter, J. (1991) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1207/s15327965pli0204_11 · Cited by 8
Core Cognitive Mechanisms Underlying Syntactic Priming: A Comparison of Three Alternative Models
Yang, Y. C., Karmol, A. M., & Stocco, A. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.662345 · Cited by 8
“…variability in the data; while at the group level no effect of grammaticality is found, individual participants consistently show effects of grammaticality on priming, suggesting that the group average results is a particular case of “averaging over methods” (Newell, 1973) leading to false results.”
Result
Games with(out) Frontiers: toward an integrated science of human cognition
Hommel, B. (2010) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00002 · Cited by 8
The nature of cerebral hemispheric specialisation in man: Quantitative vs. qualitative differences
Wyke, M. A. (1981) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00007731 · Cited by 8
“To dichotomize in this rigid all-or-none fashion may well be a consequence of our tendency to exaggerate and catagorize continua in terms of their extremities (cf. Newell 1973).”
Peirce's abduction and cognition as we know it
Orden, G. C. V. (2008) · Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1080/09528130802319227 · Cited by 8
“His concern, at the time, was the almost exclusive practice of seeking binary oppositions between models and theories, the concern of Newell (1973) described in the introduction of Dale (this issue).”
Background
Personality and Politics
Caprara, G. V., & Vecchione, M. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.038 · Cited by 9
A Roadmap for the Development of the ‘SP Machine’ for Artificial Intelligence
Palade, V., & Wolff, J. G. (2018) · The Computer Journal · doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxy126 · Cited by 8
Everyday Activities
Schultheis, H., & Cooper, R. (2022) · Topics in Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/tops.12603 · Cited by 8
Cognitive Theory and Mental Development
Butterfield, E. C., & Dickerson, D. J. (1976) · International review of research in mental retardation · doi:10.1016/s0074-7750(08)60063-4 · Cited by 8
Modeling complex tasks: An individual difference approach
Rehling, J., Lovett, M. C., Lebiere, C. J., Reder, L. M., & Demiral, B. (2018) · eScholarship (California Digital Library) · doi:10.1184/r1/6617147 · Cited by 8
Quantitative and qualitative individual differences in visual comparison processing: are strategies only analytic or holistic?
Eme, P.-E., & Marquer, J. (1998) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(98)00049-x · Cited by 8
Subliminal Perception, Microgenesis, and Personality
Hentschel, U., Smith, G. J. W., & Dragūns, J. G. (1986) · Advances in psychology · doi:10.1016/s0166-4115(08)62404-8 · Cited by 8
Understanding Speech Understanding
Haggard, M. P. (1975) · Communication and cybernetics · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-81000-8_1 · Cited by 8
A computational model of tower of hanoi problem solving
McNamara, T. P., & Varma, S. (2006) · Cited by 7
Implications of differences between perceptual systems for the analysis of hemispheric specialization
Harris, L. J., & Cart, T. H. (1981) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00007652 · Cited by 8
“To dichotomize in this rigid all-or-none fashion may well be a consequence of our tendency to exaggerate and catagorize continua in terms of their extremities (cf. Newell 1973).”
Uncovering Mental Architecture and Related Mechanisms in Elementary Human Perception, Cognition, and Action
Townsend, J. T., Wenger, M. J., & Houpt, J. W. (2018) · doi:10.1002/9781119170174.epcn511 · Cited by 9
“, Busemeyer & Townsend, 1993; Ratcliff, 1978). Each of these specifies a state space representing degree of processing. For instance, a Poisson counting model might represent an item’s features, with the state of processing referring to the number of completed features. In contrast, the state space for a diffusion or…”
Background
The imperative for (and opportunities of) research on adaptive expertise in health professions education
Mylopoulos, M., Dolmans, D. H. J. M., & Woods, N. N. (2022) · Advances in Health Sciences Education · doi:10.1007/s10459-022-10184-w · Cited by 8
“To us, the papers presented in this special issue remind us that progression in science means conversations and explorations that bridge perspectives rather than constructing oppositions (Newell, 1973).”
Background
If God Handed Us the Ground-Truth Theory of Memory, How Would We Recognize It?Preprint
Popov, V. (2023) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/ay5cm · Cited by 8
Parallel development of social behavior in biological and artificial fish
McGraw, J. D., Lee, D., & Wood, J. N. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-52307-4 · Cited by 8
Plasticity and Pathology
Bates, D., & Bassiri, N. (2016) · Fordham University Press eBooks · doi:10.2307/j.ctt18kr687 · Cited by 40
Tangent Bundle Curve Completion with Locally Connected Parallel Networks
Ben-Yosef, G., & Ben‐Shahar, O. (2012) · Neural Computation · doi:10.1162/neco_a_00365 · Cited by 7
“Inspired by Newell (1973) and Stevens (2000) (see also Palmer, 1999), one important goal in our work is to begin linking these ends more tightly so the process of curve completion is not merely modeled but (perhaps for the first time) becomes part of a coherent theory.”
Background
Quantitative Linking Hypotheses for Infant Eye Movements
Yurovsky, D., Hidaka, S., & Wu, R. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0047419 · Cited by 7
Directions toward a meta-process model of decision making: Cognitive and behavioral models of change.
McFall, J. P. (2015) · Behavioral Development · doi:10.1037/h0101038 · Cited by 8
“(Newell, 1973, p. 287) As a fundamental and continuous process impacting daily life outcomes, decision making has evoked multitudinous theories and models to explain it.”
Background
Conceptual and Historical Perspectives
Cloninger, S. C. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.004 · Cited by 8
Utility‐Based Generation of Referring Expressions
Guhe, M. (2012) · Topics in Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/j.1756-8765.2012.01185.x · Cited by 7
A rational approach to memory search termination
Davelaar, E. J., Yu, E. C., Harbison, J. I., Hussey, E. K., & Dougherty, M. R. P. (2013) · Cognitive Systems Research · doi:10.1016/j.cogsys.2012.12.012 · Cited by 8
“From a theoretical perspective, the goal of developing a comprehensive model of memory retrieval necessitates that we specify the control systems that operate on the memory representations (Newell, 1973).”
Background
Integration of social cues and individual experiences during instrumental avoidance learning
Pärnamets, P., & Olsson, A. (2020) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008163 · Cited by 9
“Beyond understanding how participants solved this particular task, our findings highlight the importance of considering the ecological factors which shape human decision makers beyond the confines of the lab when interpreting the results from experimental tasks [37].”
Using Meta-Knowledge Mined from Identifiers to Improve Intent Recognition in Conversational Systems
Pinhanez, C. S., Cavalin, P., Ribeiro, V. H. A., Appel, A. P., Candello, H. C. D. S. P., Nogima, J., Pichiliani, M. C., Guerra, M. A., de Bayser, M. G., Malfatti, G. L., et al. (2021) · doi:10.18653/v1/2021.acl-long.545 · Cited by 7
“The value and limits of symbolic categorization in AI have been of interest since the early days (Newell, 1973; Richards, 1982; Kosslyn, 2006).”
Background
Embodied Intelligence: Smooth Coping in the Learning Intelligent Decision Agent Cognitive Architecture
Kronsted, C., Kugele, S., Neemeh, Z. A., Ryan, K. J., & Franklin, S. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.846931 · Cited by 8
“Here “control structures” (see Newell, 1973) are broadly conceived of as those mechanisms that allow an agent to pursue its agenda.”
Background
Visuospatial Reasoning
Reed, S. K. (2020) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780197529003.003.0008 · Cited by 6
A Green Paper on Usability Maturation
Law, E. L., Hvannberg, E. Þ., & Cockton, G. (2007) · Human-computer interaction series · doi:10.1007/978-1-84628-941-5_16 · Cited by 7
Sentence Comprehension Processes in the Pre-Schooler
Foss, D. J., Bias, R. G., & Starkey, P. (1978) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-2532-1_17 · Cited by 7
Right Strategy, Wrong Tactic
Flach, J. M., & Smith, M. R. (2000) · Ecological Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15326969eco1201_4 · Cited by 7
“However, Gibson recognized that this 20-questions approach to nature (Newell, 1973) would never add up to a global understanding.”
Background
On the role(s) of modelling in cognitive science
Morse, A. F., & Tom Ziemke, B. (2008) · Pragmatics & Cognition · doi:10.1075/p&c.16.1.04mor · Cited by 7
Informationsverarbeitung, Künstliche Intelligenz und die Perspektiven der Kognitionspsychologie
Neumann, O. (1985) · Lehr- und Forschungstexte Psychologie · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-70747-6_1 · Cited by 7
Emerging methods for conceptual modelling in neuroimaging
Akama, H., & Murphy, B. (2016) · Behaviormetrika · doi:10.1007/s41237-016-0009-1 · Cited by 7
“Such an approach may not be appropriate for complex higher-level cognitive systems (Newell 1973), and may be especially ill-suited to investigations of language.”
Background
Mediationism and the Obfuscation of Memory
Watkins, M. J. (1996) · The Behavior Analyst · doi:10.1007/bf03392746 · Cited by 7
Steps Towards Integrated Models of Cognitive Systems: A Levels-of-Analysis Approach to Comparing Human Performance to Model Predictions in a Complex Task Environment
Schoelles, M. J., Neth, H., Myers, C. W., & Gray, W. D. (2006) · KOPS (University of Konstanz) · Cited by 7
Shortcomings of the verbal/nonverbal dichotomy: Seems to us we've heard this song before…
Bryden, M. P., & Allard, F. (1981) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00007585 · Cited by 7
“To dichotomize in this rigid all-or-none fashion may well be a consequence of our tendency to exaggerate and catagorize continua in terms of their extremities (cf. Newell 1973).”
Intuitive and Reflective Responses in PhilosophyPreprint
Byrd, N. (2016) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2787284 · Cited by 7
“I emphasize that there might be more than two processes to avoid problems that result from positing “binary oppositions” (Newell 1973).”
Background
Temporal processing as related to hemispheric specialization for speech perception in normal and language impaired populations
Tallal, P. A. (1981) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x0000772x · Cited by 7
“To dichotomize in this rigid all-or-none fashion may well be a consequence of our tendency to exaggerate and catagorize continua in terms of their extremities (cf. Newell 1973).”
The Flatland Fallacy: Moving Beyond Low Dimensional ThinkingPreprint
Jolly, E., & Chang, L. J. (2017) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/zdrfg · Cited by 8
Enabling an autonomous agent sharing its minds, describing its conscious contents
Dong, D. (2023) · Cognitive Systems Research · doi:10.1016/j.cogsys.2023.03.001 · Cited by 6
Personalized Model‐Driven Interventions for Decisions From Experience
Cranford, E. A., Lebiere, C. J., González, C., Aggarwal, P., Somers, S., Mitsopoulos, K., & Tambe, M. (2024) · Topics in Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/tops.12758 · Cited by 6
Cognitive Models for Machine Theory of Mind
Lebiere, C. J., Pirolli, P. L. T., Johnson, M., Martin, M., & Morrison, D. (2024) · Topics in Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/tops.12773 · Cited by 7
“A wide variety of cognitive architectures have been proposed over the last ﬁve decades since the concept was introduced as a uni-ﬁcation of functionality-speciﬁc models to provide an integrated account of human cognition (Newell, 1973).”
Personality, Preferences and Socioeconomic Behavior
Ferguson, E., Zhao, K., & Smillie, L. D. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.044 · Cited by 6
Toward a richer understanding of human cognition: Unleashing the full potential of the concurrent information-processing paradigm
Millroth, P. (2021) · New Ideas in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.newideapsych.2021.100873 · Cited by 6
Sensation and Perception
Kotseruba, I., & Tsotsos, J. K. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780192844835.003.0005 · Cited by 6
Non-Transformative Social Interaction
Gillespie, A. (2015) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9781137400994_6 · Cited by 6
Continuity and the Flow of Time: A Cognitive Science Perspective
Madl, T., Franklin, S., Snaider, J., & Faghihi, U. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-22195-3_8 · Cited by 7
“From computer science, AI pioneer Allen Newel argues against the reliance on modeling individual laboratory tasks saying " You can't play 20 questions with nature and win " (Newell 1973).”
Background
Can psychology provide a coherent account of human behavior ? A proposed multiexplanation-model theory
Rakover, S. S. (1997) · Behavior and philosophy · Cited by 6
Temperament and Brain Networks of Attention
Rothbart, M. K., Posner, M. I., & Sheese, B. E. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.016 · Cited by 8
Towards a model-theoretic framework for describing the semantic aspects of cognitive processes
Miguel-Tomé, S. (2020) · ADCAIJ ADVANCES IN DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE JOURNAL · doi:10.14201/adcaij2019848396 · Cited by 6
Accuracy in Person Perception
Biesanz, J. C., & Wallace, J. D. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.006 · Cited by 7
Queueing Network Modeling of Human Performance in Complex Cognitive Multi-task Scenarios.
Cao, S. C. (2013) · Deep Blue (University of Michigan) · Cited by 7
Social psychology at the crossroads: Its encounter with cognitive and ecological psychology and the interactive perspective
Zavalloni, M., & Louis‐Guerin, C. (1979) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.2420090308 · Cited by 9
Rules work on one representation; similarity compares two representations
Bailey, T. M. (2005) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x05240013 · Cited by 6
How Minds Will Be Built
Forbus, K. D. (2015) · Cited by 6
Scaling up psycholinguistics
Smith, N. J. (2011) · eScholarship (California Digital Library) · Cited by 5
Looking at Some new Look Problems from an Information Processing Point of View
Prinz, W. (1986) · Advances in psychology · doi:10.1016/s0166-4115(08)62421-8 · Cited by 6
Simulating human users in dynamic environments
Schoelles, M. J., & Hamburger, H. (2002) · Cited by 6
Computational Modeling in Cognition and Cognitive Neuroscience
Lewandowsky, S., & Oberauer, K. (2018) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119170174.epcn501 · Cited by 6
“As Newell (1973) commented, experimental psychology is at risk of amassing an ever-growing pile of unrelated phenomena, and the same can be said for process models: Even if we had a successful process model for each and every experimental finding to date, we would still be left with a fractionated…”
Background
Can psychology learn from the natural sciences?
Gigerenzer, G. (2024) · Theory & Psychology · doi:10.1177/09593543231209342 · Cited by 5
Diversity and Disagreement
Feltz, A., & Cokely, E. T. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-61935-9 · Cited by 7
Zooming in on what counts as core and auxiliary: A case study on recognition models of visual working memory
Robinson, M. M., Williams, J. R., Wixted, J. T., & Brady, T. F. (2024) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-024-02562-9 · Cited by 5
“…rather than solely fit a sample of data, may help improve theory assessment by curbing post hoc theorizing (Buse-meyer & Wang, 2000; Popov, 2023; Newell, 2012; Robinson & Steyvers, 2023; for recent applications of this approach in the visual working memory domain, see Robinson & Brady, 2023;…”
How to design and conduct a megastudy
Voelkel, J. G., Chu, J., Stagnaro, M. N., Druckman, J. N., & Willer, R. (2024) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-024-01998-2 · Cited by 6
What Do the Rules for the Wrong Game Tell us About How to Play the Right Game?
Heathcote, A. (2019) · Computational Brain & Behavior · doi:10.1007/s42113-019-00061-y · Cited by 5
“Replication crisis In reading Lee et al. (in review), I find myself half and half (c.f., Newell 1973).1 Half of me is quite content, impressed not only with their many insightful comments and suggestions but also that, at every turn, which might stray into the unfortunate excesses that have…”
Background
The Design, Education and Evolution of a Robotic Baby
Zhu, H., Wilson, S., & Féron, É. (2023) · IEEE Transactions on Robotics · doi:10.1109/tro.2023.3240619 · Cited by 5
“A. Newell once criticized the task-speciﬁc models that tackle a fragment of the overall cognitive modeling, indicating that it was hard to make cumulative progress with the fragmented approach [16].”
Background
Robustness of performance during domain change in an esport: A study of within-expertise transfer
Thompson, J. J., O’Camb, J. W., Barrett, R., Harrison, S., & Blair, M. R. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0295037 · Cited by 6
Toward an applied science of education: Some key questions and directions
Reif, F. (1978) · Instructional Science · doi:10.1007/bf00121273 · Cited by 5
Validating Computational Cognitive Process Models across Multiple Timescales
Myers, C. W., Gluck, K. A., Glenn Gunzelmann, A., & Krusmark, M. (2010) · Journal of Artificial General Intelligence · doi:10.2478/v10229-011-0012-6 · Cited by 5
A Brief Survey on User Modelling in Human Computer Interaction
Biswas, P. (2012) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-0954-9.ch001 · Cited by 5
Expanding and Repositioning Cognitive Science
Rosenbloom, P. S., & Forbus, K. D. (2019) · Topics in Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/tops.12468 · Cited by 5
“…goal expansion harks back to early arguments by Kaplan and Simon, this proposal concerning method expansion harks back to even earlier arguments by Newell (1973), who advocated for more of a theoretical focus in cognitive psychology, particularly focused on models of the overall control structure…”
Background
Binary vs. continuous experimental designs for the study of unconscious perceptual processing
Fisk, G. D., & Haase, S. J. (2020) · Consciousness and Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.concog.2020.102933 · Cited by 6
"Pulling it All Together" via Psychometric AI.
Bringsjord, S., & Schimanski, B. (2004) · National Conference on Artificial Intelligence · Cited by 5
Personality in Clinical Psychology
Widiger, T. A., & McCabe, G. A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.042 · Cited by 5
States and Situations, Traits and Environments
Asendorpf, J. B., & Rauthmann, J. F. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.007 · Cited by 10
Psychology is About Processes
Ohlsson, S. (2007) · Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s12124-007-9008-9 · Cited by 5
Skill Integration, Piaget and Education
Rowell, J. A., & Dawson, C. J. (1979) · Studies in Science Education · doi:10.1080/03057267908559868 · Cited by 5
Action planning for autonomous systems with respect to safety aspects
Ertle, P., Gamrad, D., Voos, H., & Söffker, D. (2010) · Conference proceedings/Conference proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics · doi:10.1109/icsmc.2010.5641937 · Cited by 5
“The relations represent an inner structure of the situation , which extends the classical situation calculus (see [11]) b y linking the characteristics to each other through arbitrar y functions.”
Background
The adaptive landscape of science
Wilkins, J. (2008) · Biology & Philosophy · doi:10.1007/s10539-008-9125-y · Cited by 5
Commentaries on Ruz & Lupianez (2002): A review of attentional capture: On its automaticity and sensitivity to endogenous control
Arnott, S. R., Pratt, J., Bartolomeo, P., Galfano, G., Turatto, M., Godijn, R., Theeuwes, J., Hoffman, J., Hommel, B., Kingstone, A., et al. (2002) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Cited by 5
A Naturalistic, Functional Approach to Modeling Language Comprehension.
Ball, J. T. (2008) · Cited by 5
Microcomputer-Administered Research: What It Means for Educational Researchers
Johnson, C. W. (1982) · Educational Researcher · doi:10.2307/1175869 · Cited by 5
Guest Editorial: Perceptual Organisation and Object Recognition—POOR is the Acronym, Rich the Notion
Wagemans, J. P., & Kolinsky, R. (1994) · Perception · doi:10.1068/p230371 · Cited by 5
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Authors: Newell, A.
Affiliations: Carnegie Mellon University (US)
Corresponding author: Newell, Allen
Venue: Visual Information Processing
Publisher: Elsevier
Published: 1973
Pages: 283-308
DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-170150-5.50012-3
OpenAlex: W95274681
Cited by: 820
References: 27
Citations by year: 2026: 28 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 96 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 34
FWCI: 14.70
Type: book chapter
Language: en
Open access: green
figshare.com
Licence: cc-by
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Elsevier eBooks (publishedVersion)
KiltHub Repository (submittedVersion)
Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
KiltHub Repository
Topics: Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Cybernetics and Technology in Society
Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Interdisciplinary Research and Collaboration
Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Management of Technology and Innovation › Scientific Research and Philosophical Inquiry

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