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YOU CAN'T PLAY 20 QUESTIONS WITH NATURE AND WIN: PROJECTIVE COMMENTS ON THE PAPERS OF THIS SYMPOSIUM
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Citations
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“The general point is that a functional, system-level focus (Newell, 1973) is an important way to drive memory theory, as well as a useful way to explore subtleties of archival data.”
BackgroundInstructional Scaffolding: Foundations and Evolving Definition
Belland, B. R. (2017) · Instructional Scaffolding in STEM Education · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-02565-0_2 · Cited by 40
“In cognitive science, there has long been a push to develop a unitary theory of cognition (Laird, 2008; Newell, 1973).”
BackgroundThe Production, Detection, and Explanation of Behavioral Patterns
Thorngate, W. (1986) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-2239-7_4 · Cited by 36
Reaction Times in the Study of Strategies in Sentence–Picture Verification: A Reconsideration
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A Cognitive Computational Model of Risk Hypothesis Generation
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“To summarize, we will start by reciting a classic critique by Allen Newell, who declared that ‘You can’t play 20 questions with nature and win” (Newell, 1973).”
MethodResource-sharing in multiple-component working memory
Doherty, J. M., & Logie, R. H. (2016) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/s13421-016-0626-7 · Cited by 35
“Scientific debates can and do aid the progress of science but can also self-perpetuate and waste scientific energy (e.g., Newell, 1973), particularly if opponents in the debate maintain entrenched positions or focus on evidence that supports rather than challenges their views.”
BackgroundMeyer, D. E., Glass, J. M., Mueller, S. T., Seymour, T. L., & Kieras, D. E. (2001) · The European Journal of Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1080/09541440126246 · Cited by 35
“One way of satisfying this requirement has been suggested by Newell (1973, 1990).”
BackgroundIndividual Differences in Local and Global Perceptual Organization
de‐Wit, L., & Wagemans, J. P. (2014) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199686858.013.028 · Cited by 32
Modelling meaning composition from formalism to mechanism
Martin, A. E., & Baggio, G. (2019) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2019.0298 · Cited by 36
“Newell revisited this problem in his famous 1973 paper, titled ‘ You can ’ t play 20 questions with nature and win ’ [31].”
BackgroundValidating Theories of Intelligence
Butterfield, E. C., Siladi, D., & Belmont, J. M. (1980) · Advances in child development and behavior · doi:10.1016/s0065-2407(08)60126-3 · Cited by 34
Ritter, F. E., Gauker, C., Wilson, W. K., Francescotti, R., Bricke, J., de Vries, W., & Elugardo, R. (1995) · Philosophical Psychology · doi:10.1080/09515089508573160 · Cited by 36
Recognition-based judgments and decisions: What we have learned (so far)
Marewski, J. N., POHL, R. F., & Vitouch, O. (2011) · Judgment and Decision Making · doi:10.1017/s1930297500001327 · Cited by 34
“Newell (2011) — Status of the recognition heuristic”
BackgroundWhat can cognitive architectures do for robotics?
Kurup, U., & Lebiere, C. J. (2012) · Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures · doi:10.1016/j.bica.2012.07.004 · Cited by 33
Conceptual Commitments of the LIDA Model of Cognition
Franklin, S., Strain, S., McCall, R. J., & Baars, B. J. (2013) · Journal of Artificial General Intelligence · doi:10.2478/jagi-2013-0002 · Cited by 34
Toward a Unified View of Cognitive Control
Salvucci, D. D., & Taatgen, N. (2011) · Topics in Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/j.1756-8765.2011.01134.x · Cited by 33
“Like Newell (1973), we find ourselves half impressed and half concerned about the current state of cognitive control research: impressed by the rigor and scope of the empirical data available, but concerned by the relative lack of theories that strive to provide unified accounts of experimental and…”
BackgroundNear-term memory in programming: a simulation-based analysis
Altmann, E. M. (2001) · International Journal of Human-Computer Studies · doi:10.1006/ijhc.2000.0407 · Cited by 33
“Based on this inference, the model can decide whether or not to pursue the item externally by scrolling to it (Altmann, Larkin & John, 1995; Altmann & John, 1999).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialBen‐Eliyahu, A., & Zeidner, M. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.041 · Cited by 33
The use of scenarios in human-computer interaction research
Young, R. M., & Barnard, P. J. (1986) · ACM SIGCHI Bulletin · doi:10.1145/1165387.275645 · Cited by 32
Seana Coulson, A. (1995) · John Benjamins Publishing Company eBooks · doi:10.1075/hop.m.cog5 · Cited by 32
Wyble, B., Flintoft, C. C., Chen, H., Marinov, T. M., Sarkar, A., & Bowman, H. (2020) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/rev0000245 · Cited by 33
Bringsjord, S. (2008) · Journal of Applied Logic · doi:10.1016/j.jal.2008.09.001 · Cited by 32
Piaget, Attentional Capacity, and the Functional Implications of Formal Structure
Chapman, M. (1987) · Advances in child development and behavior · doi:10.1016/s0065-2407(08)60405-x · Cited by 32
The five key questions of human performance modeling
Wu, C. (2016) · International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics · doi:10.1016/j.ergon.2016.05.007 · Cited by 31
“, driving a car and daydreaming) has been the major direction of human performance modeling research for a long time (Newell, 1973).”
Chong, R. S., & Wray, R. E. (2005) · Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science · doi:10.1002/0470018860.s00019 · Cited by 31
Binary Theorizing Does Not Account for Action Control
Hommel, B. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02542 · Cited by 35
“Working with binary oppositions such as will and habit has been taken to reflect human nature (Newell, 1973; Melnikoff and Bargh, 2018), and so it comes as no surprise that the will/ habit couple has survived in various disguises until today.”
BackgroundDual-Task Performance: Theoretical Analysis and an Event-Coding Account
Hommel, B. (2020) · Journal of Cognition · doi:10.5334/joc.114 · Cited by 30
Holographic Declarative Memory: Distributional Semantics as the Architecture of Memory
Kelly, M. A., Arora, N., West, R. L., & Reitter, D. (2020) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/cogs.12904 · Cited by 35
What Makes Everyday Scientific Reasoning So Challenging?
(2017) · Psychology of Learning and Motivation · doi:10.1016/bs.plm.2016.11.006 · Cited by 29
“Asking 20 questions of nature (Newell, 1973) is bound to fail.”
BackgroundValls-Serrano, C., Francisco, C. D., Vélez-Coto, M., & Caracuel, A. (2022) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2022.933331 · Cited by 29
“According to the computer scientist and cognitive psychologist Allen Newell, video games are an excellent tool to explore “a genuine slab of human behavior” (Newell, 1973, p. 303).”
MethodLiu, Y. (2009) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447310902973182 · Cited by 29
Lewis, R. L., Shvartsman, M., & Singh, S. P. (2013) · Topics in Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/tops.12032 · Cited by 29
“In general, effects of strategic adaptation penetrate all levels of human performance (Newell, 1973), from the most elementary perceptual decisions (Tanner & Swets, 1954) to more complex multi-tasking scenarios (Howes, Lewis, & Vera, 2009; Meyer & Kieras, 1997).”
DeYoung, C. G., & Blain, S. D. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.026 · Cited by 34
Speech Perception: Research, Theory, and the Principal Issues
Pisoni, D. B., & Luce, P. A. (1986) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-631403-8.50006-0 · Cited by 29
Learning, Forgetting, and Relearning for Keystroke- and Mouse-Driven Tasks: Relearning Is Important
Kim, J. W., & Ritter, F. E. (2015) · Human–Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/07370024.2013.828564 · Cited by 28
“Furthermore, it is valuable to have empirical data including both learning and forgetting (and relearning) because this type of data can be useful to test theories such as unified theories of cognition (e.g., Newell, 1973, 1990).”
BackgroundDecision making, cognitive science and accounting: An overview of the intersection
Peters, J. M. (1993) · Accounting Organizations and Society · doi:10.1016/0361-3682(93)90038-8 · Cited by 28
Staszewski, J. J. (1990) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-3268-1_18 · Cited by 28
RAVEN: A Dataset for Relational and Analogical Visual rEasoNingPreprint
Zhang, C., Gao, F., Jia, B., Zhu, Y., & Zhu, S. C. (2019) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1903.02741 · Cited by 28
“Newell argued that one of the potential solutions to AI was “to construct a single program that would take a standard intelligence test” [42].”
BackgroundThe Development of Children's Problem Solving in a Gears Task: A Problem Space Perspective
Metz, K. E. (1985) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1207/s15516709cog0904_4 · Cited by 49
The subjective meaning of cognitive architecture: a Marrian analysis
Varma, S. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00440 · Cited by 57
Moving from theory to practice and back in social and health psychology.
Michie, S., West, R., & Spring, B. J. (2013) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0030205 · Cited by 27
Pekkanen, J., Lappi, O., Rinkkala, P., Tuhkanen, S., Frantsi, R., & Summala, H. (2018) · Royal Society Open Science · doi:10.1098/rsos.180194 · Cited by 31
“5 : 180194 have a statistical effect on this single dependent variable is that it fails to sufficiently constrain hypotheses to allow the development of mechanistic models [45,46].”
BackgroundArgumentation: A calculus for Human-Centric AI
Dietz, E., Kakas, A. C., & Michael, L. (2022) · Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.3389/frai.2022.955579 · Cited by 35
“However, even after 50 years, Newell’s criticism that the scientific community does not “seem in the experimental literature to put the results of all the experiments together” (Newell, 1973) still seems to hold.”
BackgroundWolff, J. G. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01584 · Cited by 27
“But this has not always been observed in practice: Newell (1973, p. 303) urged researchers in psychology to address “a genuine slab of human behavior”; and McCorduck (2004, pp. 417, 424) has described how research in artificial intelligence became fragmented into many narrow sub-fields.”
BackgroundUnification Strategies in Cognitive Science
Miłkowski, M. (2016) · Studies in Logic Grammar and Rhetoric · doi:10.1515/slgr-2016-0053 · Cited by 29
“(Newell 1973, pp. 287–288) The oppositions were too crude to serve as pointers to a general theory, and phenomena were too detailed to furnish researchers with a framework that could be confirmed empirically.”
BackgroundEvaluating mass knowledge acquisition using the ALICE chatterbot: The AZ-ALICE dialog system
Schumaker, R. P., Liu, Y., Ginsburg, M., & Chen, H. (2006) · International Journal of Human-Computer Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2006.06.008 · Cited by 26
“…elements to perform a sequence of complex tasks, and noted the similarities between cognitive tasks and existing programming languages that are engineered to use logic and conditional operators (Newell 1973) to mimic human ability and to simulate human behavior (Feigenbaum and Simon 1962).”
BackgroundO’Neill, D. K. (2012) · International Journal of Research & Method in Education · doi:10.1080/1743727x.2012.683573 · Cited by 31
“(Newell 1973, 288–9) ISSN 1743-727X print/ISSN 1743-7288 online # 2012 Taylor & Francis http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1743727X.2012.683573 http://www.tandfonline.com ∗Email: koneill@sfu.ca”
InfluentialCognitive Architectures: Choreographing the Dance of Mental Operations With the Task Environment
Gray, W. D. (2008) · Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society · doi:10.1518/001872008x312224 · Cited by 26
“However, as Newell (1973) point-edly put it, “You can’t play 20 questions with nature and win,” an approach that focuses on the dancers and ballroom but not the dance cannot take us to our goal of understanding the human mind at work in complex task environments.”
BackgroundRigorous exploration in a model-centric science via epistemic iteration
Devezer, B., & Buzbas, E. O. (2023) · Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition · doi:10.1037/mac0000121 · Cited by 27
Schrodt, F., Kneissler, J., Ehrenfeld, S., & Butz, M. V. (2017) · Topics in Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/tops.12252 · Cited by 29
Building Blocks of Psychology: on Remaking the Unkept Promises of Early Schools
Gozli, D. G., & Deng, S. W. (2017) · Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s12124-017-9405-7 · Cited by 26
“In 1973, Allan Newell warned researchers in the then-emerging field of cognitive psychology that their research was producing an increasingly large number of highly narrow paradigms with little transfer or generalizability (Newell 1973; see also, Hommel and Colzato 2015; Meiser, 2011).”
BackgroundKugele, S., & Franklin, S. (2020) · Cognitive Systems Research · doi:10.1016/j.cogsys.2020.11.001 · Cited by 27
“In this context, we define minds as control structures (Newell, 1973) for autonomous agents , where an autonomous agent is a system situated within and a part of an environment that senses that environment and acts on it, over time, in pursuit of its own agenda, and so as to effect what it senses…”
BackgroundThe role of robotic modelling in cognitive science
Morse, A. F., Herrera, C., Clowes, R. W., Montebelli, A., & Tom Ziemke, B. (2011) · New Ideas in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.newideapsych.2011.02.001 · Cited by 25
The basic systems model of autobiographical memory
Rubin, D. C. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139021937.004 · Cited by 30
Modelling age-related changes in information processing
Spieler, D. H. (2001) · The European Journal of Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1080/09541440042000287 · Cited by 25
Hemispheric specialization: What, how and why
Marshall, J. C. (1981) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00007664 · Cited by 25
“To dichotomize in this rigid all-or-none fashion may well be a consequence of our tendency to exaggerate and catagorize continua in terms of their extremities (cf. Newell 1973).”
Unified Theories of Cognition and the Role of Soar
Newell, A. (1992) · Studies in Cognitive Systems · doi:10.1007/978-94-011-2426-3_3 · Cited by 35
Self-citationAn s-frame agenda for behavioral public policy research
Connolly, D. J., Loewenstein, G. F., & Chater, N. (2024) · Behavioural Public Policy · doi:10.1017/bpp.2024.58 · Cited by 26
The cognitive-emotional amalgam
Pessoa, L. (2015) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x14001083 · Cited by 28
Innovative action as skilled affordance‐responsiveness: An embodied‐mind approach
Yakhlef, A., & Rietveld, E. (2019) · Creativity and Innovation Management · doi:10.1111/caim.12345 · Cited by 26
“Invoking earlier criticisms levelled against an all-too cognitive view of innovation associated with Newell (1973) and Simon (1973) (for ignoring the context, and referring to Clark, 1997; Haugeland, 1995; Hurley & Hult, 1998), Kristensen suggests that “cognition and emotion integrate body and…”
BackgroundTomlinson, T. D., Marewski, J. N., & Dougherty, M. R. P. (2011) · Judgment and Decision Making · doi:10.1017/s1930297500002114 · Cited by 24
“Alternatively, researchers could strive to meet all of our challenges in concert, by developing models that transcend each challenge and connect them through a unified theoretical framework—a path advocated by the present authors and others (A. Newell, 1973; Nikolić, 2009).”
BackgroundA Dual Coding Theoretical Model of Decoding in Reading: Subsuming the Laberge and Samuels Model
Sadoski, M., McTigue, E. M., & Paivio, A. (2012) · Reading Psychology · doi:10.1080/02702711.2011.557330 · Cited by 31
“That is, theory and research have been primarily directed toward carefully limited pieces of cognition, under the assumption that first we should understand all the pieces separately and then merge them into a unified whole (Newell, 1973).”
BackgroundThe Apprentice Learner architecture: Closing the loop between learning theory and educational data.
MacLellan, C. J., Harpstead, E., Patel, R., & Koedinger, K. R. (2016) · Educational Data Mining · Cited by 24
Bayesian statistical approaches to evaluating cognitive models
Annis, J. S., & Palmeri, T. J. (2017) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science · doi:10.1002/wcs.1458 · Cited by 25
Stress-Induced Strategy Shifts Toward Intuitive Cognition: A Cognitive Continuum Framework Approach
Mahan, R. P. (1994) · Human Performance · doi:10.1207/s15327043hup0702_1 · Cited by 24
Billings, D., Peña‐Castillo, L., Schaeffer, J., & Szafron, D. (2001) · Nova Science Publishers eBooks · Cited by 24
Is a Machine Realization of Truly Human-Like Intelligence Achievable?
McClelland, J. L. (2009) · Cognitive Computation · doi:10.1007/s12559-009-9015-x · Cited by 23
“’ An emphasis on this issue may be one of the primary legacies of the work of Newell and Simon at Carnegie Mellon (see especially [13, 14]).”
BackgroundNeural dynamics of sentiment processing during naturalistic sentence reading
Pfeiffer, C., Hollenstein, N., Zhang, C., & Langer, N. (2020) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116934 · Cited by 23
“In 1973, Newell had already highlighted the difficulty of combining the findings of a series of cognitive science experiments and advocated to select “a single complex task and do all of it” (Newell, 1973).”
BackgroundReisenzein, R., Hildebrandt, A., & Weber, H. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108264822.009 · Cited by 26
Framing From Experience: Cognitive Processes and Predictions of Risky Choice
González, C., & Mehlhorn, K. (2015) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/cogs.12268 · Cited by 23
How to model the neurocognitive dynamics of decision making: A methodological primer with ACT-R
Dimov, C. M., Khader, P. H., Marewski, J. N., & Pachur, T. (2019) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/s13428-019-01286-2 · Cited by 23
“Constraining parameters in different tasks lends credence to architectural models (A. Newell, 1973b) and, more generally, reducing the number of free parameters is a widely accepted good practice in psychology.”
BackgroundHowe, E. S., & Loftus, T. C. (1992) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1992.tb01524.x · Cited by 23
Howard, R. W. (2006) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/bf03193903 · Cited by 23
“Indeed, Newell (1973) dubbed chess a “drosophila” for cognitive psychology.”
BackgroundCognitive Models of Human–Information Interaction
Pirolli, P. L. T. (2007) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470713181.ch17 · Cited by 23
“Progress, Newell (1973) argued, would require the development of theories that provide a unifi ed way of accounting for all the diverse phenomena and tasks found in the individual paradigms.”
BackgroundParallel and Serial Processing
Logan, G. D. (2002) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/0471214426.pas0407 · Cited by 23
Strategies, debates, and adversarial collaboration in working memory: The 51st Bartlett Lecture
Logie, R. H. (2023) · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1177/17470218231194037 · Cited by 23
Memory, reasoning, and categorization: parallels and common mechanisms
Hayes, B. K., Heit, E., & Rotello, C. M. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00529 · Cited by 22
“Newell (1973) famously pointed out that the proliferation of phenomena studied in experimental psychology and the dichotomous division of psychological processes (e.g., continuous versus discrete representations, analog versus digital processing) can impede theory development and cumulative…”
BackgroundThe SP Theory of Intelligence: Distinctive Features and Advantages
Wolff, J. G. (2015) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2015.2513822 · Cited by 21
“• In a similar vein, Newell, in his famous essay ‘‘You can’t play 20 questions with nature and win’’ [43], urges researchers to develop theories with wide scope (pp.”
BackgroundAn ecological perspective to cognitive limits: Modeling environment-mind interactions with ACT-R
Gaissmaier, W., Schooler, L. J., & Mata, R. (2008) · Judgment and Decision Making · doi:10.1017/s1930297500002461 · Cited by 23
“We believe that integrating the adaptive toolbox into an overarching framework such as ACT-R provides one possible answer to Alan Newell’s (1973) warning that the”
MethodComputational modelling of spoken-word recognition processes
Scharenborg, O., & Boves, L. (2010) · Pragmatics & Cognition · doi:10.1075/pc.18.1.06sch · Cited by 22
“This increase in specificity and coverage is regarded as a significant contribution of computational modelling to theory building (Morse and Ziemke 2008; Newell 1973), also because without this there is the risk that theories lack detail (and thus can claim to predict anything; see Norris 2005).”
BackgroundMannella, F., Mirolli, M., & Baldassarre, G. (2010) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511779145.006 · Cited by 21
Introduction: Philosophy in and Philosophy of Cognitive Science
Brook, A. (2009) · Topics in Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/j.1756-8765.2009.01014.x · Cited by 21
“Your view of the second variant will hang on whether you agree with Newell (1973) when he urged nearly 40 years ago that we need to do more than generate-and-test, more than find new effects.”
BackgroundBoundedly Rational and Emotional Agents Cooperation, Trust and Rumor
Prietula, M. J., & Carley, K. M. (2001) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-017-3614-5_9 · Cited by 21
“…agents accessing a stack with multiple items would cause disruption by random placement of non-retrieved items to other stacks. explanation have been well-argued elsewhere, ranging from psychology (e.g., Hoffman, Feltovich & Ford 1997, Jenkins 1979, Newell 1973) to economics (e.g., Schelling 1978).”
BackgroundStrategic cognitive sequencing: a computational cognitive neuroscience approach
Herd, S. A., Krueger, K. A., Kriete, T. E., Huang, T.-R., Hazy, T. E., & O'Reilly, R. C. (2013) · Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience · doi:10.1155/2013/149329 · Cited by 20
“…28 May 2013 Academic Editor: Giorgio Ascoli Copyright © 2013 Seth A. Herd et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.”
MethodAugmenting Cognitive Architectures with Large Language Models
Joshi, H. N., & Ustun, V. (2024) · Proceedings of the AAAI Symposium Series · doi:10.1609/aaaiss.v2i1.27689 · Cited by 23
“Cognitive architectures have a rich history and are a result of Newell’s strategy (Newell, 1973) combined with early work on human problem solving.”
BackgroundTesting Sleep Consolidation in Skill Learning: A Field Study Using an Online Game
Stafford, T., & Haasnoot, E. (2016) · Topics in Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/tops.12232 · Cited by 20
Complex Systems and Health Behavior Change: Insights from Cognitive Science
Orr, M., & Plaut, D. C. (2014) · American Journal of Health Behavior · doi:10.5993/ajhb.38.3.9 · Cited by 19
Hoffman, R. R., & McNeese, M. D. (2009) · Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making · doi:10.1518/155534309x441835 · Cited by 20
“…the McNeese (1986) assertion of a goal for cognitive engineering, the creation of humane intelligence; and • the Newell-Jenkins-Miller plea that researchers be open to the study of real-world complexity and not rely exclusively on reductionist approaches (Jenkins, 1974; Miller, 1986; Newell, 1973).”
BackgroundLi, W., Germine, L. T., Mehr, S. A., Srinivasan, M., & Hartshorne, J. K. (2022) · Infant and Child Development · doi:10.1002/icd.2348 · Cited by 21
“There are good reasons to dispute this as the main desideratum (Newell, 1973; Wilson et al., 2020).”
BackgroundTowards a Cognitive Science of New Religious Movements
Upal, M. A. (2005) · Journal of Cognition and Culture · doi:10.1163/1568537054068598 · Cited by 20
A Review of Computer-Based Human Behavior Representations and Their Relation to Military Simulations
Morrison, J. E. (2003) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e427382005-001 · Cited by 21
“ACT represents the synthesis of HAM and a production system theory of memory (Newell, 1973).”
Unifying Computing and Cognition: The SP Theory and its ApplicationsPreprint
Wolff, J. G. (2004) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.cs/0401009 · Cited by 24
The Morphospace of ConsciousnessPreprint
Arsiwalla, X. D., Moulin-Frier, C., Herreros, I., Sánchez-Fibla, M., & Verschure, P. F. M. J. (2017) · PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/emhnp · Cited by 19
Chubala, C. M., Johns, B. T., Jamieson, R. K., & Mewhort, D. J. K. (2016) · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1080/17470218.2015.1130068 · Cited by 19
“As it stands, we take the model’s success as an echo of advice from Newell (1973).”
Representational unification in cognitive science: Is embodied cognition a unifying perspective?
Miłkowski, M., & Nowakowski, P. R. (2019) · Synthese · doi:10.1007/s11229-019-02445-w · Cited by 19
“The problem is that when a field uses microtheories to explain phenomena, there is a danger of appealing to divergent theoretical principles in explaining even related classes of phenomena, which may lead to eclectic ad hoc models (Newell 1973).”
BackgroundInfluentialA Problem Solving Approach to Movement Skill Acquisition: Implications for Special Populations
Bouffard, M., & Wall, A. E. (1990) · Advances in psychology · doi:10.1016/s0166-4115(08)61179-6 · Cited by 21
Toward an evolutionary perspective on hemispheric specialization
Corballis, M. C. (1981) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00007639 · Cited by 19
“To dichotomize in this rigid all-or-none fashion may well be a consequence of our tendency to exaggerate and catagorize continua in terms of their extremities (cf. Newell 1973).”
Progress in the Understanding of Sensory and Perceptual Processes in Early Infancy.
Haith, M. M. (1990) · Merrill-palmer Quarterly · Cited by 19
The SP theory of intelligence: its distinctive features and advantagesPreprint
Wolff, J. G. (2015) · arXiv (Cornell University) · Cited by 19
Metadata
- Authors
- Newell, A.
- Affiliations
- Carnegie Mellon University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Newell, Allen
- Venue
- Visual Information Processing
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Published
- 1973
- Pages
- 283-308
- OpenAlex
- W95274681
- Cited by
- 820
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 96 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 34
- FWCI
- 14.70
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- figshare.com
- Licence
- Locations
- Elsevier eBooks (publishedVersion)
- KiltHub Repository (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- KiltHub Repository
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Cybernetics and Technology in Society
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Interdisciplinary Research and Collaboration
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Management of Technology and Innovation › Scientific Research and Philosophical Inquiry
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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