Gestational weight gain
Open accessAbstract
&NA; Prenatal care providers are advised to evaluate maternal weight at each regularly scheduled prenatal visit, monitor progress toward meeting weight gain goals, and provide individualized counseling if significant deviations from a woman’s goals occur. Today, nearly 50% of women exceed their weight gain goals with overweight and obese women having the highest prevalence of excessive weight gain. Risks of inadequate weight gain include low birthweight and failure to initiate breast‐feeding whereas the risks of excessive weight gain include cesarean deliveries and postpartum weight retention for the mother and large‐for‐gestational‐age infants, macrosomia, and childhood overweight or obesity for the offspring. Prenatal care providers have many resources and tools to incorporate weight and other health behavior counseling into routine prenatal practices. Because many women are motivated to improve health behaviors, pregnancy is often considered the optimal time to intervene for issues related to eating habits and physical activity to prevent excessive weight gain. Gestational weight gain is a potentially modifiable risk factor for a number of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes and meta‐analyses of randomized controlled trials report that diet or exercise interventions during pregnancy can help reduce excessive weight gain. However, health behavior interventions for gestational weight gain have not significantly improved other maternal and neonatal outcomes and have limited effectiveness in overweight and obese women.
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Inadequate and excessive GWG are related to poor pregnancy outcomes for non-diabetic women in Western or high-income countries.
“most of the current evidences displayed that inadequate and excessive GWG were related to poor pregnancy outcomes for non-diabetic women in Western or high-income countries [9, 19, 20]”
From Associations of maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain with the risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes in Chinese women with gestational diabetes mellitus (2023) · cites this paper as [19]
The “Risks of Inadequate and Excessive Weight Gain” section (page not supplied) links inadequate GWG to small-for-gestational-age infants and perinatal mortality, and excessive GWG to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. The paper discusses evidence from the United States, but it does not establish that these findings apply specifically to non-diabetic women. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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- Authors
- Kominiarek, M. A., & Peaceman, A. M.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kominiarek, Michelle A.
- Venue
- American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2017-12
- Volume
- 217
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 642-651
- ISSN
- 0002-9378 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5701873
- OpenAlex
- W2618890475
- Semantic Scholar
- 66ff6665d13ab102ddfcdd11deb677fa7412b46f
- Cited by
- 421
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 36 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 84 · 2022: 55 · 2021: 62 · 2020: 50 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 4.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (K23HD076010)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Keywords
- gestational weight gain, prenatal care, maternal overweight and obesity, excessive weight gain, low birth weight, cesarean section, postpartum weight retention, large for gestational age, macrosomia, childhood obesity, diet and exercise intervention, maternal and neonatal outcomes
- MeSH terms
- Breast Feeding, Cesarean Section, Counseling, Diet, Female, Fetal Macrosomia, Humans, Infant, Low Birth Weight, Obesity, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Prenatal Care, Risk Factors, Weight Gain, Health Behavior, Exercise, Overweight, Motivational Interviewing, Pediatric Obesity
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