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Cited by 76Gun Ownership and Violence ResearchInjury Epidemiology and PreventionTrauma and Emergency Care Studies

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Costs of Fatal and Nonfatal Firearm Injuries in the U.S., 2019 and 2020

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Miller, Gabrielle F., Barnett, Sarah Beth L., Florence, Curtis S., McDavid Harrison, Kathleen, Dahlberg, Linda L., Mercy, James A.·2024·American Journal of Preventive Medicine
DOI 10.1016/j.amepre.2023.09.026PMC PMC10843794
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Abstract

Introduction Firearm-related injuries are among the five leading causes of death for people aged 1-44 years in the U.S. The immediate and long-term harms of firearm injuries pose an economic burden on society. Fatal and nonfatal firearm injury costs in the U.S. were estimated providing up-to-date economic burden estimates. Methods Counts of nonfatal firearm injuries were obtained from the 2019-2020 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Emergency Department Sample. Data on nonfatal injury intent were obtained from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System - Firearm Injury Surveillance System. Counts of deaths (firearm as underlying cause) were obtained from the 2019-2020 multiple cause-of-death mortality data from the National Vital Statistics System. Analyses were conducted in 2023. Results The total cost of firearm related injuries and deaths in the U.S. for 2020 was $493.2 billion, a 16 percent increase compared with 2019. There are significant disparities in the cost of firearm deaths in 2019-2020, with non-Hispanic Black people, males, and young and middle-aged groups being the most affected. Conclusions Most of the nonfatal firearm injury-related costs are attributed to hospitalization. These findings highlight the racial/ethnic differences in fatal firearm injuries and the disproportionate cost burden to urban areas. Addressing this important public health problem can help ameliorate the costs to our society from the rising rates of firearm injuries.

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Metadata

Authors
Miller, G. F., Barnett, S. B. L., Florence, C. S., McDavid Harrison, K., Dahlberg, L. L., & Mercy, J. A.
Affiliations
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
Corresponding author
Miller, Gabrielle F.
ORCID
Venue
American Journal of Preventive Medicine
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2024-02
Volume
66
Issue
2
Pages
195-204
ISSN
0749-3797 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.amepre.2023.09.026
PMC
PMC10843794
OpenAlex
W4389030694
Cited by
76
References
4
Citations by year
2026: 23 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 18
FWCI
20.54
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • American Journal of Preventive Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Health › Gun Ownership and Violence Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Injury Epidemiology and Prevention
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Emergency Medicine › Trauma and Emergency Care Studies
Keywords
firearm injuries, firearm deaths, economic burden, health care costs, hospital costs, racial and ethnic disparities, young and middle-aged adults, urban environment, injury intent, emergency department visits, COVID-19 pandemic
MeSH terms
Firearms, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Population Surveillance, Public Health, United States, Wounds, Gunshot, Health Care Costs

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