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Cited by 86Coffee research and impactsBlood Pressure and Hypertension StudiesSodium Intake and Health

Association of ambulatory blood pressure and dietary caffeine in adolescents

SAVOCA, M, MACKEY, M, EVANS, C, WILSON, M, LUDWIG, D, HARSHFIELD, G·2005·American Journal of Hypertension
DOI 10.1016/j.amjhyper.2004.08.011
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Although relatively little is known about the responsible factors, there is an increased prevalence of essential hypertension in youth. Our previous research using casual blood pressure (BP) suggests a role for caffeine intake. The objective of this study was to assess the association between caffeine intake and ambulatory BP patterns among adolescents and to replicate our previous findings that compared caffeine intake to BP values obtained at a single time point. METHODS: Eighty-two African-American and non-Hispanic white adolescents (15 to 19 years old) with normal systolic BP selected foods and beverages for a 4-day sodium-controlled diet. Subjects were stratified into three groups based on the amount of caffeine in these foods. Ambulatory BP measures (24-h) were recorded during 1 day of the 4-day diet. The effects of ethnicity, caffeine, and the interaction of ethnicity and caffeine on BP were assessed for daytime and nighttime hours controlling for gender and body mass index. RESULTS: The level of dietary caffeine was positively associated with daytime systolic BP (F(2,76) = 3.1, P = .05, partial R(2) = 0.07) and daytime diastolic BP (F = 3.53(2,76), P = .03, partial R(2) = 0.07). Caffeine's effect on systolic BP was most pronounced for African-American subjects. These results replicated our earlier findings. There was no association between caffeine intake and nighttime BP. CONCLUSIONS: This investigation replicates and extends our previous findings that caffeine consumption impacts the BP of adolescents, during the daytime when sympathetic nervous system responses dominate BP control. Controlled studies that examine the pressor effects of caffeine intake at levels typical of the dietary patterns of today's adolescents are needed.

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  • Caffeine's effects on blood pressure are more pronounced among African-American children than among Caucasian children, with a mean difference in blood pressure averaging 6.5 mm Hg.

    “caffeine’s effects on blood pressure are more pronounced among African-American children than among Caucasian children (mean difference in blood pressure averaging 6.5 mm Hg) (175, 194).”

    From The Safety of Ingested Caffeine: A Comprehensive Review (2017) · cites this paper as [194]

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Authors
SAVOCA, M., MACKEY, M., EVANS, C., WILSON, M., LUDWIG, D., & HARSHFIELD, G.
Affiliations
Augusta University (US)
Corresponding author
SAVOCA, M
ORCID
MACKEY, M
Venue
American Journal of Hypertension
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2005-01
Volume
18
Issue
1
Pages
116-120
ISSN
0895-7061 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.amjhyper.2004.08.011
OpenAlex
W2021026903
Cited by
86
References
17
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 5
FWCI
2.34
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • American Journal of Hypertension (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (P01HL069999, HL 69999)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Coffee research and impacts
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Sodium Intake and Health
Keywords
dietary caffeine, ambulatory blood pressure, adolescents, essential hypertension, African American adolescents, ethnicity, diastolic blood pressure, nocturnal blood pressure, sympathetic nervous system
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Black or African American, Blood Pressure, Caffeine, Circadian Rhythm, Diet, Sodium-Restricted, Female, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Hypertension, Male, Natriuresis, Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory

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