Contextual control of appetite. Renewal of inhibited food-seeking behavior in sated rats after extinction
Open accessAbstract
Obesity and overeating have become fundamental problems in modern society. This article studies the inhibition of food-seeking behavior, and how contextual cues can control it. Rats that had free food in the home cage nevertheless learned to lever press for sucrose or high-fat pellets in a distinctive context (a Skinner box). Lever pressing was then inhibited by extinction, in which lever presses no longer produced food. After extinction, inhibited responding was "renewed" when the rats were switched to a different context: in the new context, the rats lever-pressed again, and worked more for food when food was made available. These effects were observed when conditioning, extinction and testing occurred in contexts A, B, and A (respectively) or in A, A, and B. Thus, mere removal from the context in which food-seeking was inhibited initiated a return to food-seeking. The contextual control of extinction may help explain why food seeking and consumption seem so persistent.
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In operant and extinction studies, changing the context after learning can weaken performance of the newly acquired behavior.
“for both operant and extinction research demonstrates that a change in context after learning may result in a decrement in performance of the new learning (Bouton & Todd, 2014; Todd, Winterbauer & Bouton, 2012).”
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- Authors
- Todd, T. P., Winterbauer, N. E., & Bouton, M. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Vermont (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bouton, Mark E.
- Venue
- Appetite
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2012-04
- Volume
- 58
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 484-489
- ISSN
- 0195-6663 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3579161
- OpenAlex
- W2077350071
- Cited by
- 60
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 2.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Appetite (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH064847)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- food-seeking behavior, extinction, contextual control, renewal, satiety, appetite regulation, obesity, overeating, sucrose, lever pressing
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Appetite Regulation, Appetitive Behavior, Behavior, Animal, Dietary Fats, Extinction, Psychological, Feeding Behavior, Female, Satiation, Self Administration, Sucrose, Rats, Wistar, Rats
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