Renewal after the extinction of free operant behavior
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Four experiments were performed to explore the role of context in operant extinction. In all experiments, leverpressing in rats was first reinforced with food pellets on a variable interval 30-s schedule, then extinguished, and finally tested in the same and a different physical context. The experiments demonstrated a clear ABA renewal effect, a recovery of extinguished responding when conditioning, extinction, and testing occurred in contexts A, B, and A, respectively. They also demonstrated ABC renewal (where conditioning extinction and testing occurred in contexts A, B, and C) and, for the first time in operant conditioning, AAB renewal (where conditioning, extinction, and testing occurred in contexts A, A, and B). The latter two phenomena indicate that tests outside the extinction context are sufficient to cause a recovery of extinguished operant behavior and, thus, that operant extinction, like Pavlovian extinction, is relatively specific to the context in which it is learned. AAB renewal was not weakened by tripling the amount of extinction training. ABA renewal was stronger than AAB, but not merely because of context A's direct association with the reinforcer.
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Changing the context after extinction produces renewal, including ABA, ABC, and AAB forms.
“if we change the context after extinction, the behavior renews – we have observed ABA, ABC, and even AAB forms of renewal, where the first, second, and third letters denote the contexts of conditioning, extinction, and testing (e.g., Bouton et al., 2011).”
From Context, attention, and the switch between habit and goal-direction in behavior (2021) · cites this paper as Bouton et al., 2011
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A Contemporary Behavioral Perspective on Extinction
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Resurgence of instrumental behavior after an abstinence contingency
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Resurgence in humans: Reducing relapse by increasing generalization between treatment and testing.
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New functions of the rodent prelimbic and infralimbic cortex in instrumental behavior
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Prevalence of relapse of automatically maintained behavior resulting from context changes
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Extinction: Behavioral Mechanisms and Their Implications ☆
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Effects of D-cycloserine on the extinction of appetitive operant learning
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Repeated resurgence with and without a context change
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- Authors
- Bouton, M. E., Todd, T. P., Vurbic, D., & Winterbauer, N. E.
- Affiliations
- University of Vermont (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bouton, Mark E.
- Venue
- Learning & Behavior
- Published
- 2011-01-29
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 57-67
- ISSN
- 1543-4494 (ISSN-L)
- 1543-4508
- PMC
- PMC3059840
- OpenAlex
- W1997522372
- Cited by
- 281
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 7.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Learning & Behavior (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH064847)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- operant extinction, context effects, lever pressing, variable-interval schedules, extinction training, Pavlovian extinction
- MeSH terms
- Analysis of Variance, Animals, Conditioning, Operant, Extinction, Psychological, Female, Reinforcement Schedule, Rats, Wistar, Rats
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