Evaluation of postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS)
Abstract
The diagnostic evaluation of a patient with suspected postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) requires a thoughtful diagnostic approach utilizing a careful clinical history and examination, laboratory, and autonomic testing. This article outlines the importance of a thorough history in identifying mechanism of symptom onset, clinical features, associated clinical conditions or disorders, and factors that may result in symptom exacerbation. The clinical examination involves an assessment of pupillary responses, an evaluation for sudomotor and vasomotor signs, and an assessment for joint hypermobility. Laboratory testing helps to exclude mimics of autonomic dysfunction, recognize conditions that may exacerbate symptoms, and to identify conditions that may cause or be associated with autonomic nervous system disease. The purpose of autonomic testing is to confirm a POTS diagnosis, exclude other causes of orthostatic intolerance, and may provide for characterization of POTS into neuropathic and hyperadrenergic subtypes. Other diagnostic studies, such as epidermal skin punch biopsy, exercise testing, radiographic studies, sleep studies, gastrointestinal motility studies, and urodynamic studies should be considered when clinically appropriate.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Tests that measure the integrity of the cardiovagal and peripheral vasomotor adrenergic responses will be normal in most, but not all, POTS patients.
“Tests that measure the integrity of the cardiovagal and peripheral vasomotor adrenergic responses will be normal in most, but not all, POTS patients (Goodman, 2018).”
From Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS): State of the science and clinical care from a 2019 National Institutes of Health Expert Consensus Meeting - Part 1 (2021) · cites this paper as Goodman, 2018
Cardiovascular POTS symptoms relate to inadequate and exaggerated standing heart rate increase, global postural haemodynamic instability with hypertensive or hypotensive tendency, cerebral hypoperfusion, venous pooling, and vascular tone dysregulation in specific areas.
“This group of symptoms is related to an inadequate and exaggerated heart rate increase on standing, global postural haemodynamic instability, either hypertensive or hypotensive tendency, cerebral hypoperfusion, venous pooling, and disorders of vascular tone regulation in specific areas such as head, coronary arteries, skin, extremities [20,32,34,35] (Table 2).”
From Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: clinical presentation, aetiology and management (2019) · cites this paper as [34]
Cites
The 2017 international classification of the Ehlers–Danlos syndromes
Malfait, F., Francomano, C., Byers, P., Belmont, J., Berglund, B., Black, J., Bloom, L., Bowen, J. M., Brady, A. F., Burrows, N. P., et al. (2017) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part C: Seminars in Medical Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.c.31552 · Cited by 1,936 · see citing works
Shiboski, C. H., Shiboski, S. C., Séror, R., Criswell, L. A., Labétoulle, M., Lietman, T. M., Rasmussen, A., Scofield, R. H., Vitali, C., Bowman, S., et al. (2016) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210571 · Cited by 1,420 · see citing works
Spontaneous Spinal Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks and Intracranial Hypotension
Schievink, W. I. (2006) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.295.19.2286 · Cited by 1,080 · see citing works
A new method for studying gut transit times using radioopaque markers
Hinton, J., Lennard‐Jones, J. E., & Young, A. C. (1969) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.10.10.842 · Cited by 838 · see citing works
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: the Mayo clinic experience
Thieben, M. J., Sandroni, P., Sletten, D. M., Benrud-Larson, L. M., Fealey, R. D., Vernino, S., Low, P. A., Lennon, V. A., & Shen, W.-K. (2007) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.1016/s0025-6196(11)61027-6 · Cited by 516 · see citing works
Rao, S. S. C., Camilleri, M., Hasler, W. L., Maurer, A. H., Parkman, H. P., Saad, R., Scott, S. M., Simrén, M., Soffer, E., & Szarka, L. A. (2010) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2982.2010.01612.x · Cited by 383 · see citing works
Postural tachycardia syndrome: a heterogeneous and multifactorial disorder
Benarroch, E. E. (2012) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2012.08.013 · Cited by 370 · see citing works
The diagnosis of small bowel bacterial overgrowth
Corazza, G. R., Menozzi, M. G., Strocchi, A., Rasciti, L., Vaira, D., Lecchini, R., Avanzini, P., Chezzi, C., & Gasbarrini, A. (1990) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/0016-5085(90)90818-l · Cited by 351 · see citing works
Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: a comprehensive review.
(2007) · PubMed Central · Cited by 321 · see citing works
Postural Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS)
Raj, S. R. (2013) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.112.144501 · Cited by 320 · see citing works
Postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS)
Lamotte, G., & Low, P. A. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-85492-4.00118-6 · Cited by 300 · see citing works
The epidemic of orthostatic tachycardia and orthostatic intolerance
Robertson, D. (1999) · The American Journal of the Medical Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0002-9629(15)40480-x · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Low, P. A., Denq, J.-C., Opfer‐Gehrking, T. L., Dyck, P. J., O’Brien, P. C., & Slezak, J. M. (1997) · Muscle & Nerve · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4598(199712)20:12 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Autoimmune Basis for Postural Tachycardia Syndrome
Li, H., Yu, X., Liles, C., Khan, M., Vanderlinde‐Wood, M., Galloway, A., Zillner, C., Benbrook, A., Reim, S., Collier, D., et al. (2014) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.113.000755 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Postural tachycardia syndrome—current experience and concepts
Mathias, C. J., Low, D. A., Iodice, V., Owens, A. P., Kirbis, M., & Grahame, R. (2012) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2011.187 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Is neurally mediated hypotension an unrecognised cause of chronic fatigue?
Rowe, P. C., Bou-Holaigah, I., Kan, J. S., & Calkins, H. G. (1995) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(95)90525-1 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Grubb, B. P. (2008) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.107.761643 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Hyperadrenergic Postural Tachycardia Syndrome in Mast Cell Activation Disorders
Shibao, C., Arzubiaga, C., Roberts, L. J., Raj, S., Black, B., Harris, P., & Biaggioni, I. (2005) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/01.hyp.0000158259.68614.40 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Postural Tachycardia Syndrome: Clinical Features and Follow-up Study
Sandroni, P., Opfer-Gehrking, T. L., McPhee, B. R., & Low, P. A. (1999) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.4065/74.11.1106 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
(2006) · PubMed · Cited by 190 · see citing works
How to Test and Treat Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: an Evidence-Based Approach
Rezaie, A. R., Pimentel, M., & Rao, S. S. C. (2016) · Current Gastroenterology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11894-015-0482-9 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Gastrointestinal involvement in the Ehlers–Danlos syndromes
Fikree, A., Chelimsky, G., Collins, H., Kovacic, K., & Aziz, Q. (2017) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part C: Seminars in Medical Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.c.31546 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Antiadrenergic autoimmunity in postural tachycardia syndrome
Fedorowski, A., Li, H., Yu, X., Koelsch, K. A., Harris, V. M., Liles, C., Murphy, T. A., Quadri, S. M. S., Scofield, R. H., Sutton, R., et al. (2017) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euw154 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Orthostatic Intolerance in Adolescent Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Stewart, J. M., Gewitz, M. H., Weldon, A., Arlievsky, N., Li, K., & Munoz, J. (1999) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.103.1.116 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Streeten, D. H. P., Thomas, D. F., & Bell, D. S. (2000) · The American Journal of the Medical Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0002-9629(15)40790-6 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Sleep Disturbances and Diminished Quality of Life in Postural Tachycardia Syndrome
Bagai, K., Song, Y., Ling, J. F., Malow, B., Black, B. K., Biaggioni, I., Robertson, D., & Raj, S. R. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine · doi:10.5664/jcsm.28110 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Deconditioning in patients with orthostatic intolerance
Parsaik, A., Allison, T. G., Singer, W., Sletten, D. M., Joyner, M. J., Benarroch, E. E., Low, P. A., & Sandroni, P. (2012) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e31826d5f95 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Peripheral Nervous System Manifestations of Sjögren Syndrome
Birnbaum, J. (2010) · The Neurologist · doi:10.1097/nrl.0b013e3181ebe59f · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Orthostatic headaches without CSF leak in postural tachycardia syndrome
Mokri, B., & Low, P. A. (2003) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000085868.37963.7d · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Structural and Functional Small Fiber Abnormalities in the Neuropathic Postural Tachycardia Syndrome
Gibbons, C. H., Bonyhay, I., Benson, A., Wang, N., & Freeman, R. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084716 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Reinstein, E., Pariani, M. J., Bannykh, S., Rimoin, D. L., & Schievink, W. I. (2012) · European Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1038/ejhg.2012.191 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Beckers, A. B., Keszthelyi, D., Fikree, A., Vork, L., Masclee, A., Farmer, A. D., & Aziz, Q. (2017) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/nmo.13013 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Blood Volume Perturbations in the Postural Tachycardia Syndrome
Raj, S. R., & Robertson, D. (2007) · The American Journal of the Medical Sciences · doi:10.1097/maj.0b013e318063c6c0 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Autonomic dysfunction in fibromyalgia syndrome: Postural orthostatic tachycardia
Staud, R. M. (2008) · Current Rheumatology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11926-008-0076-8 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Flanagan, E. P., Saito, Y. A., Lennon, V. A., McKeon, A. B., Fealey, R. D., Szarka, L. A., Murray, J. A., Foxx–Orenstein, A. E., Fox, J. C., & Pittock, S. J. (2014) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/nmo.12391 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Distal sudomotor findings in postural tachycardia syndrome
Peltier, A. C., Garland, E., Raj, S. R., Sato, K., Black, B., Song, Y., Wang, L., Biaggioni, I., Diedrich, A., & Robertson, D. (2010) · Clinical Autonomic Research · doi:10.1007/s10286-009-0045-y · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Orthostatic and non-orthostatic headache in postural tachycardia syndrome
Khurana, R. K., & Eisenberg, L. (2010) · Cephalalgia · doi:10.1177/0333102410382792 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Heyer, G. L., Fischer, A., Wilson, J., MacDonald, J., Cribbs, S., Ravindran, R., Pommering, T. L., & Cuff, S. (2016) · Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine · doi:10.1097/jsm.0000000000000183 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Loavenbruck, A., Iturrino, J., Singer, W., Sletten, D. M., Low, P. A., Zinsmeister, A. R., & Bharucha, A. E. (2015) · Neurogastroenterology & Motility · doi:10.1111/nmo.12480 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Kanjwal, K., Saeed, B., Karabin, B. L., Kanjwal, Y., & Grubb, B. P. (2010) · PubMed Central · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Stewart, J. M., Ocon, A. J., Clarke, D., Taneja, I., & Medow, M. S. (2009) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.108.127357 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Suresh, L., Malyavantham, K. S., Shen, L., & Ambrus, J. L. (2015) · BMC Ophthalmology · doi:10.1186/s12886-015-0023-1 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Scintigraphic Biomarkers for Colonic Dysmotility
Camilleri, M. (2010) · Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1038/clpt.2010.23 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Cognitive dysfunction in postural tachycardia syndrome
Arnold, A. C., Haman, K., Garland, E. M., Raj, V., Dupont, W. D., Biaggioni, I., Robertson, D., & Raj, S. R. (2015) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs20140251 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Nwazue, V. C., Paranjape, S. Y., Black, B. K., Biaggioni, I., Diedrich, A., Dupont, W. D., Robertson, D., & Raj, S. R. (2014) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.113.000700 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Mallien, J., Isenmann, S., Mrazek, A., & Haensch, C. (2014) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2014.00118 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Paine, P., McLaughlin, J. T., & Lal, S. (2013) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.12496 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Mustafa, H. I., Raj, S. R., Diedrich, A., Black, B. K., Paranjape, S. Y., Dupont, W. D., Williams, G. H., Biaggioni, I., & Robertson, D. (2012) · Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology · doi:10.1161/circep.111.965343 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Spectrum of Autonomic Nervous System Impairment in Sjögren Syndrome
Goodman, B. P., Crepeau, A., Dhawan, P. S., Khoury, J. A., & Harris, L. A. (2017) · The Neurologist · doi:10.1097/nrl.0000000000000134 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citationSchofield, J. R., Blitshteyn, S., Shoenfeld, Y., & Hughes, G. (2014) · Lupus · doi:10.1177/0961203314524468 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
The value of autonomic testing in postural tachycardia syndrome
Al-Shekhlee, A., Lindenberg, J. R., Hachwi, R. N., & Chelimsky, T. C. (2005) · Clinical Autonomic Research · doi:10.1007/s10286-005-0282-7 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Postural tachycardia in hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: A distinct subtype?
Miglis, M. G., Schultz, B., & Muppidi, S. (2017) · Autonomic Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2017.10.001 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Immunoresponsive Autonomic Neuropathy in Sjögren Syndrome—Case Series and Literature Review
Goodman, B. P. (2017) · American Journal of Therapeutics · doi:10.1097/mjt.0000000000000583 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationKaufman, M. R., Chang‐Kit, L., Raj, S. R., Black, B. K., Milam, D. F., Reynolds, W. S., Biaggioni, I., Robertson, D., & Dmochowski, R. R. (2017) · Neurourology and Urodynamics · doi:10.1002/nau.22971 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Manometry of the Gastrointestinal Tract: Toy or Tool?
Smout, A. J. P. M. (2001) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1080/003655201753265415 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Clinical use of manometry for the diagnosis of intestinal motor abnormalities.
Stanghellini, V., Cogliandro, R., Cogliandro, L., Giorgio, R. D., Barbara, G., Salvioli, B., & Corinaldesi, R. (2000) · Digestive and Liver Disease · doi:10.1016/s1590-8658(00)80011-0 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Robertson, D., Shannon, J. R., Biaggioni, I., Ertl, A. C., Diedrich, A., Carson, R. P., Furlan, R., Jacob, G., Jordan, J., & and the Cygnus Research Team (2000) · Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1007/s004240000353 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Stimulant medication and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: a tale of two cases
Cheshire, W. P. (2016) · Clinical Autonomic Research · doi:10.1007/s10286-016-0347-9 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Goodman, J. C. (2003) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.61.7.883 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 60 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: clinical presentation, aetiology and management
Fedorowski, A. (2019) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/joim.12852 · Cited by 352 · see citing works
Vernino, S., Bourne, K. M., Stiles, L. E., Grubb, B. P., Fedorowski, A., Stewart, J. M., Arnold, A. C., Pace, L. A., Axelsson, J., Boris, J. R., et al. (2021) · Autonomic Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2021.102828 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
“Tests that measure the integrity of the cardiovagal and peripheral vasomotor adrenergic responses will be normal in most, but not all, POTS patients (Goodman, 2018).”
Self-citationRaj, S. R., Guzman, J. C., Harvey, P., Richer, L., Schondorf, R., Seifer, C., Thibodeau-Jarry, N., & Sheldon, R. S. (2020) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2019.12.024 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Postural tachycardia syndrome – Diagnosis, physiology, and prognosis
Arnold, A. C., Ng, J., & Raj, S. R. (2018) · Autonomic Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2018.02.005 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Kucharik, A. H., & Chang, C. (2020) · Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology · doi:10.1007/s12016-019-08755-8 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Weiler, C. R., Austen, K. F., Akin, C., Barkoff, M. S., Bernstein, J. A., Bonadonna, P., Butterfield, J. H., Carter, M., Fox, C. C., Maitland, A., et al. (2019) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2019.08.023 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Fink, A. M., Bronas, U. G., & Calik, M. W. (2018) · Clinical Autonomic Research · doi:10.1007/s10286-018-0560-9 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Pharmacotherapy for postural tachycardia syndrome
Miller, A. J., & Raj, S. R. (2018) · Autonomic Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2018.04.008 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Goodman, B. P., Khoury, J. A., Blair, J. E., & Grill, M. F. (2021) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.624968 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Self-citationBlitshteyn, S., Whiteson, J. H., Abramoff, B. A., Azola, A. M., Bartels, M. N., Bhavaraju-Sanka, R. K., Chung, T., Fleming, T. K., Henning, E., Miglis, M. G., et al. (2022) · PM&R · doi:10.1002/pmrj.12894 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Kaur, D., Tiwana, H., Stino, A. M., & Sandroni, P. (2020) · Muscle & Nerve · doi:10.1002/mus.27048 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS): An Update for Clinical Practice.
Sebastian, S. A., Co, E. L., Panthangi, V., Jain, E., Ishak, A., Shah, Y., Vasavada, A., & Padda, I. (2022) · Current problems in cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2022.101384 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Adrenergic Autoantibody‐Induced Postural Tachycardia Syndrome in Rabbits
Li, H., Zhang, G.-G., Zhou, L.-P., Nuss, Z., Beel, M., Hines, B., Murphy, T., Liles, J., Zhang, L., Kem, D., et al. (2019) · Journal of the American Heart Association : Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease · doi:10.1161/jaha.119.013006 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Vestibular-autonomic interactions: beyond orthostatic dizziness
Bogle, J. M., Benarroch, E. E., & Sandroni, P. (2021) · Current Opinion in Neurology · doi:10.1097/wco.0000000000001013 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Blitshteyn, S. (2023) · Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s11910-023-01307-w · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Defining Cardiac Dysautonomia – Different Types, Overlap Syndromes; Case-based Presentations
Lakkireddy, D. (2020) · Journal of Atrial Fibrillation · doi:10.4022/jafib.2403 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Dysautonomia: a common comorbidity of systemic disease
Blitshteyn, S. (2025) · Immunologic Research · doi:10.1007/s12026-025-09661-2 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Aziz, Q., Harris, L. A., Goodman, B. P., Simrén, M., & Shin, A. (2025) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2025.02.015 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationHeadache and Autonomic Dysfunction: a Review
Iser, C. R., & Arca, K. N. (2022) · Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s11910-022-01225-3 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Hutt, E., Vajapey, R. S., Iterson, E. H. V., Jaeger, F. J., Cho, L., Ahmed, H. M., & Mayuga, K. A. (2020) · Annals of Medicine and Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.amsu.2020.06.013 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Cardiovascular Considerations in the Management of People With Suspected Long COVID
Quinn, K. L., Lam, G. Y., Walsh, J. F., Bhéreur, A., Brown, A. D., Chow, C., Chung, K. Y. C., Cowan, J., Crampton, N. H., Décary, S., et al. (2023) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2023.04.003 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome and post-acute COVID-19
Amekran, Y., Damoun, N., & Hangouche, A. J. E. (2022) · Global Cardiology Science and Practice · doi:10.21542/gcsp.2022.13 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Tao, C., Chen, S. Y., Li, H., Wang, Y., Wang, Y., Liu, P., Liao, Y., Zhang, C., Tang, C., Jin, H., et al. (2018) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2018.00343 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Autoimmunity and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: Implications in diagnosis and management
Aboseif, A., Bireley, J. D., Li, Y., Polston, D. W., & Abbatemarco, J. (2023) · Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine · doi:10.3949/ccjm.90a.22093 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Management of orthostatic intolerance in children: the state of the art
Tao, C., Jin, H., & Du, J. (2020) · World Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/s12519-019-00329-0 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Rich, E. M., Vas, A., Boyette, V., & Hollingsworth, C. (2020) · Occupational Therapy In Health Care · doi:10.1080/07380577.2020.1824303 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Cutaneous alpha‐synuclein deposition in postural tachycardia patients
Levine, T. D., Bellaire, B., Gibbons, C., & Freeman, R. (2021) · Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology · doi:10.1002/acn3.51347 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Zhang, R., Mayuga, K., Shields, R., Cantrell, C., & Wilson, R. G. (2022) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.31021 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Ohlsson, B., Dahlin, L. B., Englund, E. M., & VERESS, B. (2019) · Clinical Case Reports · doi:10.1002/ccr3.2575 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Peebles, K. C., Jacobs, C., Makaroff, L., & Pacey, V. (2024) · Autonomic Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103156 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Hamrefors, V., Fedorowski, A., & Ohlsson, B. (2019) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1080/00365521.2019.1697742 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Proconvertase Furin Is Downregulated in Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome
Spahic, J., Ricci, F., Aung, N., Axelsson, J., Melander, O., Sutton, R., Hamrefors, V., & Fedorowski, A. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00301 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome Associated with COVID-19: A Narrative Review
Park, J.-H., Park, S., Kim, N.-H., Lee, Y., Chang, Y., & Song, T.-J. (2024) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina60081325 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Functional status in postural tachycardia syndrome
Rich, E. M., Vas, A., Parsons, T. D., Krone, R. D., & Goodman, B. P. (2021) · British Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.1177/03080226211031807 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citationPostural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS): A Frequently Missed Diagnosis
George, A., & Winters, B. A. (2022) · The Journal for Nurse Practitioners · doi:10.1016/j.nurpra.2022.08.022 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Inbaraj, G., Udupa, K., Vasuki, P. P., Nalini, A., & Sathyaprabha, T. N. (2022) · Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1515/jbcpp-2022-0069 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination: A systematic review
Bushi, G., Gaidhane, S., Ballal, S., Kumar, S., Bhat, M., Sharma, S., Kumar, M., Rustagi, S., Khatib, M. N., Rai, N., et al. (2024) · BMC Cardiovascular Disorders · doi:10.1186/s12872-024-04315-x · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Non-Pharmacological and Pharmacological Management of Cardiac Dysautonomia Syndromes
Lakkireddy, D. (2019) · Journal of Atrial Fibrillation · doi:10.4022/jafib.2395 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Orthostatic Intolerance and Chiari I Malformation
Petracek, L. S., & Rowe, P. C. (2022) · Neurosurgery Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.nec.2022.09.002 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS): What do we know so far?
Noureldine, H., Hasbani, G. E., Eldine, M. N., Nour-Eldine, W., Taher, A., & Uthman, I. (2021) · Revue neurologique (Paris) · doi:10.1016/j.neurol.2021.10.006 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Blitshteyn, S. (2021) · Lupus · doi:10.1177/0961203320988585 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Fan, S.-J., Cui, Y., Liao, Y., & Jin, H.-F. (2023) · Children · doi:10.3390/children10071093 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Walsh, E. G., Bonnet, K. R., Schlundt, D. G., Kelly, E. C., Rogalski, K., Broadbent, C., Gamboa, A. C., & Birdee, G. S. (2025) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/13591053251315374 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Cy, T., Hx, L., Xy, L., Cs, T., Jin, H., & Jb, D. (2019) · PubMed Central · doi:10.19723/j.issn.1671-167x.2019.03.007 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Song, J., Tao, C., Chen, G., Chen, S. Y., Xu, W., Du, J., Yang, Y., & Huang, Y. (2020) · Frontiers in Pediatrics · doi:10.3389/fped.2020.00098 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Treatment Updates in Postural Tachycardia Syndrome
Goodman, B. P. (2020) · Current Treatment Options in Neurology · doi:10.1007/s11940-020-00643-3 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citationDaily Functionality in Adults with POTS: Predictive Factors
Vas, A., Rich, E. M., Wang, W., Patterson, M., & Parsons, T. D. (2021) · Occupational Therapy In Health Care · doi:10.1080/07380577.2021.1978032 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Awareness of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome is required in adolescent syncope
Kim, D. H., Park, J. Y., Kim, S. Y., Lee, N. M., Yi, D. Y., Yun, S. W., Lim, I. S., & Chae, S. A. (2022) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000031513 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Urological Considerations in PoTS
Tailor, V. K., & Khullar, V. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-54165-1_17 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Goosen, A., Foster-Bonds, R., & Vogel, J. M. (2024) · Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Journal · doi:10.1097/cpt.0000000000000268 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Jost, K., Rodriguez, B., Söll, N., Hoepner, R., & Z'Graggen, W. (2022) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.109373.1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Anxiety and depression moods is involved in the pathogenesis of postural tachycardia syndrome
Li, H., Shao, W., Gao, L., Han, Z., & Xiao, Y. (2025) · IBRO Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.04.001 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Autoimmune Antibodies in Orthostatic Intolerance Syndromes
Lukáčová, M., Mitro, P., Lazúrová, Z., Hijová, E., Bertková, I., & Valová, K. (2025) · Physiological Research · doi:10.33549/physiolres.935504 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Under a Spell: Neurologic Evaluation of Presyncope as a Feature of Dysautonomia
Blitshteyn, S., Chémali, K. R., & Lau, D. H. (2025) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines13112698 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Hendrickson, R. C., Cheah, C. S., Tai, M. L., Pagulayan, K. F., Liang, K. J., McCall, C., Schindler, A. G., Hart, K. L., Rosser, A. F., & Oakley, J. C. (2025) · Chronic Stress · doi:10.1177/24705470251407210 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Antenatal hydration in POTS – could technology help?
Werpachowska, E., & Quasim, S. (2018) · International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia · doi:10.1016/j.ijoa.2018.10.001 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Is PoTS an Autoimmune Condition?
Rull, G., & Lobo, M. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-54165-1_20 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Gierthmühlen, J., & Baron, R. (2020) · Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie · doi:10.1055/a-1165-7184 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Garonzi, M. P. (2022) · L'Espace Politique · doi:10.4000/espacepolitique.10568
The neuromuscular evaluation of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome
Owens, M., & Kaur, D. (2023) · Muscle and Nerve · doi:10.1002/mus.27953 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Fedorowski, A., Hamrefors, V., & Ricci, F. (2020) · Orthostatic Hypotension in Older Adults · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-62493-4_13 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Monaco, C., Sorgente, A., Ramak, R., Chierchia, G., Meir, M. L., & de Asmundis, C. (2021) · Herzschrittmachertherapie + Elektrophysiologie · doi:10.1007/s00399-021-00778-z · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Arnold, A. C., & Navarro‐Otano, J. (2021) · Clinical Autonomic Research · doi:10.1007/s10286-021-00840-3 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Anxiety and depression emotion is involved in the pathogenesis of postural tachycardia syndromePreprint
Shao, W., Li, H., Gao, L., Han, Z., & Yuan, Y. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2059525/v1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Orthostatic Hypotension Variants, POTS, and Less Well-Defined Autonomic Dysfunction
Fedorowski, A. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-44507-2_8
Clinical and autonomic characteristics in patients with postural tachycardia syndrome
Kim, D. J., Kim, J., & Kang, S. (2019) · Journal of Medicine and Life Science · doi:10.22730/jmls.2019.16.3.96
Herzrasen und Synkope bei einer 15-jährigen Jugendlichen
Klingenheben, T. (2021) · Herzschrittmachertherapie + Elektrophysiologie · doi:10.1007/s00399-021-00805-z
VanderPluym, J. H., Chadehumbe, M. A., & Pietris, N. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-83005-8.00023-9
A new light on an old condition
Struhal, W., & Hain, B. (2021) · European Heart Journal - Case Reports · doi:10.1093/ehjcr/ytab499
Factores que dificultan el diagnóstico del síndrome de taquicardia ortostática postural
Méndez, A. M. V., Córdova, A., Cáceres, C., Perdomo, A., & Rodríguez, N. (2022) · ALERTA Revista Científica del Instituto Nacional de Salud · doi:10.5377/alerta.v5i2.13369
Dysautonomia and Atopy in Pediatric Headache Patients
Feldman, D., & Williams, R. P. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-13931-4_8
Sinus Tachycardias: Inappropriate Sinus Tachycardia and Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome
Talati, A., Uppal, J., Sheldon, R. S., & Raj, S. R. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-15734-9.00016-9
Dziedzic, A., Furtak, D., Grela, W., Niewiadomska, J., Głogowska, P., Tulej, D., Marciniuk, D., Gniaź, N., Górska, A., & Marko, N. (2024) · Journal of Education Health and Sport · doi:10.12775/jehs.2024.71.56193
Beyond aldosterone and renin: emerging biomarkers for diagnosing and subtyping primary aldosteronism
Libianto, R., Uniacke, C. L., Fuller, P. J., Young, M. J., & Yang, J. (2026) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/endrev/bnag016
Rilinger, R. G., Chin, A. Y., Cantrell, C., Levine, M. A., Tidd, S. J. S., & Wilson, R. (2026) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2026.1796563
Treatment of Headache in Children and Adolescents with POTS
Nayak, K., Rahman, S., & Oakley, C. B. (2026) · Current Pain and Headache Reports · doi:10.1007/s11916-026-01516-1
POSTURAL ORTHOSTATIC TACHYCARDIA SYNDROME (POTS) IN PRIMARY CARE: DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT
Sumlet, P., Małajewicz, I., Spychalska, W., Kurasińska, W., Kolm, M., Chmielewska, Z., Drzewińska, K., Suszczyńska, W., Gofron, M., & Duliński, M. (2026) · International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science · doi:10.31435/ijitss.3(51).2026.6253
- Authors
- Goodman, B. P.
- Affiliations
- Mayo Clinic in Arizona (US)
- Corresponding author
- Goodman, Brent P.
- Venue
- Autonomic Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-12
- Volume
- 215
- Pages
- 12-19
- ISSN
- 1566-0702 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2802784698
- Cited by
- 77
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 6
- FWCI
- 2.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Autonomic Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cardiovascular Syncope and Autonomic Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Keywords
- postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, autonomic dysfunction, orthostatic intolerance, diagnostic assessment, medical history, autonomic function testing, sudomotor function, vasomotor function, joint hypermobility, exercise testing, polysomnography, gastrointestinal motility, urodynamic study
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review