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Role of visceral adipose tissue in aging
Open accessAbstract
Background Visceral fat (VF) accretion is a hallmark of aging in humans. Epidemiologic studies have implicated abdominal obesity as a major risk factor for insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome and death.Methods Studies utilizing novel rodent models of visceral obesity and surgical strategies in humans have been undertaken to determine if subcutaneous (SC) abdominal or VF are causally linked to age-related diseases.Results Specific depletion or expansion of the VF depot using genetic or surgical tools in rodents has been shown to have direct effects on disease risk. In contrast, surgically removing large quantities of SC fat does not consistently improve metabolic parameters in humans or rodents, while benefits were observed with SC fat expansion in mice, suggesting that SC fat accrual is not an important contributor to metabolic decline. There is also compelling evidence in humans that abdominal obesity is a stronger risk factor for mortality risk than general obesity. Likewise, we have shown that surgical removal of VF improves mean and maximum lifespan in rats, providing the first causal evidence that VF depletion may be an important underlying cause of improved lifespan with caloric restriction.General significance This review provides both corollary and causal evidence for the importance of accounting for body fat distribution, and specifically VF, when assessing disease and mortality risk. Given the hazards of VF accumulation on health, treatment strategies aimed at selectively depleting VF should be considered as a viable tool to effectively reduce disease risk in humans.
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“Excess nutrients (ingesting high fat and/or high glucose), chronic inflammatory state, high adiposity, IR, metabolic syndrome, and aging harm the ER function in the liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue, inducing Os [83, 91–95].”
From The critical role of oxidative stress in sarcopenic obesity (2021) · cites this paper as [95]
In the citing paper
“In the early stages of metabolic dysregulation, insulin secretion is elevated to compensate for increased glycemia (hyperinsulinemia). The high amount of insulin produced by the pancreas requires that the ER guarantee the correct folding of the hormone, which generates an ER overload and dysfunction, an unfolded protein response (UPR) overactivation, Os, and inflammation [83, 91–95].”
From The critical role of oxidative stress in sarcopenic obesity (2021) · cites this paper as [95]
In the citing paper
“Also, with aging and obesity (especially abdominal obesity), insulin sensitivity gradually decreases in skeletal muscle and adipocytes, increasing serum glucose levels and promoting ER overload and Os [83, 91–95].”
From The critical role of oxidative stress in sarcopenic obesity (2021) · cites this paper as [95]
In the citing paper
“Visceral fat accumulation is associated with many age-related diseases (Huffman and Barzilai, 2009) accompanied by the accumulation of fat in tissues such as the heart, liver and skeletal muscle which increases risk for insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease (Kuk et al., 2009).”
From Mitochondrial Activity and Dynamics Changes Regarding Metabolism in Ageing and Obesity (2017) · cites this paper as Huffman and Barzilai, 2009
In the citing paper
“Visceral fat accumulation is associated with many age-related diseases (Huffman and Barzilai, 2009) accompanied by the accumulation of fat in tissues such as the heart, liver and skeletal muscle which increases risk for insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease (Kuk et al., 2009).”
From Mitochondrial Activity and Dynamics Changes Regarding Metabolism in Ageing and Obesity (2017) · cites this paper as Huffman and Barzilai, 2009
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Fat tissue, aging, and cellular senescence
Tchkonia, T., Morbeck, D. E., Von Zglinicki, T., Van Deursen, J., Lustgarten, J., Scrable, H., Khosla, S., Jensen, M. D., & Kirkland, J. L. (2010) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/j.1474-9726.2010.00608.x · Cited by 1,094
Oxidative stress in obesity: A critical component in human diseases
Marseglia, L., Manti, S., D’Angelo, G., Nicotera, A., Parisi, E., Di Rosa, G., Gitto, E., & Arrigo, T. (2014) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms16010378 · Cited by 933
The Critical Role of Metabolic Pathways in Aging
Barzilai, N., Huffman, D. M., Muzumdar, R. H., & Bartke, A. (2012) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db11-1300 · Cited by 803
Self-citationThe Role of Adipose Tissue and Adipokines in Obesity-Related Inflammatory Diseases
Balistreri, C. R., Caruso, C., & Candore, G. (2010) · Mediators of Inflammation · doi:10.1155/2010/802078 · Cited by 576
Exercise Promotes Healthy Aging of Skeletal Muscle
Cartee, G. D., Hepple, R. T., Bamman, M. M., & Zierath, J. R. (2016) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2016.05.007 · Cited by 483
Metadata
- Authors
- Huffman, D. M., & Barzilai, N.
- Affiliations
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Barzilai, Nir
- Venue
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-10
- Volume
- 1790
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1117-1123
- ISSN
- 0304-4165 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2779572
- OpenAlex
- W2082168176
- Cited by
- 220
- References
- 89
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 1.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (P01AG021654, AG 21654, AG18381, T32AG23475, R01AG018381, R37AG018381, T32AG023475)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK20541, P60DK020541, P30DK020541)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
- Keywords
- visceral adipose tissue, aging, abdominal obesity, subcutaneous adipose tissue, body fat distribution, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, mortality risk, lifespan, caloric restriction, bariatric surgery, rodent models
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Models, Biological, Neoplasms, Intra-Abdominal Fat
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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