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Overview of caloric restriction and ageing

Masoro, Edward J.·2005·Mechanisms of Ageing and Development
DOI 10.1016/j.mad.2005.03.012
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Abstract

It has been known for some 70 years that restricting the food intake of laboratory rats extends their mean and maximum life span. In addition, such life extension has been observed over the years in many other species, including mice, hamsters, dogs, fish, invertebrate animals, and yeast. Since this life-extending action appears to be due to a restricted intake of energy, this dietary manipulation is referred to as caloric restriction (CR). CR extends life by slowing and/or delaying the ageing processes. The underlying biological mechanism responsible for the life extension is still not known, although many hypotheses have been proposed. The Growth Retardation Hypothesis, the first proposed, has been tested and found wanting. Although there is strong evidence against the Reduction of Body Fat Hypothesis, efforts have recently been made to resurrect it. While the Reduction of Metabolic Rate Hypothesis is not supported by experimental findings, it nevertheless still has advocates. Currently, the most popular concept is the Oxidative Damage Attenuation Hypothesis; the results of several studies provide support for this hypothesis, while those of other studies do not. The Altered Glucose-Insulin System Hypothesis and the Alteration of the Growth Hormone-IGF-1 Axis Hypothesis have been gaining favor, and data have emerged that link these two hypotheses as one. Thus, it may now be more appropriate to refer to them as the Attenuation of Insulin-Like Signaling Hypothesis. Finally, th…

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  • Diet restriction and dwarf mutations extend lifespan in rodents.

    “Beneficial effects of diet restriction (DR)21 and dwarf mutations, both of which extend lifespan in rodents, may to some degree result from repression of the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway22,23.”

    From Rapamycin fed late in life extends lifespan in genetically heterogeneous mice (2009) · cites this paper as [21]

  • In most reports, diet restriction produces little if any benefit if started after about 550 days of age.

    “Our demonstration that rapamycin feeding increases lifespan even when started late in life, as well as the absence of changes in body weight (data not shown), distinguish our results from studies using DR; in all cases DR reduces body weight, and in most reports21, though not all24, DR produces little if any benefit if started after about 550 days of age.”

    From Rapamycin fed late in life extends lifespan in genetically heterogeneous mice (2009) · cites this paper as [21]

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Authors
Masoro, E. J.
Venue
Mechanisms of Ageing and Development
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2005-09
Volume
126
Issue
9
Pages
913-922
ISSN
0047-6374
DOI
10.1016/j.mad.2005.03.012
Cited by
879
References
5
Language
en
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)

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