Cited by 125Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative StressRetinoids in leukemia and cellular processesPlant biochemistry and biosynthesis

Mammalian Carotenoid-oxygenases: Key players for carotenoid function and homeostasis

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Lobo, Glenn P., Amengual, Jaume, Palczewski, Grzegorz, Babino, Darwin, von Lintig, Johannes·2012·Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids

Abstract

Humans depend on a dietary intake of lipids to maintain optimal health. Among various classes of dietary lipids, the physiological importance of carotenoids is still controversially discussed. On one hand, it is well established that carotenoids, such as β,β-carotene, are a major source for vitamin A that plays critical roles for vision and many aspects of cell physiology. On the other hand, large clinical trials have failed to show clear health benefits of carotenoids supplementation and even suggest adverse health effects in individuals at risk of disease. In recent years, key molecular players for carotenoid metabolism have been identified, including an evolutionarily well conserved family of carotenoid-oxygenases. Studies in knockout mouse models for these enzymes revealed that carotenoid metabolism is a highly regulated process and that this regulation already takes place at the level of intestinal absorption. These studies also provided evidence that β,β-carotene conversion can influence retinoid-dependent processes in the mouse embryo and in adult tissues. Moreover, these analyses provide an explanation for adverse health effects of carotenoids by showing that a pathological accumulation of these compounds can induce oxidative stress in mitochondria and cell signaling pathways related to disease. Advancing knowledge about carotenoid metabolism will contribute to a better understanding of the biochemical and physiological roles of these important micronutrients in health and disease. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Retinoid and Lipid Metabolism.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.04.010

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  • CCOs cleave the carotenoid polyene backbone with high stereoselectivity and regioselectivity.

    “CCOs are characterized by their ability to cleave the carotenoid polyene backbone with high stereoselectivity and regioselectivity, thus cleaving only selected polyenes at specific sites leaving specific products with very high fidelity [13,14,15].”

    From Vitamin A Transporters in Visual Function: A Mini Review on Membrane Receptors for Dietary Vitamin A Uptake, Storage, and Transport to the Eye (2021) · cites this paper as [13]

    The section “Mammalian genomes encode three different CCE family members” says BCMO1 and BCDO2 cleave distinct bonds in the carotenoid polyene backbone and describes their substrate specificity, supporting regioselective cleavage. The section “Out of the green wild yonder” discusses cis–trans isomerization, but does not establish high stereoselectivity of the cleavage reaction; in mammals, it assigns cleavage and isomerization to different enzymes. No page numbers are available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.85)

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  • BCO1 catalyzes the cleavage of β-carotene taken in through SCARB1 into two molecules of retinal through symmetrical cleavage.

    “In the β-carotene metabolic pathway, BCO1 catalyzes the cleavage of β-carotene taken in through SCARB1 into two molecules of retinal through symmetrical cleavage of β-carotene.”

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. [59]Leung WC Hessel S Meplan C Flint J Oberhauser V Tourniaire F Hesketh JE von Lintig J Lietz G Two common single nucleotide polymorphisms in the gene encoding {beta}-carotene 15,15′-monoxygenase alter {beta}-carotene metabolism in female volunteers Faseb J 2008 19103647

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Authors
Lobo, G. P., Amengual, J., Palczewski, G., Babino, D., & von Lintig, J.
Affiliations
Case Western Reserve University (US)
Venue
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2012-01
Volume
1821
Issue
1
Pages
78-87
ISSN
1388-1981 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2046674715
Cited by
125
References
125
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 13
FWCI
1.01
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Health (EY019641)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Retinoids in leukemia and cellular processes
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
Keywords
carotenoid metabolism, vitamin A, retinoids, intestinal absorption, knockout mouse models, oxidative stress, mitochondrial stress, carotenoid accumulation, dietary carotenoids, carotenoid supplementation
MeSH terms
Animals, Carotenoids, Homeostasis, Humans, Intestinal Absorption, Liver, Mitochondria, Liver, Oxygenases, Vitamin A, Signal Transduction, Mice, Knockout, Oxidative Stress, beta-Carotene 15,15'-Monooxygenase, Mice

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