Stressor-specific alterations in corticosterone and immune responses in mice
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Different stressors likely elicit different physiological and behavioral responses. Previously reported differences in the effects of stressors on immune function may reflect qualitatively different physiological responses to stressors; alternatively, both large and subtle differences in testing protocols and methods among laboratories may make direct comparisons among studies difficult. Here we examine the effects of chronic stressors on plasma corticosterone concentrations, leukocyte redistribution, and skin delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), and the effects of acute stressors on plasma corticosterone and leukocyte redistribution. The effects of several commonly used laboratory stressors including restraint, forced swim, isolation, and low ambient temperatures (4 degrees C) were examined. Exposure to each stressor elevated corticosterone concentrations, with restraint (a putative psychological stressor) evoking a significantly higher glucocorticoid response than other stressors. Chronic restraint and forced swim enhanced the DTH response compared to the handled, low temperature, or isolation conditions. Restraint, low temperature, and isolation significantly increased trafficking of lymphocytes and monocytes compared to forced swim or handling. Generally, acute restraint, low temperature, isolation, and handling increased trafficking of lymphocytes and monocytes. Considered together, our results suggest that the different stressors commonly used in psychoneuroimmunology research may not activate the physiological stress response to the same extent. The variation observed in the measured immune responses may reflect differential glucocorticoid activation, differential metabolic adjustments, or both processes in response to specific stressors.
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The HPA-axis and the inflammatory arm of the immune system respond and habituate differently to various types of stressors.
“Notably, the HPA-axis and inflammatory arm of the immune system respond and habituate differently to various types of stressors (Bowers et al., 2008; Kant et al., 1985; Kuhlman et al., 2014; Pacák, 1999; Pacák et al., 1998, 1995; Sheridan and McLaughlin, 2014; Weiner,”
From Developmental psychoneuroendocrine and psychoneuroimmune pathways from childhood adversity to disease (2017) · cites this paper as Bowers et al., 2008
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- Authors
- Bowers, S. L., Bilbo, S. D., Dhabhar, F. S., & Nelson, R. J.
- Affiliations
- The Ohio State University (US)
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Nelson, Randy J.
- Venue
- Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-01
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 105-113
- ISSN
- 0889-1591 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2175078
- OpenAlex
- W1994862644
- Cited by
- 222
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 5.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Brain Behavior and Immunity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH066144, MH-66144)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (P01NS020020)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Cancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Keywords
- stressor specificity, corticosterone, glucocorticoid response, immune function, delayed-type hypersensitivity, lymphocyte migration, monocyte trafficking, restraint stress, forced swim test, social isolation, cold stress, handling, chronic stress, acute stress, psychoneuroimmunology
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Chronic Disease, Cold Temperature, Corticosterone, Handling, Psychological, Hypersensitivity, Delayed, Leukocyte Count, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Monocytes, Osmolar Concentration, Restraint, Physical, Skin, Social Isolation, Stress, Physiological, Swimming, Volition, Mice
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