MicroRNAs mediating CNS inflammation: Small regulators with powerful potential
Open accessAbstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of small non-coding RNAs (~22 nucleotides) that fine-tune protein expression by either silencing mRNA translation or directly targeting gene transcripts for degradation. In the central nervous system (CNS), neuroinflammation plays a critical role in brain injury and neurodegeneration. Increasing evidence supports the involvement of miRNAs as key regulators of neuroinflammation. Altered expression or function of particular miRNAs has been identified in various CNS pathological conditions, including neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and autoimmune diseases. Several miRNAs have been shown to play a critical role in the microglia-mediated inflammatory response including miR-155 and miR-146a. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the field of miRNAs associated with CNS inflammation, including our studies of unique inflammatory pathways involving miR-155 and miR-146a. We discuss how specific miRNAs influence microglia activation states in response to inflammatory stimuli, and describe the potential of miRNAs as both biomarkers of inflammation and therapeutic tools for the modulation of microglia behavior.
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miRNAs influence the timing and amplitude of innate immune responses.
“As powerful epigenetic modulators of gene expression, miRNAs influence the timing and amplitude of the innate immune responses [15].”
From Microglia specific deletion of miR-155 in Alzheimer’s disease mouse models reduces amyloid-β pathology but causes hyperexcitability and seizures (2023) · cites this paper as [15]
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- Authors
- Su, W., Aloi, M. S., & Garden, G. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- Corresponding author
- Garden, Gwenn A.
- Venue
- Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-02
- Volume
- 52
- Pages
- 1-8
- ISSN
- 0889-1591 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5030842
- OpenAlex
- W777251687
- Cited by
- 139
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 3
- FWCI
- 1.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Brain Behavior and Immunity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R01NS073848, T32GM095421)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Keywords
- microRNA, neuroinflammation, microglial activation, miR-155, miR-146a, neurodegeneration, autoimmune disease, biomarkers of inflammation, miRNA-based therapy, inflammatory signaling
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Central Nervous System Diseases, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Inflammation, Biomarkers, Microglia, MicroRNAs
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