An analysis of the dentate gyrus function
Abstract
In this review article the emphasis will be on the role of the DG (dorsal and ventral) in supporting memory based on the operation of specific processes. Based on the development of computational models of dorsal dentate gyrus (dDG) and behavioral evidence based on dysfunction of dDG, this review will show that the dDG mediates mnemonic processing of spatial information. The processes subserved by dDG include (a) the operation of conjunctive encoding of multiple sensory inputs, implying an integration of sensory inputs to determine a spatial representation, and (b) pattern separation of spatial (especially metric) information, involving the reduction of interference between similar spatial locations (c) pattern separation of context (d) importance of context in object recognition, and (e) temporal integration and remote memory and spatial pattern separation based in part on neurogenesis. In addition the ventral dentate gyrus (vDG) mediates mnemonic processing of odor information as indicated by odor pattern separation.
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The dentate gyrus is one of the two principal neurogenic niches, where stem cells can differentiate into neuroblasts that have the potential to migrate to sites of injury in a potential compensatory neural repair role.
“The dentate gyrus is also one of the two principal neurogenic niches, where stem cells can differentiate into neuroblasts that have the potential to migrate to sites of injury in a potential compensatory neural repair role [42, 43].”
From Pharmacological modulation of TSPO in microglia/macrophages and neurons in a chronic neurodegenerative model of prion disease (2023) · cites this paper as [43]
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“Studies specifically designed to test subregions of the hippocampus have indicated that the DG participates in spatial pattern separation (Rolls & Kesner, 2006; Kesner, 2013; Kesner & Rolls, 2015).”
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Vicente-Rodríguez, M., Mancuso, R., Peris-Yague, A., Simmons, C., NIMA Consortium, Wlazly, D., Dickinson, A., Foster, A., Knight, C., Leckey, C., et al. (2023) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-023-02769-y · Cited by 17 · see citing works
“The dentate gyrus is also one of the two principal neurogenic niches, where stem cells can differentiate into neuroblasts that have the potential to migrate to sites of injury in a potential compensatory neural repair role [42, 43].”
Background
- Authors
- Kesner, R. P.
- Affiliations
- University of Utah (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kesner, Raymond P.
- Venue
- Behavioural Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-10
- Volume
- 254
- Pages
- 1-7
- ISSN
- 0166-4328 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2082276802
- Cited by
- 148
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 6
- FWCI
- 1.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Behavioural Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Keywords
- dentate gyrus, dorsal dentate gyrus, ventral dentate gyrus, spatial memory, pattern separation, sensory integration, spatial representation, contextual memory, object recognition, temporal integration, remote memory, adult neurogenesis, olfactory memory
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Memory, Dentate Gyrus, Neurogenesis
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