Eicosapentaenoic acid promotes thermogenic and fatty acid storage capacity in mouse subcutaneous adipocytes
Abstract
In this study, we determined if eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) promotes beneficial metabolic activities of subcutaneous adipocytes. Stromal-vascular (SV) cells were isolated from inguinal adipose tissue of C57BL/6 mice and induced to differentiate into adipocytes. EPA effect on thermogenic and mitochondrial gene expression and oxidative metabolism were assessed in inguinal adipocytes. When added to SV cell cultures during 8 day differentiation, EPA significantly increased the expression of thermogenic genes UCP1-3, CIDEA and VEGFα. Moreover, EPA increased mitochondrial DNA content and the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis including PGC1α, Nrf1 and COXiv. However, this effect was not perceived when EPA was added to mature inguinal adipocytes for 24h, suggesting that EPA exerts its browning effect via recruiting brite adipocytes. Consistently, long-term EPA treatment also upregulated AMPKα phosphorylation and CPT1 expression and increased glucose uptake and GLUT4 mRNA expression, suggesting improved mitochondrial oxidation. Additionally, EPA-treated adipocytes had enlarged lipid droplets and increased expression of triglyceride synthesis genes GPAT1 and GPAT3, while significantly decreased glycerol release and down-regulation of HSL and ATGL gene expression. We conclude that EPA enhances energy dissipation capacity by recruiting brite adipocytes to stimulate oxidative metabolism and reduces fatty acid release by facilitating fatty acid storage in subcutaneous adipocytes.
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PUFAs such as EPA and DHA stimulate UCP1 expression and adaptive non-shivering or diet-induced thermogenesis in brown adipocytes, as well as browning of WAT in C57BL/6 mice, Sprague-Dawley rats, and overweight humans.
“PUFAs such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) also stimulate UCP1 expression and thus adaptive non-shivering or diet-induced thermogenesis in brown adipocytes, as well as the browning of the white adipose tissue (WAT) in C57BL/6 mice [67,68], Sprague-Dawley rats [69,70], and overweight humans [71].”
From Mitochondrial Uncoupling: A Key Controller of Biological Processes in Physiology and Diseases (2019) · cites this paper as [68]
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“PUFAs such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) also stimulate UCP1 expression and thus adaptive non-shivering or diet-induced thermogenesis in brown adipocytes, as well as the browning of the white adipose tissue (WAT) in C57BL/6 mice [67,68], Sprague-Dawley rats [69,70], and overweight human…”
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- Authors
- Zhao, M., & Chen, X.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Corresponding author
- Chen, Xiaoli
- ORCID
- Zhao, Ming
- Venue
- Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-08
- Volume
- 450
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1446-1451
- ISSN
- 0006-291X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2160787227
- Cited by
- 80
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 3
- FWCI
- 4.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Keywords
- eicosapentaenoic acid, subcutaneous adipocytes, thermogenesis, brown adipose tissue browning, mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative metabolism, AMPK, fatty acid storage, lipid droplets, triglyceride synthesis, stromal vascular cells, omega-3 fatty acids, energy dissipation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cells, Cultured, Fatty Acids, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Eicosapentaenoic Acid, Blotting, Western, Gene Expression, Adipocytes, Thermogenesis, Mice, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
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