Brown fat thermogenesis in rats fed high-fat diets enriched with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

Oudart, H; Groscolas, R; Calgari, C; Nibbelink, M; Leray, C; Le Maho, Y; Malan, A

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0800500

Cited by 110Adipose Tissue and MetabolismFatty Acid Research and HealthLipid metabolism and biosynthesis

Brown fat thermogenesis in rats fed high-fat diets enriched with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

Oudart, H, Groscolas, R, Calgari, C, Nibbelink, M, Leray, C, Le Maho, Y, Malan, A·1997·International Journal of Obesity

DOI 10.1038/sj.ijo.0800500

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Abstract

Objective To examine the possible involvement of an increase in diet-induced thermogenesis from brown adipose tissue (BAT) in the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) induced limitation of the development of white fat pads during high-fat feeding.Design Rats fed for four weeks on a low-fat/high-carbohydrate diet (C group) or high-fat diet without n-3 PUFA (REF group), with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA group), with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA group) or with a mixture of these two fatty acids (MIX group).Measurements Epididymal and retroperitoneal fat pad mass, BAT composition, Guanosine 5'-diphosphate (GDP) binding and uncoupling protein (UCP) content were measured in the five groups of rats.Results The masses of retroperitoneal and epididymal white fat pads were lower in the groups fed n-3 PUFA than in the C and REF groups. The total BAT GDP binding was 1.6 times higher in the MIX and EPA groups than in the REF group. The BAT from the EPA group presented an enrichment in mitochondria compared to the C and REF groups whereas the BAT from the DHA and REF groups presented a hyperplasia and an increase in thermogenic activity of the mitochondria compared to the C group. The higher thermogenic activity of BAT was observed in the MIX group and is due to hyperplasia and to an increase in thermogenic activity of mitochondria.Conclusions n-3 PUFA induce a marked stimulation of BAT thermogenic activity without changes in the UCP content compared to a high-fat diet without n-3 PUFA. The mixture of EPA and DHA has the more pronounced effect while EPA and DHA seem to act in synergy on BAT thermogenesis via different mechanisms.

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PUFAs such as EPA and DHA stimulate UCP1 expression and adaptive non-shivering or diet-induced thermogenesis in brown adipocytes, as well as browning of WAT in C57BL/6 mice, Sprague-Dawley rats, and overweight humans.
“PUFAs such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) also stimulate UCP1 expression and thus adaptive non-shivering or diet-induced thermogenesis in brown adipocytes, as well as the browning of the white adipose tissue (WAT) in C57BL/6 mice [67,68], Sprague-Dawley rats [69,70], and overweight humans [71].”
From Mitochondrial Uncoupling: A Key Controller of Biological Processes in Physiology and Diseases (2019) · cites this paper as [69]

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Authors: Oudart, H., Groscolas, R., Calgari, C., Nibbelink, M., Leray, C., Le Maho, Y., & Malan, A.
Affiliations: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
Venue: International Journal of Obesity
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 1997-11
Volume: 21
Issue: 11
Pages: 955-962
ISSN: 0307-0565 (ISSN-L)
1476-5497
DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0800500
OpenAlex: W1976676611
Cited by: 110
References: 41
Citations by year: 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 1
FWCI: 2.85
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: International Journal of Obesity (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
Keywords: brown adipose tissue, thermogenesis, omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, high-fat diet, white adipose tissue, retroperitoneal fat, epididymal adipose tissue, uncoupling proteins, mitochondrial thermogenesis, adipose tissue hyperplasia
MeSH terms: Adipose Tissue, Animals, Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Adipose Tissue, Brown, Energy Intake, Electron Transport Complex IV, Dietary Fats, Hot Temperature, Male, Proteins, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Rats, Wistar, Lipid Metabolism, Rats

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Brown fat thermogenesis in rats fed high-fat diets enriched with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

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