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Cited by 74Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesAdipose Tissue and MetabolismLipid metabolism and biosynthesis

Transcriptomics applied to obesity and caloric restriction

Viguerie, N., Poitou, C., Cancello, R., Stich, V., Clément, K., Langin, D.·2005·Biochimie
DOI 10.1016/j.biochi.2004.12.011
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Abstract

Caloric restriction still remains the most efficient way to promote weight loss. Deciphering the molecular basis of adaptation to energy restriction is critical for the tailoring of new therapeutic strategies. This review focuses on the recent input of gene profiling on adipose tissue in obesity pathogenesis and on the new insights on adaptations occurring during very low caloric diet (VLCD) in humans. Hypocaloric diets improve a wide range of metabolic parameters including lipolytic efficiency, insulin sensitivity, and inflammatory profile. In the subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT) the VLCD induced a decrease in the mRNA levels for the antilipolytic alpha2-adrenergic receptor associated with changes in catecholamine-induced adipocyte lipolytic capacity. The improvement in insulin sensitivity was not associated with a change in subcutaneous adipose tissue adiponectin gene expression or in its plasma level, suggesting that adiponectin is not involved in the regulation of VLCD-induced improvement of insulin sensitivity and that there is a small contribution of subcutaneous adipose tissue to plasma adiponectin levels. Pangenomic microarray studies in human scWAT revealed that a panel of inflammatory markers and acute phase reactants were over expressed in obese compared to lean subjects. Caloric restriction improved the inflammatory profile of obese subjects through a decrease of pro-inflammatory factors and an increase of anti-inflammatory molecules. These genes were mostly expressed in the stroma vascular fraction of the adipose tissue. Specific cell-type isolation and immunohistochemistry demonstrated that monocyte/macrophage lineage cells were responsible for the expression of both mRNA and protein inflammatory markers. The acute phase proteins serum amyloid A was highly expressed in mature adipocytes from obese subjects. Caloric restriction decreased both serum amyloid mRNA and circulating levels. Obesity now clearly appears as chronic low-grade inflammation state. Modulation of the inflammatory pathways may represent new therapeutic targets for the treatment of obesity-related complications.

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  • In obese human subjects, large-scale transcriptomic analyses of WAT led mostly to description of inflammatory changes and produced extensive lists of regulated genes involved in a number of biological functions.

    “In obese human subjects, large-scale transcriptomic analyses of WAT, in stable weight conditions or during weight loss, led mostly to the description of inflammatory changes and produced extensive lists of regulated genes involved in a number of biological functions [14].”

    From Adipose tissue transcriptomic signature highlights the pathological relevance of extracellular matrix in human obesity (2008) · cites this paper as [14]

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Authors
Viguerie, N., Poitou, C., Cancello, R., Stich, V., Clément, K., & Langin, D.
Affiliations
  • Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (FR)
  • Inserm (FR)
Corresponding author
Viguerie, N.
ORCID
Venue
Biochimie
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2005-01
Volume
87
Issue
1
Pages
117-123
ISSN
  • 0037-9042 (ISSN-L)
  • 0300-9084
DOI
10.1016/j.biochi.2004.12.011
OpenAlex
W2087827553
Cited by
74
References
41
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
FWCI
1.56
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Biochimie (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
Keywords
obesity, caloric restriction, adipose tissue gene expression, subcutaneous white adipose tissue, adiponectin, insulin sensitivity, lipolysis, alpha2-adrenoceptors, catecholamines, adipose tissue inflammation, monocytes/macrophages, serum amyloid A, acute phase proteins, weight loss
MeSH terms
Adipose Tissue, Animals, Energy Metabolism, Humans, Inflammation, Obesity, Weight Loss, Gene Expression Profiling, Caloric Restriction, Proteomics, Mice

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