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Cited by 761Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesCardiovascular Disease and AdiposityAdipose Tissue and Metabolism

Minireview: Adiposity, Inflammation, and Atherogenesis

Lyon, Christopher J., Law, Ronald E., Hsueh, Willa A.·2003·Endocrinology
DOI 10.1210/en.2003-0285
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Abstract

Adipose tissue is a dynamic endocrine organ that secretes a number of factors that are increasingly recognized to contribute to systemic and vascular inflammation. Several of these factors, collectively referred to as adipokines, have now been shown regulate, directly or indirectly, a number of the processes that contribute to the development of atherosclerosis, including hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance, and vascular remodeling. Several adipokines are preferentially expressed in visceral adipose tissue, and the secretion of proinflammatory adipokines is elevated with increasing adiposity. Not surprisingly, approaches that reduce adipose tissue depots, including surgical fat removal, exercise, and reduced caloric intake, improve proinflammatory adipokine levels and reduce the severity of their resultant pathologies. Systemic adipokine levels can also be favorably altered by treatment with several of the existing drug classes used to treat insulin resistance, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia. Greater understanding of adipokine regulation, however, should result in the design of improved treatment strategies to control disease states associated with increase adiposity, an important outcome in view of the growing worldwide epidemic of obesity.

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  • Higher aortic pulse-wave velocity, a measure of aortic stiffness, strongly correlates with increases in BMI, waist circumference and waist-hip ratio independent of systolic blood pressure, race, and sex.

    “Moreover, higher aortic pulse-wave velocity, a measure of aortic stiffness, strongly correlates with increases in BMI, waist circumference and waist-hip ratio independent of systolic blood pressure, race, and sex19,20.”

    From Obesity-Induced Hypertension: Interaction of Neurohumoral and Renal Mechanisms (2015) · cites this paper as [20]

  • Excess visceral fat is an important source of cytokines and other factors that create a milieu of oxidative stress and inflammation that contributes to endothelial dysfunction, vascular stiffening, and eventually atherosclerosis.

    “There is evidence that excess visceral fat is an important source of cytokines and other factors that create a milieu of oxidative stress and inflammation that contributes to endothelial dysfunction, vascular stiffening, and eventually atherosclerosis20.”

    From Obesity-Induced Hypertension: Interaction of Neurohumoral and Renal Mechanisms (2015) · cites this paper as [20]

  • White adipose tissue contributes to systemic inflammation by producing biomolecules, including pro-inflammatory mediators, whose synthesis is altered along with expansion of the adipose tissue.

    “White adipose tissue (WAT), now considered as a pivotal endocrine organ, contributes to the systemic inflammation by producing biomolecules, including pro-inflammatory mediators, whose estimated number grows constantly and whose synthesis is altered along with the expansion of the adipose tissue [6,7].”

    From Adipose tissue transcriptomic signature highlights the pathological relevance of extracellular matrix in human obesity (2008) · cites this paper as [7]

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Authors
Lyon, C. J., Law, R. E., & Hsueh, W. A.
Affiliations
University of California, Los Angeles (US)
Corresponding author
Hsueh, Willa A.
ORCID
Venue
Endocrinology
Publisher
The Endocrine Society
Published
2003-06-01
Volume
144
Issue
6
Pages
2195-2200
ISSN
  • 0013-7227 (ISSN-L)
  • 1945-7170
DOI
10.1210/en.2003-0285
OpenAlex
W1981444005
Cited by
761
References
121
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 39 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 37
FWCI
9.73
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (1P01 HIG0030-01A1)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
Keywords
adiposity, adipokines, atherosclerosis, vascular inflammation, visceral adipose tissue, obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, vascular remodeling, bariatric surgery, physical activity, caloric restriction, anti-inflammatory agents, hypercholesterolemia
MeSH terms
Adipose Tissue, Animals, Arteriosclerosis, Humans, Obesity, Vasculitis

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