Where there is depression, there is inflammation… sometimes!
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Some studies have failed to find an association between depression and inflammation.
“and some studies have failed to find an association between depression and inflammation.[7][8][9]”
There is wide variability in the levels of inflammation observed in depressed individuals.
“However, there is wide variability in the levels of inflammation observed in depressed individuals, and some studies have failed to find an association between depression and inflammation.[7][8][9]”
Inflammation may be elevated in only a subset of depressed patients.
“and inflammation may be elevated in only a subset of depressed patients.[9]”
Cites
Anda, R. F., Felitti, V. J., Bremner, J. D., Walker, J. D., Whitfield, C., Perry, B. D., Dube, S. R., & Giles, W. H. (2006) · European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-005-0624-4 · Cited by 4,292 · see citing works
Cytokines sing the blues: inflammation and the pathogenesis of depression
Raison, C. L., Capuron, L., & Miller, A. H. (2006) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2005.11.006 · Cited by 3,009 · see citing works
Physiology and immunology of the cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway
Tracey, K. J. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci30555 · Cited by 1,563 · see citing works
Paroxetine for the prevention of depression induced by high-dose interferon alfa.
Musselman, D. L., Lawson, D. H., Gumnick, J. F., Manatunga, A. K., Penna, S., Goodkin, R. S., Greiner, K., Nemeroff, C. B., & Miller, A. H. (2001) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200103293441303 · Cited by 1,120 · see citing works
Pace, T. W. W., Mletzko, T. C., Alagbe, O., Musselman, D. L., Nemeroff, C. B., Miller, A. H., & Heim, C. M. (2006) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2006.163.9.1630 · Cited by 810 · see citing works
Maes, M., Meltzer, H. Y., Bosmans, E., Bergmans, R., Vandoolaeghe, E., Ranjan, R., & Desnyder, R. (1995) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/0165-0327(95)00028-l · Cited by 622 · see citing works
Penninx, B. W. J. H., Kritchevsky, S. B., Yaffe, K. S., Newman, A. B., Simonsick, E. M., Rubin, S. M., Ferrucci, L., Harris, T. B., & Pahor, M. (2003) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01811-5 · Cited by 530 · see citing works
Clinical depression and regulation of the inflammatory response during acute stress
Miller, G. E., Rohleder, N., Stetler, C., & Kirschbaum, C. (2005) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000174172.82428.ce · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Self-citationPanagiotakos, D. B. (2004) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ehj.2004.01.018 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Frasure‐Smith, N., Lespérance, F., Irwin, M. R., Sauvé, C., Lespérance, J., & Théroux, P. (2007) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.09.029 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Parissis, J., Adamopoulos, S. N., Rigas, A., Kostakis, G., Karatzas, D., Venetsanou, K. F., & Kremastinos, D. T. (2004) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.07.127 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Cellular Immunity to Varicella‐Zoster Virus in Patients with Major Depression
Irwin, M. R., Costlow, C., Williams, H., Artin, K. H., Chan, C. Y., Stinson, D., Levin, M. J., Hayward, A. R., & Oxman, M. N. (1998) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/514272 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Imaizumi, M., Briard, E., Zoghbi, S. S., Gourley, J. P., Hong, J. S., Musachio, J. L., Gladding, R. L., Pike, V. W., Innis, R. B., & Fujita, M. (2007) · Synapse · doi:10.1002/syn.20394 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
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Miller, G. E., Chen, E., & Parker, K. J. (2011) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0024768 · Cited by 1,785 · see citing works
Self-citationInflammation: Depression Fans the Flames and Feasts on the Heat
Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K., Derry, H. M., & Fagundes, C. P. (2015) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.15020152 · Cited by 844 · see citing works
Depression and coronary heart disease
Carney, R. M., & Freedland, K. E. (2017) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2016.181 · Cited by 705 · see citing works
Close relationships, inflammation, and health
Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K., Gouin, J.-P., & Hantsoo, L. (2010) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2009.09.003 · Cited by 480 · see citing works
Jesulola, E., Micalos, P., & Baguley, I. J. (2018) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2017.12.025 · Cited by 379 · see citing works
Clustering of depression and inflammation in adolescents previously exposed to childhood adversity
Miller, G. E., & Cole, S. W. (2012) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.02.034 · Cited by 331 · see citing works
Self-citationO'Donovan, A., Rush, G., Hoatam, G., Hughes, B. M., McCrohan, A., Kelleher, C., O'Farrelly, C., & Malone, K. M. (2013) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22087 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Rush, G., O’Donovan, A., Nagle, L., Conway, C., McCrohan, A., O’Farrelly, C., Lucey, J. V., & Malone, K. M. (2016) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.06.035 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Sbarra, D. A. (2009) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e3181b4c4f2 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Chang, C.-C., Tzeng, N.-S., Kao, Y.-C., Yeh, C.-B., & Chang, H.-A. (2017) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.08.076 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
de Voogd, J. N., Wempe, J. B., Postema, K., van Sonderen, E., Ranchor, A. V., Coyne, J. C., & Sanderman, R. (2009) · Annals of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s12160-009-9105-8 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Trajectories of relationship stress and inflammatory processes in adolescence
Ehrlich, K. B., Miller, G. E., Rohleder, N., & Adam, E. K. (2016) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579415000334 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Glassman, A. H., & Miller, G. E.
- Affiliations
- New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
- University of British Columbia (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Glassman, Alexander H.
- ORCID
- Miller, Gregory E.
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-08
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 280-281
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2126572664
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 13
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 4
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- depression, inflammation, interleukin-6, cytokines, coronary artery disease, vascular comorbidities, melanoma, soluble IL-6 receptor
- MeSH terms
- Coronary Artery Disease, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Cytokines, Inflammation Mediators
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