Vibrotactile detection thresholds for chest skin of amputees following targeted reinnervation surgery
Abstract
Recent advances in the design of prosthetic arms have helped upper limb amputees achieve greater levels of function. However, control of upper limb prostheses is limited by the lack of sensory feedback to the user. Targeted reinnervation, a novel surgical technique for amputees, offers the potential for returning this lost sensation. During targeted reinnervation surgery, truncated nerves are directed to reinnervate new muscle and skin sites. Contractions of reinnervated muscles generate electrical signals that are used to control prosthetic arms. In addition, stimulation of reinnervated skin is perceived on the missing limb. Vibration detection thresholds were measured at four frequencies on the reinnervated chest skin of three shoulder-level amputees following targeted reinnervation surgery. Thresholds were also measured on the contralateral chest and arm skin of these amputees, as well as on the chest and arm skin of a control population. Vibrations applied to reinnervated skin were perceived at various locations on the missing arm and hand. Thresholds for the reinnervated chest skin were generally within the range of values measured on the chests of the control population. For the two unilateral amputees, these thresholds were similar to measures on their contralateral chests, but greater than measures on their contralateral hands. Targeted reinnervation appears to result in near-normal vibration-detection ability with respect to the target tissue, suggesting the functional reinnervation of mechanoreceptors by the reinnervating afferents. The functional limb sensation following targeted reinnervation could be used to provide prosthesis users with a sense of touch.
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Using TR, sensation in the hand evoked by reinnervated chest skin along with touch, temperature, pain, and limited graded force discrimination have been demonstrated.
“Using TR, sensation in the hand as evoked by a reinnervated chest skin along with other senses like touch, temperature, pain, and a limited graded force discrimination have been demonstrated (Kuiken et al., 2007b; Marasco et al., 2009, 2011; Schultz et al., 2009; Sensinger et al., 2009).”
From Selectivity and Longevity of Peripheral-Nerve and Machine Interfaces: A Review. (2017) · cites this paper as Schultz et al., 2009
The sensitivity of the reinnervated skin is comparable to that of intact skin and the elicited sensations are natural.
“However, the sensitivity of the reinnervated skin is comparable to that of intact skin and the elicited sensations are natural (Marasco et al. 2009;Schultz et al., 2009).”
From Biomimetic approaches to bionic touch through a peripheral nerve interface (2015) · cites this paper as Schultz et al., 2009
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- Authors
- Schultz, A. E., Marasco, P. D., & Kuiken, T. A.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern University (US)
- Shirley Ryan AbilityLab (US)
- Corresponding author
- Schultz, Aimee E.
- Venue
- Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-01
- Volume
- 1251
- Pages
- 121-129
- ISSN
- 0006-8993 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2037040885
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Muscle activation and electromyography studies
- Keywords
- vibration perception threshold, upper limb amputees, sensory feedback, prosthetic control, mechanoreceptors, reinnervation, somatosensory feedback
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Amputation Stumps, Amputees, Arm, Artificial Limbs, Female, Humans, Male, Mechanoreceptors, Middle Aged, Nerve Regeneration, Peripheral Nerves, Physical Stimulation, Sensory Thresholds, Skin, Thorax, Touch, Vibration, Neurosurgical Procedures, Recovery of Function
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