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Emotional reactivity and cognitive regulation in anxious children
Abstract
Recent models of anxiety disorders emphasize abnormalities in emotional reactivity and regulation. However, the empirical basis for this view is limited, particularly in children and adolescents. The present study examined whether anxious children suffer both negative emotional hyper-reactivity and deficits in cognitive emotion regulation. Participants were 49 children aged 10-17 with generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety, or separation anxiety disorder as their primary diagnosis, as well as 42 age- and gender-matched non-anxious controls. After completing a diagnostic interview and self-report questionnaires, participants were presented with pictures of threatening scenes with the instructions either to simply view them or to use reappraisal, a cognitive emotion regulation strategy, to decrease their negative emotional response. Emotion ratings, content analysis of reappraisal responses, and reports of everyday use of reappraisal were used to assess negative emotional reactivity, reappraisal ability, efficacy and frequency. Relative to controls, children with anxiety disorders (1) experienced greater negative emotional responses to the images, (2) were less successful at applying reappraisals, but (3) showed intact ability to reduce their negative emotions following reappraisal. They also (4) reported less frequent use of reappraisal in everyday life. Implications for the assessment and treatment of childhood anxiety disorders are discussed.
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“However, in trials where they did successfully generate reappraisals, anxious adolescents were able to effectively reduce their negative affect to a similar degree as their non-anxious counterparts.”
From Positive and Negative Emotion Regulation in Adolescence: Links to Anxiety and Depression (2019) · cites this paper as [41]
In the citing paper
“Considering first anxiety, anxious adolescents were shown to have heightened emotional reactivity to negative images and impairments in generating reappraisals when cued [40,41].”
From Positive and Negative Emotion Regulation in Adolescence: Links to Anxiety and Depression (2019) · cites this paper as [41]
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Carthy, T., Horesh, N., Apter, A., Edge, M. D., & Gross, J. J.
- Affiliations
- Bar-Ilan University (IL)
- Tel Aviv University (IL)
- Stanford University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gross, James J.
- Venue
- Behaviour Research and Therapy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-05
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 384-393
- ISSN
- 0005-7967 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2079327439
- Cited by
- 262
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 12.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Behaviour Research and Therapy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- emotional reactivity, cognitive emotion regulation, cognitive reappraisal, childhood anxiety disorders, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety, separation anxiety disorder, emotional dysregulation
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Affective Symptoms, Anxiety Disorders, Arousal, Child, Cognition, Female, Humans, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Reference Values, Case-Control Studies, Matched-Pair Analysis, Self Efficacy, Resilience, Psychological, Executive Function, Emotional Intelligence
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