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Transcranial direct current stimulation: State of the art 2008
Open accessAbstract
Effects of weak electrical currents on brain and neuronal function were first described decades ago. Recently, DC polarization of the brain was reintroduced as a noninvasive technique to alter cortical activity in humans. Beyond this, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of different cortical areas has been shown, in various studies, to result in modifications of perceptual, cognitive, and behavioral functions. Moreover, preliminary data suggest that it can induce beneficial effects in brain disorders. Brain stimulation with weak direct currents is a promising tool in human neuroscience and neurobehavioral research. To facilitate and standardize future tDCS studies, we offer this overview of the state of the art for tDCS.
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“tDCS is thought to affect neuroplasticity via modulating cellular, molecular and neurochemical mechanisms involved in use-dependent local and distant synaptic plasticity, i.e., GABA and glutamate-mediated long-term potentiation (Nitsche et al., 2008; Kim et al., 2014)”
From Cognitive Neuroscience of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Its Clinical Translation (2018) · cites this paper as Nitsche et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“Given that tDCS is thought to affect neuroplasticity (Nitsche et al., 2008; Kim et al., 2014),”
From Cognitive Neuroscience of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Its Clinical Translation (2018) · cites this paper as Nitsche et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) has been shown to be an effective non-invasive technique for research conducted with both healthy8 and clinical subjects9 in the domain of social cognition10.”
In the citing paper
“The effects of tDCS on neuronal excitability have now been demonstrated in numerous neuroimaging and physiological studies, providing a sound neurobiological basis for its use for neuromodulation in patient populations.1,3”
From Transcranial direct current stimulation for depression: 3-week, randomised, sham-controlled trial (2012) · cites this paper as [3]
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Cites
Nitsche, M. A., & Paulus, W. (2000) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7793.2000.t01-1-00633.x · Cited by 5,656 · cited 4×
“For 4 seconds of tDCS, which elicits no after-effects, a break of 10 seconds between each period of stimulation is sufficient.(13) For tDCS durations that produce short-lasting (namely, for about 10 minutes) after-effects, a 1-hour break between stimulation sessions is sufficient.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSelf-citationSustained excitability elevations induced by transcranial DC motor cortex stimulation in humans
Nitsche, M. A., & Paulus, W. (2001) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.57.10.1899 · Cited by 2,617 · cited 1×
“For tDCS durations resulting in long-lasting after-effects (1 hour or more), an intersession interval of 48 hours to 1 week has been suggested.(14,15,43) If repetitive tDCS is performed to prolong and stabilize long-lasting after-effects, subjects are generally stimulated once a day.”
BackgroundSelf-citationNitsche, M. A., Fricke, K., Henschke, U., Schlitterlau, A., Liebetanz, D., Lang, N., Henning, S. J., Tergau, F., & Paulus, W. (2003) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2003.049916 · Cited by 1,587
Self-citationGandiga, P. C., Hummel, F. C., & Cohen, L. G. (2006) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2005.12.003 · Cited by 1,474 · cited 2×
“Compared with TMS, it is easier to conduct placebo stimulation-controlled studies with tDCS, because, with the exception of a slight itching sensation and sensory phenomena, including retinal phosphenes with current switching, subjects rarely experience sensations related to the treatment.(26) To reduce cutaneous sens…”
MethodSelf-citationLiebetanz, D. (2002) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awf238 · Cited by 1,383
Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation of prefrontal cortex enhances working memory
Fregni, F., Boggio, P. S., Nitsche, M., Bermpohl, F., Antal, A., Feredoes, E., Marcolin, M. A., Rigonatti, S. P., Silva, M. T. A., Paulus, W., et al. (2005) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-005-2334-6 · Cited by 1,159 · cited 1×
“For tDCS durations resulting in long-lasting after-effects (1 hour or more), an intersession interval of 48 hours to 1 week has been suggested.(14,15,43) If repetitive tDCS is performed to prolong and stabilize long-lasting after-effects, subjects are generally stimulated once a day.”
BackgroundSelf-citationSafety aspects of transcranial direct current stimulation concerning healthy subjects and patients
Poreisz, C., Boros, K., Antal, A., & Paulus, W. (2007) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.01.004 · Cited by 1,153 · cited 3×
“Moreover, these protocols were tested in more than 2000-3000 subjects in laboratories worldwide with no serious side effects, except for a slight itching under the electrode, and seldom-occurring headache, fatigue, and nausea.(34) It is also possible that longer-lasting protocols are safe, because stimulation of up to…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationEffects of non-invasive cortical stimulation on skilled motor function in chronic stroke
Hummel, F. C. (2005) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awh369 · Cited by 1,141
Self-citationNitsche, M. A., Schauenburg, A., Lang, N., Liebetanz, D., Exner, C., Paulus, W., & Tergau, F. (2003) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/089892903321662994 · Cited by 1,032
Self-citationBindman, L. J., Lippold, O. C. J., & Redfearn, J. W. T. (1964) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1964.sp007425 · Cited by 969 · cited 2×
“With constant current density, increasing stimulation duration determined the occurrence and duration of after-effects in humans and animals.(3,13-15) Therefore tDCS protocols should state current strength and shape, electrode size, and stimulation duration for comparability between studies.”
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- Fregni, 2008, Cortical stimulation of the prefrontal cortex with transcranial direct current stimulation reduces cue-provoked smoking craving: a randomized, sham-controlled study, J Clin Psychiatry, 69, 32, 10.4088/JCP.v69n0105 · DOI
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Items 801–900 of 1,010
The effects of tDCS upon sustained visual attention are dependent on cognitive load.
Roe, J. M., Nesheim, M., Mathiesen, N. C., Moberget, T., Alnæs, D., & Sneve, M. (2016) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.11.005 · Cited by 44
“The study received ethical approval by the local research ethics committee at the Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, and all participants gave their informed consent.”
MethodInfluentialRemue, J., Baeken, C., & Raedt, R. D. (2016) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.03.012 · Cited by 50
Papazova, I., Strube, W., Becker, B., Henning, B., Schwippel, T., Fallgatter, A. J., Padberg, F., Palm, U., Falkai, P., Plewnia, C., et al. (2018) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2018.06.032 · Cited by 47
Pestalozzi, M. I., Pietro, M. D., Gaytanidis, C. M., Spierer, L., Schnider, A., Chouiter, L., Colombo, F., Annoni, J., & Jost, L. B. (2018) · Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · doi:10.1177/1545968318801551 · Cited by 45
Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on cognitive function in stroke patients
Shaker, H. A., Sawan, S. A., Fahmy, E. M., Ismail, R. S., & Elrahman, S. A. E. A. (2018) · The Egyptian Journal of Neurology Psychiatry and Neurosurgery · doi:10.1186/s41983-018-0037-8 · Cited by 45
DosSantos, M. F. H., Oliveira, A. T., Ferreira, N. R., Carvalho, A. C. P., & Rosado-de-Castro, P. H. (2018) · Pain Research and Management · doi:10.1155/2018/2368386 · Cited by 44
“Other important properties that must be considered are the intensity of the electric current and the duration of the stimulus [101, 102].”
BackgroundKim, W., Lee, K., Kim, S., Cho, S. M., & Paik, N. (2019) · Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s12984-019-0489-9 · Cited by 46
Noninvasive Brain Stimulation in Epilepsy
VanHaerents, S. A., Chang, B. S., Rotenberg, A., Pascual‐Leone, Á., & Shafi, M. M. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1097/wnp.0000000000000573 · Cited by 45
Effects of anodal tDCS of the lower limb M1 on ankle reaction time in young adults
Devanathan, D., & Madhavan, S. (2015) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-015-4470-y · Cited by 44
“A growing body of literature has demonstrated that anodal (facilitatory) transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the upper limb motor cortex (M1) has the ability to improve performance of complex functional motor tasks in healthy and patient populations (Nitsche et al. 2008).”
BackgroundBrunoni, A. R., Machado‐Vieira, R., Zarate, C. A., Vieira, É. L. M., Valiengo, L. D. C. L., Benseñor, I. M., Lotufo, P. A., Gattaz, W. F., & Teixeira, A. L. (2014) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.08.009 · Cited by 45
Shahid, S. S., Wen, P. P., & Ahfock, T. (2013) · Bioelectromagnetics · doi:10.1002/bem.21814 · Cited by 44
Sczesny-Kaiser, M., Beckhaus, K., Dinse, H. R., Schwenkreis, P., Tegenthoff, M., & Höffken, O. (2016) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00116 · Cited by 44
“…John D. Salamone, University of Connecticut, USA Reviewed by: Olivia Carter, University of Melbourne, Australia Benjamin Thompson, The University of Auckland, New Zealand *Correspondence: Matthias Sczesny-Kaiser matthias.sczesny-kaiser@rub.de †These authors have contributed equally to this work.”
BackgroundNon-invasive Brain Stimulation, a Tool to Revert Maladaptive Plasticity in Neuropathic Pain
Naro, A., Milardi, D., Russo, M., Terranova, C., Rizzo, V., Cacciola, A., Marino, S., Calabrò, R. S., & Quartarone, A. (2016) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00376 · Cited by 49
“Finally, the effects of tDCS can also be non-synaptic, possibly involving transient changes in the density of protein channels localized below the stimulating electrode or alterations on cAMP and calcium levels (Nitsche et al., 2008).”
Functional Connectivity Substrates for tDCS Response in Minimally Conscious State Patients
Cavaliere, C., Aiello, M., Perri, C. D., Amico, E., Martial, C., Thibaut, A., Laureys, S., & Soddu, A. (2016) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2016.00257 · Cited by 44
“Moreover, this and other studies (Nitsche and Paulus, 2000; Lang et al., 2005; Nitsche et al., 2008) confirm that the cerebral effects of a single tDCS session are expected to be stable for about 50 min.”
BackgroundImproved grasp function with transcranial direct current stimulation in chronic spinal cord injury
Cortes, M., de Medeiros, A. H., Gandhi, A. P., Lee, P., Krebs, H. I., Thickbroom, G. W., & Edwards, D. J. (2017) · Neurorehabilitation · doi:10.3233/nre-171456 · Cited by 44
“The low direct current (2 mA or less) can alter the level of excitability by modifying neuronal transmembrane potentials (Nitsche & Paulus, 2000; Nitsche et al., 2008).”
Regner, G. G., Pereira, P., Leffa, D. T., de Oliveira, C., Vercelino, R., Fregni, F., & Torres, I. L. D. S. (2018) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00189 · Cited by 44
“…been reported to be safe, and a recent review confirmed the absence of evidence for serious adverse effects (Bikson et al., 2016). tDCS is a technique that can be applied with low risk and little discomfort, and when used in repeated sessions, can have long-lasting effects (Nitsche et al., 2008).”
BackgroundSelf-citationNoninvasive stimulation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex modulates emotional face processing
Winker, C., Rehbein, M. A., Sabatinelli, D., Dohn, M., Maitzen, J., Wolters, C. H., Arolt, V., & Junghöfer, M. (2018) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.03.067 · Cited by 44
Seo, H., & Jun, S. C. (2018) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2018.11.004 · Cited by 49
Lopes, B. C., Medeiros, L. F., de Souza, V. S., Cioato, S. G., Medeiros, H. R., Regner, G. G., de Oliveira, C. L., Fregni, F., Caumo, W., & Torres, I. L. D. S. (2020) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2020.02.025 · Cited by 46
Self-citationKrebs, C. R., Peter, J., Wyss, P., Brem, A., & Klöppel, S. (2021) · Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2021.01.034 · Cited by 46
“The cathode was slightly larger in order to prevent unintended stimulation effects (Nitsche et al., 2008).”
BackgroundNejati, V., Rasanan, A. H. H., Rad, J. A., Alavi, M. M., Haghi, S., & Nitsche, M. A. (2021) · Neurophysiologie Clinique · doi:10.1016/j.neucli.2021.11.005 · Cited by 45
Self-citationNon-invasive induction of plasticity in the human cortex: Uses and limitations
Vallence, A., & Ridding, M. C. (2013) · Cortex · doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2013.12.006 · Cited by 45
Combining TMS-EEG with transcranial direct current stimulation language treatment in aphasia
Cipollari, S., Veniero, D., Razzano, C., Caltagirone, C., Koch, G., & Marangolo, P. (2015) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1586/14737175.2015.1049998 · Cited by 43
Cathodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Children With Dystonia
Young, S. J., Bertucco, M., Sheehan-Stross, R., & Sanger, T. D. (2012) · Journal of Child Neurology · doi:10.1177/0883073812460092 · Cited by 43
Sarkis, R. A., Kaur, N., & Camprodon, J. A. (2014) · Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s40473-014-0009-y · Cited by 42
Parietal transcranial direct current stimulation modulates primary motor cortex excitability
Urbina, G. N. R., Batsikadze, G., Molero‐Chamizo, A., Paulus, W., Kuo, M., & Nitsche, M. A. (2015) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.12840 · Cited by 44
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Non-invasive cerebral stimulation for the upper limb rehabilitation after stroke: a review.
Kandel, M., Beis, J., Chapelain, L. L., Guesdon, H., & Paysant, J. (2012) · Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.rehab.2012.09.001 · Cited by 43
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Consequences of prefrontal tDCS on inhibitory control and reactive aggression
Weidler, C., Habel, U., Wallheinke, P., Wagels, L., Hofhansel, L., Ling, S., Blendy, J. A., & Clemens, B. (2020) · Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience · doi:10.1093/scan/nsaa158 · Cited by 43
Multisession Anodal tDCS Protocol Improves Motor System Function in an Aging Population
Dumel, G., Bourassa, M., Desjardins, M.-È., Voarino, N., Charlebois‐Plante, C., Doyon, J., & Beaumont, L. D. (2016) · Neural Plasticity · doi:10.1155/2016/5961362 · Cited by 42
Maximizing the Treatment Benefit of tDCS in Neurodegenerative Anomia
Roncero, C. T., Service, E., De, M., Popov, A., Thiel, A., Probst, S., & Chertkow, H. M. (2019) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.01231 · Cited by 42
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Martorella, G., Mathis, K. B., Miao, H., Wang, D., Park, L., & Ahn, H. B. (2022) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2022.06.003 · Cited by 42
Using TMS-EEG to assess the effects of neuromodulation techniques: a narrative review
Cruciani, A., Mancuso, M., Sveva, V., Maccarrone, D., Todisco, A., Motolese, F., Santoro, F., Pilato, F., Spampinato, D. A., Rocchi, L., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2023.1247104 · Cited by 44
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“At the single-word level, verbs can be treated with the same techniques used for nouns, even though improvement in verb production seems more difficult to achieve (Webster andWhitworth, 2012).”
BackgroundAdvances in Brain Stimulation for Depression
Wani, A., Treviño, K., Marnell, P., & Husain, M. M. (2013) · Annals of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/104012371302500308 · Cited by 42
Vicario, C., & Nitsche, M. (2013) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00139 · Cited by 47
Self-citationChristova, M., Rafolt, D., & Gallasch, E. (2015) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2015.03.028 · Cited by 42
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for catatonic schizophrenia: A case study
Shiozawa, P., da Silva, M. E., Cordeiro, Q., Fregni, F., & Brunoni, A. R. (2013) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2013.01.030 · Cited by 42
Self-citationBeta-frequency EEG activity increased during transcranial direct current stimulation
Song, M., Shin, Y., & Yun, K. (2014) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/wnr.0000000000000283 · Cited by 42
Skin Burn After Single Session of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS)
Wang, J., Wei, Y., Wen, J., & Xiaoli Li, A. (2014) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2014.10.015 · Cited by 42
Yavari, F., Mahdavi, S., Towhidkhah, F., Ahmadi‐Pajouh, M. A., Ekhtiari, H., & Darainy, M. (2015) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-015-4523-2 · Cited by 46
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Electrical stimulation of the frontal cortex enhances slow-frequency EEG activity and sleepiness
D’Atri, A., Simoni, E. D., Gorgoni, M., Ferrara, M., Ferlazzo, F., Rossini, P. M., & Gennaro, L. D. (2016) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.03.007 · Cited by 42
“Using a sinusoidally varying current, as in transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), spontaneous brain oscillations can be modulated in a frequency-specific manner (Fröhlich and McCormick, 2010; Ozen et al., 2010).”
Accornero, N., Capozza, M., Pieroni, L., Stefano, P. R. O., Davì, L., & Mecarelli, O. (2014) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00088.2014 · Cited by 42
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Modulating Human Auditory Processing by Transcranial Electrical Stimulation
Heimrath, K., Fiene, M., Rufener, K. S., & Zaehle, T. (2016) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2016.00053 · Cited by 45
“In cognitive research and clinical application, tDCS is probably the most frequently used non-invasive tES method that delivers low currents to the cerebral cortex resulting in the modulation of cortical excitability (Nitsche et al., 2003b, 2008).”
BackgroundMethodRosset‐Llobet, J., Fàbregas-Molas, S., & Pascual‐Leone, Á. (2015) · Medical Problems of Performing Artists · doi:10.21091/mppa.2015.3033 · Cited by 41
Reliability and Variability of tDCS Induced Changes in the Lower Limb Motor Cortex
Madhavan, S., Sriraman, A., & Freels, S. A. (2016) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci6030026 · Cited by 43
Imaging of current flow in the human head during transcranial electrical therapy
Kasinadhuni, A. K., Indahlastari, A., Chauhan, M., Schär, M., Mareci, T. H., & Sadleir, R. (2017) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2017.04.125 · Cited by 42
tDCS does not enhance the effects of robot-assisted gait training in patients with subacute stroke
León, D., Cortes, M., Elder, J., Kumru, H., Laxe, S., Edwards, D. J., Tormos, J. M., Bernabeu, M., & Pascual‐Leone, Á. (2017) · Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience · doi:10.3233/rnn-170734 · Cited by 42
“…output (Nitsche & Paulus 2000). tDCS involves application of a low-intensity electrical current between 2 electrodes placed over the scalp (Nitsche et al., 2008). tDCS can either increase (e.g., anodal) or decrease (e.g., catho-dal) cortical excitability (Nitsche (cid:2) Paulus, 2000)…”
Neubauer, A. C., Wammerl, M., Benedek, M., Jauk, E., & Jaušovec, N. (2017) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2017.04.016 · Cited by 44
“Since participants feel stimulation related sensations (e.g. itching) only in the beginning of tACS, this approach prevents individual awareness of the stimulation conditions (Nitsche et al., 2008).”
BackgroundTurski, C. A., Kessler-Jones, A. M., Chow, C., Hermann, B. P., Hsu, D., Jones, J. E., Seeger, S. K., Chappell, R. J., Boly, M., & Ikonomidou, C. (2017) · Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience · doi:10.3233/rnn-170757 · Cited by 42
“In contrast, ten minutes or more of stimulation can elicit prolonged after-effects, which can be sustained for over an hour (Ardolino et al., 2005; Nitsche et al., 2000, 2008).”
Gonzalez, P. C., Fong, K. N. K., & Brown, T. (2018) · Behavioural Neurology · doi:10.1155/2018/5971385 · Cited by 42
“As soon as tDCS is administered, the current travels in an anodecathode circuit which is likely to cause neurons to fire in stimulated areas [10].”
BackgroundAxelrod, V., Zhu, X., & Qiu, J. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-34098-z · Cited by 40
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Effects of Electrical Stimulation in Tinnitus Patients: Conventional Versus High-Definition tDCS
Jacquemin, L., Shekhawat, G. S., de Heyning, P. V., Mertens, G., Fransén, E., Rompaey, V. V., Topsakal, V., Moyaert, J., Beyers, J., & Gilles, A. (2018) · Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · doi:10.1177/1545968318787916 · Cited by 42
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Shiozawa, P., Duailibi, M. S., da Silva, M. E., & Cordeiro, Q. (2014) · Epilepsy & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.07.021 · Cited by 41
Aging, the Central Nervous System, and Mobility in Older Adults: Interventions
Varma, V. R., Hausdorff, J. M., Studenski, S. A., Rosano, C., Camicioli, R. M., Alexander, N. B., Chen, W., Lipsitz, L. A., & Carlson, M. C. (2016) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/glw080 · Cited by 41
Transcranial direct-current stimulation as treatment in epilepsy
Gschwind, M., & Seeck, M. (2016) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/14737175.2016.1209410 · Cited by 41
Effects of HD-tDCS on memory and metamemory for general knowledge questions that vary by difficulty
Chua, E. F., Ahmed, R., & Garcia, S. M. (2016) · Brain stimulation · doi:10.1016/j.brs.2016.10.013 · Cited by 44
Yang, X., Gao, M., Shi, J., Ye, H., & Chen, S. (2017) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01417 · Cited by 44
“The anodal electrode would enhance cortical excitability while the cathodal electrode would inhibit it (Nitsche and Paulus, 2000).”
BackgroundThe influence of endogenous estrogen on transcranial direct current stimulation: A preliminary study
Lee, S., Chung, S. W., Rogasch, N. C., Thomson, C. J., Worsley, R., Kulkarni, J., Thomson, R. H., Fitzgerald, P. B., & Segrave, R. A. (2018) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.14085 · Cited by 41
Mosayebi-Samani, M., Agboada, D., Kuo, M., & Nitsche, M. A. (2019) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp278857 · Cited by 41
“Different tDCS protocols were applied in separate sessions and in randomized order with a minimum 1 week interval between each session to avoid carry-over effects (Nitsche et al. 2008).”
MethodSelf-citationEffect of transcranial direct current stimulation on post-stroke fatigue
Doncker, W. D., Ondobaka, S., & Kuppuswamy, A. (2021) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-021-10442-8 · Cited by 46
Beretta, V. S., dos Santos, P. C. R., Orcioli‐Silva, D., Zampier, V. C., Vitório, R. R., & Gobbi, L. T. B. (2022) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2022.101736 · Cited by 41
Abellaneda‐Pérez, K., Potash, R. M., Pascual‐Leone, Á., & Sacchet, M. D. (2024) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105862 · Cited by 49
“These protocols permit the exploration of functional relationships either within a specific brain region or between two interconnected areas, offering a powerful approach to study cortical interactions (Dayan et al., 2013; Reis et al., 2008; Wassermann et al., 2008).”
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Refractory Auditory Hallucinations in Schizophrenia
Andrade, C. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.13f08826 · Cited by 40
Induction of mirror-touch synaesthesia by increasing somatosensory cortical excitability
Bolognini, N., Miniussi, C., Gallo, S., & Vallar, G. (2013) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2013.03.036 · Cited by 40
Sakrajai, P., Janyacharoen, T., Jensen, M. P., Sawanyawisuth, K., Auvichayapat, N., Tunkamnerdthai, O., Keeratitanont, K., & Auvichayapat, P. (2014) · Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/ajp.0000000000000069 · Cited by 40
Neural underpinnings of the ‘agent brain’: new evidence from transcranial direct current stimulation
Cavazzana, A., Penolazzi, B., Begliomini, C., & Bisiacchi, P. S. (2015) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.12937 · Cited by 40
Bravo, G. L., Poje, A. B., Perissinotti, I. N., Marcondes, B. F., Villamar, M. F., Manzardo, A. M., Luque, L., Lepage, J., Stafford, D. E. J., Fregni, F., et al. (2015) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.32401 · Cited by 43
“Volunteers were excluded from study participation if they presented any of the following: history of neuropsychiatric disorders, epilepsy, unstable medical conditions, history of neurosurgery, significant visual or auditory impairment, contraindications to tDCS [Nitsche et al., 2008] or pregnancy.”
BackgroundSelf-citationCampanella, S., Schröder, E., Monnart, A., Vanderhasselt, M., Duprat, R., Rabijns, M., Kornreich, C., Verbanck, P., & Baeken, C. (2016) · Clinical EEG and Neuroscience · doi:10.1177/1550059416645977 · Cited by 42
Effects of More-Affected vs. Less-Affected Motor Cortex tDCS in Parkinson’s Disease
Cosentino, G., Valentino, F., Todisco, M., Alfonsi, E., Davì, R., Savettieri, G., Fierro, B., D’Amelio, M., & Brighina, F. (2017) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00309 · Cited by 40
tDCS over the motor cortex improves lexical retrieval of action words in poststroke aphasia
Branscheidt, M., Hoppe, J., Zwitserlood, P., & Liuzzi, G. (2017) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00285.2017 · Cited by 43
Giustolisi, B., Vergallito, A., Cecchetto, C., Varoli, E., & Lauro, L. J. R. (2017) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2017.11.001 · Cited by 39
Eapen, V., Baker, R., Walter, A., Raghupathy, V., Wehrman, J., & Sowman, P. F. (2017) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci7120161 · Cited by 43
Neuropolitics: Twenty years later
Schreiber, D. M. (2017) · Politics and the Life Sciences · doi:10.1017/pls.2017.25 · Cited by 40
Patel, H., Romanzetti, S., Pellicano, A., Nitsche, M. A., Reetz, K., & Binkofski, F. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-39262-7 · Cited by 43
Self-citationThe Psychopharmacology of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Preclinical Roadmap
Szechtman, H., Harvey, B. H., Woody, E. Z., & Hoffman, K. L. (2019) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pr.119.017772 · Cited by 41
Manuel, A. L., Murray, N. W. G., & Piguet, O. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-55157-z · Cited by 40
León, J. J., Sánchez-Kuhn, A., Fernández‐Martín, P., Páez-Pérez, M. A., Thomas, C., Datta, A., Sánchez-Santed, F., & Flores, P. (2020) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112485 · Cited by 44
King, B. R., Rumpf, J., Verbaanderd, E., Heise, K.-F., Dolfen, N., Sunaert, S. G., Doyon, J., Claßen, J., Mantini, D., Puts, N. A. J., et al. (2020) · Human Brain Mapping · doi:10.1002/hbm.25041 · Cited by 40
“This procedure is successful in blinding the subject to experimental condition (Gandiga, Hummel, & Cohen, 2006; Nitsche et al., 2008).”
MethodWrightson, J. G., Twomey, R., ROSS, E. Z., & Smeeton, N. J. (2015) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-015-4232-x · Cited by 40
Raedt, R. D., Remue, J., Loeys, T., Hooley, J. M., & Baeken, C. (2017) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2017.10.009 · Cited by 46
Transcranial direct current stimulation as a tool in the study of sensory-perceptual processing
Costa, T. L., Lapenta, O. M., Boggio, P. S., & Ventura, D. F. (2015) · Attention Perception & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/s13414-015-0932-3 · Cited by 43
Self-citationImpey, D., & Knott, V. (2015) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-015-1365-9 · Cited by 39
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Long-range patterns in Hindmarsh–Rose networks
Etémé, A. S., Tabi, C. B., & Mohamadou, A. (2016) · Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation · doi:10.1016/j.cnsns.2016.07.005 · Cited by 39
Donaldson, P. H., Kirkovski, M., Rinehart, N., & Enticott, P. G. (2017) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.13675 · Cited by 44
de Souza, A., Martins, D. F., Medeiros, L. F., Nucci-Martins, C., Martins, T. C., Siteneski, A., Caumo, W., Santos, A. R. S., & Torres, I. L. D. S. (2017) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2017.12.005 · Cited by 39
Zhou, J., Lo, O., Lipsitz, L. A., Zhang, J., Fang, J. S., & Manor, B. D. (2018) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-018-5178-6 · Cited by 39
“Moreover, this intensity has been proven to be safe and well-tolerated by participants (Nitsche et al. 2008).”
BackgroundPreventing neurodegeneration by adrenergic astroglial excitation
Zorec, R., Parpura, V., & Verkhratsky, A. (2018) · FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/febs.14456 · Cited by 40
Metadata
- Authors
- Nitsche, M. A., Cohen, L. G., Wassermann, E. M., Priori, A., Lang, N., Antal, A., Paulus, W., Hummel, F., Boggio, P. S., Fregni, F., & Pascual-Leone, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Göttingen (DE)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- University of Milan (IT)
- Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (DE)
- Universität Hamburg (DE)
- Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie (BR)
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Nitsche, Michael A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Brain Stimulation
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-07
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 206-223
- ISSN
- 1876-4754 (ISSN-L)
- 1935-861X
- OpenAlex
- W2162932719
- Cited by
- 3,057
- References
- 122
- Citations by year
- 2026: 110 · 2025: 166 · 2024: 152 · 2023: 175 · 2022: 168 · 2021: 218 · 2020: 233 · 2019: 298 · 2018: 239 · 2017: 208 · 2016: 234 · 2015: 227 · 2014: 181 · 2013: 172 · 2012: 113
- FWCI
- 4.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doaj.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Brain stimulation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Electroconvulsive Therapy Studies
- Keywords
- transcranial direct current stimulation, non-invasive brain stimulation, cortical excitability, behavioral effects, brain disorders
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cerebral Cortex, Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation, Humans, Research Design, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
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