The DOI matches its Crossref record; 46 of the 50 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
University teachers' perceptions of responsibility and artificial intelligence in higher education - An experimental philosophical study
Open accessAbstract
This study investigates university teachers’ relationships with emerging technologies by focusing on the uptake of artificial intelligence in higher education practices. We utilise an experimental philosophy approach to i) determine university teachers’ intuitions around universities’ responsibilities to adopt new artificial intelligence technologies, ii) understand the conditions under which university teachers consider artificial intelligence defensible and, hence, would be willing to introduce such tools and services into their daily practice and iii) specify teachers’ self-reported knowledge of artificial intelligence. An online survey, where participants were sent one of three different cases (Case A related to first-generation students, Case B, an archetypical student, Case C, students with a learning disability), and 18 identical questions across all three cases. The survey was distributed among 1773 teachers. Based on the responses of 194 university teachers, we identify differences related to responsibility, equity, and knowledge about artificial intelligence. Our quantitative data exhibited that in Case A and Case C, the respondents ranked to a higher degree that universities should use artificial intelligence tools and systems to achieve equitable outcomes. Data revealed no statistically significant associations among the respondents with regard to background variables in Case A. However, Case B and Case C disclosed statistically significant associations concerning gender, age, faculty, and academic position among the participants. Moreover, we identify teachers’ fears and scepticism about artificial intelligence in higher education, concerns about fairness and responsibility, and lack of knowledge about artificial intelligence and resources to engage with artificial intelligence in teaching practices.
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“Additionally, teachers have expressed concerns about fairness, accountability, and a lack of institutional support or resources for integrating GAI into teaching. 4”
In the citing paper
“An experimental philosophical study (McGrath et al., 2023) of university teachers' perceptions of responsibility and AI in higher education found a broad consensus among participants that universities should provide AI educational tools, especially to support first-generation students and those with learning disabilities, reflecting a commitment to equity and fairness, as argued by Prinsloo and Sl”
From Artificial intelligence in higher education: exploring faculty use, self-efficacy, distinct profiles, and professional development needs (2024) · cites this paper as McGrath et al., 2023
In the citing paper
“This study found that ChatGPT and other AI tools can help students produce more grammatically correct and fluent texts, which is in line with previous research [9, 17].”
From Evaluating the impact of using ChatGPT on EFL students’ argumentative skills (2026) · cites this paper as [17]
In the citing paper
“In particular, Mcgrath et al. (2023) found that Swedish university teachers consider that higher education institutions have a responsibility to use AI educational technologies to support students, especially those from disadvantaged groups such as students with a learning disability.”
From Exploring the role of generative AI in higher education: Semi-structured interviews with students with disabilities (2025) · cites this paper as McGrath et al., 2023
In the citing paper
“The study also highlighted the difficulty of adopting AI-based technologies due to a lack of resources and time (McGrath et al., 2023).”
From Exploring the role of generative AI in higher education: Semi-structured interviews with students with disabilities (2025) · cites this paper as McGrath et al., 2023
In the citing paper
“On the one hand, it supports the argument made by McGrath et al. (2023) that universities have a responsibility to adopt AI tools.”
From Exploring the role of generative AI in higher education: Semi-structured interviews with students with disabilities (2025) · cites this paper as McGrath et al. (2023)
In the citing paper
“of which ChatGPT is the most known (Mah & Groß, 2024; McGrath et al., 2023; Rajabi et al., 2024).”
From Planets, cars, and personas: Toward an understanding of faculty perceptions of artificial intelligence through visual metaphors and projective techniques (2025) · cites this paper as McGrath et al., 2023
In the citing paper
“Research suggests there are similarities across institutions regarding limited awareness of AI and access to GenAI tools”
From Planets, cars, and personas: Toward an understanding of faculty perceptions of artificial intelligence through visual metaphors and projective techniques (2025) · cites this paper as McGrath et al., 2023
In the citing paper
“Finally, there have been instances of students without any learning disabilities that state that the use of assistive technology constitutes an unfair advantage for students with disabilities and hinders the educational process [54].”
From Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Reality on Educational Inclusion: A Systematic Review of Technologies Supporting Students with Disabilities (2024) · cites this paper as [54]
In the citing paper
“Finally, the literature also focuses on the issue of promoting ethical and responsible methods of integrating these assistive tools, so that they can effectively and appropriately complement every part of the learning experiences for the students [54].”
From Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Reality on Educational Inclusion: A Systematic Review of Technologies Supporting Students with Disabilities (2024) · cites this paper as [54]
In the citing paper
“As emphasised in the literature [50,54], platforms developed with the assistance of AI have enabled teachers and educators to tailor their content and educational material to the specific needs and preferences of students with disabilities, promoting the fostering of personalised instruction.”
From Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Reality on Educational Inclusion: A Systematic Review of Technologies Supporting Students with Disabilities (2024) · cites this paper as [54]
In the citing paper
“There seems to exist a significant difficulty in efficiently incorporating AI and VR technologies in teaching processes [54]”
From Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Reality on Educational Inclusion: A Systematic Review of Technologies Supporting Students with Disabilities (2024) · cites this paper as [54]
In the citing paper
“which can be explained both through the inadequate training teachers have received when it comes to the utilisation of new technologies [50,54], as well as through the teachers' own doubts and fears surrounding the use of assistive technologies in their classes, and the subsequent impact they would have in their work [54].”
From Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Reality on Educational Inclusion: A Systematic Review of Technologies Supporting Students with Disabilities (2024) · cites this paper as [54]
Citations
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Holmes, W., & Tuomi, I. (2022) · European Journal of Education · doi:10.1111/ejed.12533 · Cited by 1,093
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Artificial intelligence literacy in higher and adult education: A scoping literature review
Laupichler, M. C., Aster, A., Schirch, J., & Raupach, T. (2022) · Computers and Education Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.caeai.2022.100101 · Cited by 658
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Discourses of artificial intelligence in higher education: a critical literature review
Bearman, M., Ryan, J., & Ajjawi, R. (2023) · Higher Education · doi:10.1007/s10734-022-00937-2 · Cited by 545
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Cerratto Pargman, 2023, New vistas on responsible learning analytics: A data feminist perspective, Journal of Learning Analytics, 1
- Tomczak, 2014, The need to report effect size estimates revisited. An overview of some recommended measures of effect size, Trends in Sport Sciences, 1, 19
- Tronto, 1998, An ethic of care. Generations, Journal of the American Society on Aging, 22, 15
- Williamson, 2022, A review of learning analytics dashboard research in higher education: Implications for justice, equite, diversity, and inclusion, 260
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Lee, D., Arnold, M., Srivastava, A., Plastow, K., Strelan, P., Ploeckl, F., Lekkas, D., & Palmer, E. (2024) · Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.caeai.2024.100221 · Cited by 402
Mah, D.-K., & Groß, N. (2024) · International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education · doi:10.1186/s41239-024-00490-1 · Cited by 218
“An experimental philosophical study (McGrath et al., 2023) of university teachers’ perceptions of responsibility and AI in higher education found a broad consensus among participants that universities should provide AI educational tools, especially to support first-generation students and those…”
Ansari, A. N., Ahmad, S., & Bhutta, S. M. (2024) · Education and Information Technologies · doi:10.1007/s10639-023-12223-4 · Cited by 198
Fu, Y., & Weng, Z. (2024) · Computers and Education Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.caeai.2024.100306 · Cited by 195
Generative AI chatbots in higher education: a review of an emerging research area
McGrath, C., Farazouli, A., & Pargman, T. C. (2024) · Higher Education · doi:10.1007/s10734-024-01288-w · Cited by 254
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- McGrath, C., Cerratto Pargman, T., Juth, N., & Palmgren, P. J.
- Affiliations
- Stockholm University (SE)
- Uppsala University (SE)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Corresponding author
- McGrath, Cormac
- Venue
- Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2023
- Volume
- 4
- Pages
- 100139
- ISSN
- 2666-920X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4367048490
- Semantic Scholar
- abbd9b701038e2951540158928025808e8b32a3c
- Cited by
- 195
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 51 · 2025: 80 · 2024: 55 · 2023: 9
- FWCI
- 45.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Computers and Education Artificial Intelligence (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Uppsala University Publications (Uppsala University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Marianne and Marcus Wallenberg Foundation
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Artificial Intelligence in Education
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Health Informatics › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Keywords
- artificial intelligence in higher education, university faculty perceptions, university responsibility, artificial intelligence adoption, equity, AI knowledge, teacher attitudes toward AI, first-generation college students, students with learning disabilities
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