The DOI matches its Crossref record; 72 of the 73 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 8 of the 128 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
The Influence of the Gut Microbiome on Cancer, Immunity, and Cancer Immunotherapy
Open accessAbstract
The microbiome is receiving significant attention given its influence on a host of human diseases including cancer. Its role in response to cancer treatment is becoming increasingly apparent, with evidence suggesting that modulating the gut microbiome may impact responses to numerous forms of cancer therapy. A working knowledge of the microbiome is vital as we move forward in this age of precision medicine, and an understanding of the microbiome’s influence on immune responses and cancer is key. It is also important to understand factors influencing the gut microbiome and strategies to manipulate the microbiome to augment therapeutic responses.
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Claims the paper makes
84 Not checked yet · 12 Own interpretation · 4 Partly supported · 1 Supported · 1 No basis given · accuracy not yet measured
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“they play such a large role in numerous host functions including immunity”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The microbiome and immunity
What the sources say
- Could not verifycites Sender et al., 2016 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Results discuss where microbes reside and how many there are; the Discussion mentions microbiome metabolic capabilities but does not describe contributions to host functions. Searches for immunity, the immune system, and host functions found no passage addressing the claim in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.76)
- Supportedcites Morgan and Huttenhower, 2012 source
Section 6, “Host Interactions and Interventions,” describes the microbiota’s role in maturation of the host immune system and intestinal development. It also describes substantial contributions to metabolism and signaling, supporting the claim that microbiota contribute to multiple host functions, including immunity. (LLM, conf=0.93)
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Could not verify
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“beneficial effects from mice with a more “favorable” microbiota could be transplanted to other mice using FMT or co-housing”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and immunotherapy
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Sivan et al., 2015 source
The passage describing cohousing (Fig. 1E–H) says that TAC mice appeared to acquire the JAX mice’s stronger antitumor phenotype. The fecal-transfer passage (Fig. 2A–C) reports that giving JAX fecal material to TAC mice delayed tumor growth and enhanced tumor-specific T-cell responses. Together, these support transfer of the beneficial effects by either co-housing or fecal transfer. (LLM, conf=0.94)
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“demonstrating significant differences in tumor outgrowth in genetically similar mice with differing gut microbiomes purchased from two separate vendors”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and immunotherapy
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites Sivan et al., 2015 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The passage describing the JAX and TAC comparison reports significantly different melanoma growth in genetically similar mice from two facilities. A later passage reports that anti–PD-L1 therapy was more effective in JAX mice, but the source describes PD-L1 blockade, not PD-1 blockade; the initial vendor comparison was of tumor growth before that treatment. (LLM, conf=0.87)
boostedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Partly supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Bacterial taxa within the Ruminococaceae family of the Firmicutes phylum (such as F. prausnitzii) have been associated with both response and toxicity to immune checkpoint blockade across studies”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and immunotherapy
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Chaput et al., 2017 source
- Partly supportedcites Frankel et al., 2017 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Results (page unavailable) report that Faecalibacterium prausnitzii was enriched in responders receiving combined checkpoint therapy, and the Discussion (page unavailable) describes similar response findings from other studies. Our copy does not link F. prausnitzii or other Ruminococcaceae taxa to treatment toxicity; its statement about toxicity concerns antibiotic or probiotic use instead. (LLM, conf=0.86)
- Partly supportedcites Gopalakrishnan et al., 2018 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The paper reports that Ruminococcaceae and the Faecalibacterium genus were enriched in melanoma patients who responded to anti-PD-1 therapy, and that higher Faecalibacterium abundance was associated with longer progression-free survival. The passages in our copy do not establish an association with treatment toxicity or identify F. prausnitzii specifically; they support the response portion of the claim, not the full across-studies statement. The supplied copy labels these passages with the paper title but gives no page numbers. (LLM, conf=0.88)
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“B and T cells, including Tregs and Th17 cells can, upon being primed by DCs presenting antigen derived from commensal organisms in draining mLNs of the gut, circulate systemically to facilitate immune responses at distant sites”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The microbiome and immunity
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Stary et al., 2015 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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In the paper
“health-promoting bacteria such as Faecalibacterium and Ruminococcus were reduced”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and stem cell transplantation
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Biagi et al., 2015 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“there is compelling evidence that the microbiota helps to shape the immune system as a whole”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The microbiome and immunity
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Honda and Littman, 2016
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“There is mounting evidence supporting the role of the microbiome in response to cancer therapy”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > Introduction
What the sources say
boostedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“several recent studies demonstrating the influence of the gut microbiome specifically on the response to immune checkpoint blockade across cancer types”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > Introduction
What the sources say
boostedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“there is now mounting data from human cohorts suggesting that the gut microbiota is a dominant force in mediating both response and toxicity to these therapeutic strategies”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- It may state two separate claims as one. 37
- Probably not a substantial claim. 6
- The quote only partly states this claim. 1
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“germ-free (GF) mice that lack intestinal microbiota are noted to have severe defects in immunity, with an absent mucous layer, altered IgA secretion and reduced size and functionality of Peyer’s patches and draining mesenteric lymph nodes”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The microbiome and immunity
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites Johansson et al., 2015 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Results section on germ-free mice reports altered intestinal mucus and lower colonic Muc2, but explicitly finds mucus present, not absent. The proteomic Results report changes in IgJ, a marker for IgA, after colonization; they do not establish altered IgA secretion. No passage found addresses the claimed reductions in Peyer’s patches or mesenteric lymph nodes. (LLM, conf=0.86)
- Partly supportedcites Spiljar et al., 2017 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The section “Microbiota Shapes the Immune System and the Host Metabolism” reports fewer and smaller Peyer’s patches and underdeveloped gut-associated lymphoid tissues in germ-free mice. It describes an altered mucus layer, not an absent one; “Dysregulation of Gut Mucosal Surfaces” says their large-intestinal mucus is easily penetrable. The copy does not establish altered IgA secretion or reduced size and function of mesenteric lymph nodes. (LLM, conf=0.89)
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Partly supported
In the paper
“cytokine secretion from Th17 cells stimulates IECs to form tight junctions and to secrete anti-microbial proteins”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The microbiome and immunity
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Weaver et al., 2013 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“patients having a lower diversity of microbiota in their gut at the time of HSCT having shortened overall survival and higher mortality rates (specifically transplant-related mortality) compared to those with a high diversity of gut microbiota”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and stem cell transplantation
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Taur et al., 2014 source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Dysbiosis can lead to impaired local, locoregional, and systemic immune responses with breakdown of mucosal barriers, translocation of gut bacteria to the mLNs and into the peripheral circulation”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The microbiome and immunity
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Levy et al., 2017 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Th17 cells are markedly depleted in GF animals and can be induced by specific bacterial subsets such as segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB)”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The microbiome and immunity
What the sources say
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“SCFAs here function in a manner dependent on their ability to inhibit histone deacetylase activity suggesting epigenetic regulation”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The microbiome and immunity
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Rooks and Garrett, 2016
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“IgA acts primarily by blocking bacterial adherence to epithelial cells; agglutination, entrapment and clearance; and also has direct effects on bacterial virulence”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The microbiome and immunity
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Mantis et al., 2011 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Toll-like receptor signaling from microbial peptides to DCs and other innate immune effectors generates cytokines and interferons that act in both a paracrine and endocrine manner at distant sites”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The microbiome and immunity
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Abt et al., 2012 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“a disruption of the existing state of equilibrium of the gut microbiota post-HSCT with a relative dysbiosis and a loss of bacterial diversity and stability and dominance of Enterococcus, Streptococcus and various Proteobacteria”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and stem cell transplantation
What the sources say
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Dysbiosis and impaired systemic immunity is fairly common in these patients, as they are often treated with concurrent therapies that significantly alter immunity and composition of the gut microbiota”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and stem cell transplantation
What the sources say
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“PAMPs act to induce maturation of antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells (DCs) as they sample antigen from the lumen”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The microbiome and immunity
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Lathrop et al., 2011 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“there are trillions of microbes as numerous as human cells, that interact with the host constantly at numerous sites”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The microbiome and immunity
What the sources say
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“dysbiosis, which is characterized by a less diverse and less stable microbiota, with potential enrichment of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The microbiome and immunity
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Frosali et al., 2015
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The administration of the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG alone or in combination with Ciprofloxacin before and during transplantation in mice was associated with reduced rates of GVHD and improved overall survival”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and stem cell transplantation
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Gerbitz et al., 2004 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“treatment-limiting toxicity with anti-PD-1 (16%), anti-CTLA-4 (27%), and combination therapies (65%)”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and immunotherapy
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Larkin et al., 2015 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“This suggests that disrupting the gut microbiota (via antibiotic use) could potentially impair anti-tumor immune responses as well as response to immune checkpoint blockade”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and immunotherapy
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Routy et al., 2018 source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The efficacy of anti-CTLA-4 therapy was markedly reduced in GF mice and SPF mice with broad-spectrum antibiotics.”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and immunotherapy
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Vetizou et al., 2015 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The onset of acute-GVHD is associated with significant shifts in the composition of the microbiota with a loss of overall diversity and reduction of health-promoting obligate anaerobes such as Faecalibacterium, Ruminococcus, Lactobacillus, and Blautia, and an enrichment of Enterococcus and Clostridiales”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and stem cell transplantation
What the sources say
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“These effects were mediated by increased densities of CD8+ T-cells and reduced FoxP3+CD4+ Tregs in the tumor microenvironment”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and immunotherapy
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Matson et al., 2018 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Important initial insights came from murine models (Sivan et al., 2015, Vetizou et al., 2015), and many of these findings have now been validated in several patient cohorts treated with immunotherapy, specifically immune checkpoint blockade.”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and immunotherapy
What the sources say
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“administration of A. muciniphilia in these mice was associated with increased intra-tumoral immune infiltrates mediated by the recruitment of CCR9+CXCR3+CD4+ T cells into the tumor bed and increased ratio of CD4+ T-cells to CD4+FoxP3+ T-cells (Tregs) in response to PD1 blockade”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and immunotherapy
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Routy et al., 2018 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Immune responses to cyclophosphamide have also been shown to be dependent on MyD88 and TLR signaling - suggesting that commensal microorganisms may play a role.”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and immunotherapy
What the sources say
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“mice receiving FMT from R had significantly delayed tumor outgrowth and enhanced response to treatment with immune checkpoint blockade”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and immunotherapy
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Gopalakrishnan et al., 2018 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“NR had significantly lower diversity of gut bacteria and higher abundance of Bacteroidales”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and immunotherapy
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Gopalakrishnan et al., 2018 source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“mice that received responder-stool growing tumors at slower rate and having markedly improved efficacy to anti-PD- L1 immunotherapy when compared to mice that received non-responder stool”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and immunotherapy
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Matson et al., 2018 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“the effects of cyclophosphamide and other chemotherapy regimens were abrogated in GF or antibiotic- treated mice and were differentially impacted by the presence of particular bacterial species”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and immunotherapy
What the sources say
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“patients who responded to anti-PD-1 therapy had a significantly higher diversity of bacteria in their gut microbiota as well as a higher relative abundance of Clostridiales, Ruminococcaceae, and Faecalibacterium”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and immunotherapy
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Gopalakrishnan et al., 2018 source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“these data provide strong evidence that the gut microbiota can modulate anti-tumor immune responses and responses to immune checkpoint blockade.”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and immunotherapy
boostedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Given the importance of these bacteria in implications for cancer therapy, it’s possible that diet could serve as a possible strategy to improve outcomes through modulation of the microbiome.”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > Manipulating the gut microbiota to improve responses to therapy > Diet
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“dietary intake can also promote differential composition of the microbiome, with evidence that profound and intensive changes in dietary regimens can significantly alter the gut microbiota in a relatively short amount of time (David et al., 2014).”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > Manipulating the gut microbiota to improve responses to therapy > Diet
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites David et al., 2014 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“dietary and lifestyle factors may also account for some of the differences in bacterial taxa observed across the studies.”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and immunotherapy
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“FMT has already been employed in other patient populations, showing significant success in curing C. difficile infection resistant to conventional therapies (Borody et al., 2004).”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > Manipulating the gut microbiota to improve responses to therapy > Fecal Microbiota Transplant (FMT)
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Borody et al., 2004 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Dietary fiber is one component that has been shown to have a profound influence on the composition of the gut microbiome, with a decrease in the abundance of immune-promoting F. prausnitzii (Benus et al., 2010) and the SCFA butyrate in stool samples after reducing dietary fiber in healthy human subjects.”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > Manipulating the gut microbiota to improve responses to therapy > Diet
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Benus et al., 2010 source
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Geographical influences also may exist, as these studies were performed in centers at different locations around the world.”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and immunotherapy
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The current body of literature in this area has mapped the responsiveness of specific 15 bacterial groups and their downstream metabolites to a variety of nutrients and immune parameters and provides preliminary insight into how dietary modulation could be used as a strategy to enrich the gut microbiome and immune health (Ma et al., 2018, Shortt et al., 2018)”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > Manipulating the gut microbiota to improve responses to therapy > Diet
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Ma et al., 2018
- Not checked yetcites Shortt et al., 2018 source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“at lower levels of taxonomy within these phyla these generalizations do not apply, as some taxa within Firmicutes have been associated with a lack of response (Roseburia, Streptococcus)”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and immunotherapy
What the sources say
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one. The quote only partly states this claim.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Bacteroidetes have also been associated with response (such as Akkermansia muciniphila, Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium adolescentis, and Colinsela aerofaciens) and non-response (such as Actinomyces viscosus, Garnderella vaginalis) (Frankel et al., 2017, Gopalakrishnan et al., 2018, Matson et al., 2018, Routy et al., 2018).”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and immunotherapy
What the sources say
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“A major function of the gut microbiota is to aid in host food digestion, harvesting key nutrients that the host is incapable of metabolizing without the help of microbes (Backhed et al., 2005).”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > Manipulating the gut microbiota to improve responses to therapy > Diet
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Backhed et al., 2005 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“bacterial taxa within the Bacteroidales order of the Bacteroidetes phylum have been associated with a lack of response to immune checkpoint blockade (Bacteroidales), while a higher abundance of these taxa within the gut are also generally associated with a lower incidence of toxicity”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and immunotherapy
What the sources say
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“patients with colitis had increased expression of ICOS on the surface of effector CD4+ T-cells and low levels of Tregs and systemic inflammatory proteins such as IL-6, IL-8 and sCD25 in the blood at baseline, which may be related to the compositional differences in the microbiome”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and immunotherapy
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Chaput et al., 2017 source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Several trials using probiotics in cancer patients have been initiated with some completed, and most studies have focused on safety and biomarker-related endpoints, with a minority including cancer- related outcomes (such as disease-free survival) as a primary endpoint (NCT02079662).”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > Manipulating the gut microbiota to improve responses to therapy > Administration of bacterial consortia or “designer probiotics”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites NCT02079662
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper relies on this without support.
Effective conventional chemotherapy requires intact immune responses.
“effective treatment with conventional chemotherapy is also dependent on intact immune responses”
The paper relies on this without support.
GVHD susceptibility varies with the conditioning regimen, HLA mismatch and donor cell activation status.
“GVHD susceptibility varies with the type and extent of conditioning regimen, the degree of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) mismatch, and the activation status of donor cells.”
The paper relies on this without support.
A significant fraction of patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors do not have objective or durable responses.
“a significant proportion of patients do not experience objective responses, and when responses do occur, may not be durable”
The paper relies on this without support.
Allogeneic stem cell transplant is one of the earliest effective forms of cancer immunotherapy.
“Though stem cell transplant may be considered one of the earliest effective forms of cancer immunotherapy”
The paper relies on this without support.
Dietary interventions for modulating the gut microbiota tend to have modest effects, and patient compliance is difficult to enforce and monitor.
“While dietary interventions may seem relatively simple to design and implement, the effects on the microbiota can be modest, and patient compliance is difficult to enforce and monitor.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“For example, beneficial gut microbes have been shown to improve the antitumor effects of certain therapies such as ICIs by modulating the immune response.333–335”
From Drug repurposing for cancer therapy (2024) · cites this paper as [333]
In the citing paper
“In addition to regulation of infection and commensal spread, microbiome-immune interactions are implicated in a variety of ‘non-communicable’ gastrointestinal diseases including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)8 and celiac diseases,9 as well as extra-intestinal disorders ranging from rheumatic arthritis,10 metabolic syndrome,11 neurodegenerative disorder12 to malignancy.13”
From Interaction between microbiota and immunity in health and disease (2020) · cites this paper as [13]
In the citing paper
“Moreover, the very same anti-cancer treatment might shape the patient’s microbiome and, at the same time, host’s specific microbiome can deeply affect patient’s response to therapy [19].”
From Gut Microbiota and Cancer: From Pathogenesis to Therapy (2019) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“These two effects combined together may explain the strong involvement of the patient’s microbiome composition in affecting the efficacy of both chemotherapy and immunotherapy [19].”
From Gut Microbiota and Cancer: From Pathogenesis to Therapy (2019) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“Overall, the role of the gut microbiota in shaping the complete immune system has become indisputable [10].”
From Probiotics Regulate Gut Microbiota: An Effective Method to Improve Immunity (2021) · cites this paper as [10]
In the citing paper
“Gut barrier dysfunction is also strongly correlated with other autoimmune, inflammatory, and metabolic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis, heart failure, hypertension, and food allergies, as well as with cancer.10,11”
From Regulation of Intestinal Barrier Function by Microbial Metabolites (2021) · cites this paper as [10]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > The gut microbiota in response and toxicity to immunotherapy > The gut microbiota and stem cell transplantation
“early studies demonstrating reduced rates of GVHD in patients treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics prior to HSCT (van Bekkum et al., 1974)”
§ The influence of the gut microbiome on cancer, immunity, and cancer immunotherapy > References
“64. VAN BEKKUM DW, ROODENBURG J, HEIDT PJ & VAN DER WAAIJ D 1974 Mitigation of secondary disease of allogeneic mouse radiation chimeras by modification of the intestinal microflora.”
Citations
Cites
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David, L. A., Maurice, C. F., Carmody, R. N., Gootenberg, D. B., Button, J. E., Wolfe, B. E., Ling, A. V., Devlin, A. S., Varma, Y., Fischbach, M. A., et al. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12820 · Cited by 10,100
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“Recent evidence substantiates the need for preserved overall systemic immunity in mediating responses to immunotherapy specifically (Chen and Mellman, 2013, 2017; Spitzer et al., 2017).”
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Gut microbiome influences efficacy of PD-1-based immunotherapy against epithelial tumors
Routy, B., Le Chatelier, E., Derosa, L., Duong, C. P. M., Alou, M. T., Daillère, R., Fluckiger, A., Messaoudene, M., Rauber, C., Roberti, M. P., et al. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aan3706 · Cited by 5,671
Primary, Adaptive, and Acquired Resistance to Cancer Immunotherapy
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Self-citationRevised Estimates for the Number of Human and Bacteria Cells in the Body
Sender, R., Fuchs, S., & Milo, R. (2016) · PLOS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002533 · Cited by 5,425 · cited 1×
“Therefore, it is not surprising that they play such a large role in numerous host functions including immunity (Sender et al., 2016; Morgan and Huttenhower, 2012).”
BackgroundElements of cancer immunity and the cancer–immune set point
Chen, D. S., & Mellman, I. (2017) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature21349 · Cited by 5,352 · cited 1×
“Recent evidence substantiates the need for preserved overall systemic immunity in mediating responses to immunotherapy specifically (Chen and Mellman, 2013, 2017; Spitzer et al., 2017).”
BackgroundHost-Bacterial Mutualism in the Human Intestine
Bäckhed, F., Ley, R. E., Sonnenburg, J. L., Peterson, D. A., & Gordon, J. I. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1104816 · Cited by 5,277 · cited 2×
“…component that has been shown to have a profound influence on the composition of the gut microbiome, with a decrease in the abundance of immune-promoting F. prausnitzii (Benus et al., 2010) and the SCFA-butyrate in stool samples after a reduction in dietary fiber intake in healthy human subjects.”
BackgroundLetunić, I., & Bork, P. (2016) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkw290 · Cited by 5,023 · cited 2×
“Phylogenetic Tree Summarizing Previously Established Links between theGutMicrobiome, TreatmentOutcomes, and Toxicities in Cancer Patient Populations A phylogenetic tree was constructed using evolutionary distances with the phyloT software (Letunic and Bork, 2016) to depict phylogenetic similarity (or lack thereof) of…”
Method
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 1,000
The potential role of the microbiota in prostate cancer pathogenesis and treatment
Pernigoni, N., Guo, C. W., Gallagher, L., Yuan, W., Colucci, M., Troiani, M., Liu, L., Maraccani, L., Guccini, I., Migliorini, D., et al. (2023) · Nature Reviews Urology · doi:10.1038/s41585-023-00795-2 · Cited by 72
A systems approach to clinical oncology uses deep phenotyping to deliver personalized care
Yurkovich, J. T., Tian, Q., Price, N. D., & Hood, L. (2019) · Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1038/s41571-019-0273-6 · Cited by 73
Harnessing the Microbiome for Pancreatic Cancer Immunotherapy
Vitiello, G. A., Cohen, D. J., & Miller, G. (2019) · Trends in cancer · doi:10.1016/j.trecan.2019.10.005 · Cited by 65
Chen, C., Lu, Y., Cheng, A., Huang, C., Kuo, W., Wang, M., Chao, M., Chen, I., Kuo, C.-W., Lu, T., et al. (2019) · The Oncologist · doi:10.1634/theoncologist.2019-0123 · Cited by 66
“For example, numerous studies have shown the crosstalk of gut microbiome and the immune system, and the influence of the microbiome on the cancer immunotherapy response [42].”
BackgroundBenzene exposure induces gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolic disorder in mice
Sun, R., Xu, K., Ji, S., Pu, Y., Man, Z., Ji, J., Chen, M., Yin, L., Zhang, J., & Pu, Y. (2019) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135879 · Cited by 68
Kang, C., & Syed, Y. Y. (2020) · Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40265-020-01295-y · Cited by 67
Jang, B., Chang, J. H., Chie, E. K., Kim, K., Park, J. W., Kim, M. J., Song, E., Nam, Y., Kang, S. W., Jeong, S., et al. (2020) · International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics · doi:10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.04.015 · Cited by 66
Passaro, A., Attili, I., Morganti, S., Signore, E. D., Gianoncelli, L., Spitaleri, G., Stati, V., Catania, C., Curigliano, G., & de Marinis, F. (2020) · Cancer Treatment Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.ctrv.2020.102085 · Cited by 65
Sharma, T., Gupta, A., Chauhan, R., Bhat, A. A., Nisar, S., Hashem, S., Akhtar, S., Ahmad, A., Haris, M., Singh, M., et al. (2022) · Cancer and Metastasis Reviews · doi:10.1007/s10555-022-10026-6 · Cited by 71
“The adaptive immunity at distant sites can be induced by effector molecules like cytokines and interferons produced by innate immune cells via TLR recognition of microbial peptides and downstream signaling [149].”
BackgroundGeng, S., Guo, P., Li, X., Shi, Y., Wang, J., Cao, M., Zhang, Y., Zhang, K., Li, A., Song, H., et al. (2024) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/acsnano.3c12687 · Cited by 67
Understanding genomics and the immune environment of penile cancer to improve therapy
Aydın, A. M., Chahoud, J., Adashek, J. J., Azizi, M., Magliocco, A. M., Ross, J. S., Necchi, A., & Spiess, P. E. (2020) · Nature Reviews Urology · doi:10.1038/s41585-020-0359-z · Cited by 66
The interplay of obesity, gut microbiome and diet in the immune check point inhibitors therapy era
Spyrou, N., Vallianou, N. G., Kadillari, J., & Dalamaga, Μ. (2021) · Seminars in Cancer Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.05.008 · Cited by 66
Intestinal microbiota modulates pancreatic carcinogenesis through intratumoral natural killer cells
Qin, Y., Newsome, R. C., Beveridge, M. J., Hernandez, M. C., Gharaibeh, R. Z., Jobin, C., & Thomas, R. M. (2022) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2022.2112881 · Cited by 65
“The intestinal microbiota, composed of trillions of microorganisms, has both beneficial and deleterious roles in various human diseases, including pancreatic cancer.(4,5) A recent study by Kartal et al.”
BackgroundBifidobacterium modulation of tumor immunotherapy and its mechanism
Pei, B., Peng, S., Huang, C., & Zhou, F. (2024) · Cancer Immunology Immunotherapy · doi:10.1007/s00262-024-03665-x · Cited by 71
“Supplementation with an oral probiotic containing Bifidobacterium spp. was also found to restore the anti-PD-L1 therapeutic effect in mice with “dysregulated” intestinal probiotics [89].”
BackgroundGut Microbiome Modulates Response to Cancer Immunotherapy
Khan, M. A. W., Ologun, G. O., Arora, R., McQuade, J. L., & Wargo, J. A. (2020) · Digestive Diseases and Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10620-020-06111-x · Cited by 69
Self-citationInamura, K. (2020) · Seminars in Cancer Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.06.006 · Cited by 63
Shao, X., Liu, L., Zhou, Y., Zhong, K., Gu, J., Hu, T., Yao, Y., Zhou, C., & Chen, W. (2023) · International Journal of Biological Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijbs.86717 · Cited by 66
“Gut microbiota has been shown to be closely related to the maintenance of health, and alterations in the microbiome have been linked to the occurrence of many diseases [41, 42].”
Caenepeel, C., Tabib, N. S. S., Vieira‐Silva, S., & Vermeire, S. (2020) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.16096 · Cited by 65
Tumor-Associated Microbiome: Where Do We Stand?
Oliva, M., Mulet-Margalef, N., Ochoa-de-Olza, M., Napoli, S., Mas-Lloret, J., Laquente, B., Alemany, L., Duell, E. J., Nuciforo, P. G., & Moreno, V. R. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22031446 · Cited by 63
Targeting the Gut Microbiome to Mitigate Immunotherapy-Induced Colitis in Cancer
Chang, A. E., Golob, J. L., Schmidt, T. M., Peltier, D. C., Lao, C. D., & Tewari, M. (2021) · Trends in Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.trecan.2021.02.005 · Cited by 62
Jaye, K. M., Li, C. G., & Bhuyan, D. J. (2021) · Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology · doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103429 · Cited by 64
Intestinal toxicity to CTLA-4 blockade driven by IL-6 and myeloid infiltration
Zhou, Y., Medik, Y. B., Patel, B., Zamler, D. B., Chen, S., Chapman, T., Schneider, S. M., Park, E. M., Babcock, R. L., Chrisikos, T. T., et al. (2022) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20221333 · Cited by 63
“Recent work has generated important correlatives between specific taxa and response or toxicity with ICB treatment (Andrews et al., 2021; Chaput et al., 2017; Gopalakrishnan et al., 2018b; McCulloch et al., 2022; Routy et al., 2018).”
Self-citationde Carvalho, A. C., Pereira, L. D. M., Datorre, J. G., dos Santos, W., Berardinelli, G. N., Matsushita, M., de Oliveira, M. A., Durães, R. O., Guimarães, D. P., & Reis, R. M. (2019) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2019.00813 · Cited by 64
The Impact of Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolites on the Tumor Immune Microenvironment
Luu, M., Schütz, B., Lauth, M., & Visekruna, A. (2023) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers15051588 · Cited by 65
Mangan, B. L., McAlister, R. K., Balko, J. M., Johnson, D. B., Moslehi, J. J., Gibson, A., & Phillips, E. J. (2020) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bcp.14433 · Cited by 62
“lead to low diversity have been correlated with effects on ICI efficacy and an increase in toxicity.(112) The lack of certain microbiota such as Bacteroides, and an increase in inducible costimulator expression, have”
BackgroundWang, N., Wu, S., Huang, L., Hu, Y., He, X., He, J., Hu, B., Xu, Y., Rong, Y., Yuan, C., et al. (2025) · Journal of Biomedical Science · doi:10.1186/s12929-025-01117-x · Cited by 62
“Intratumoral microbiomes may affect proximal and distant immunity and alter the clinical outcomes of patients with tumors [121, 122].”
The Role of DNA Damage Response in Dysbiosis-Induced Colorectal Cancer
Rivas-Domínguez, A., Pastor, N., Martínez-López, L., Colón-Pérez, J., Bermúdez, B., & Orta, M. L. (2021) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells10081934 · Cited by 63
“Subsequently, arachidonic acid is released and converted by Lipoxygenase (LOX) and Cycloxygenase 2 (COX-2) enzymes into inflammatory prostaglandines and ROS overproduction [9].”
BackgroundRoles of microbiota in response to cancer immunotherapy
Inamura, K. (2020) · Seminars in Cancer Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.12.026 · Cited by 62
The tumor organismal environment: Role in tumor development and cancer immunotherapy
Dieterich, L. C., & Bikfalvi, A. (2019) · Seminars in Cancer Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.12.021 · Cited by 61
“) may stimulate vascular permeability and angiogenesis, as well as bacterial metabolites that may modify tumor metabolism (125).”
BackgroundGut Microbiota and Antitumor Immunity: Potential Mechanisms for Clinical Effect
Baruch, E. N., Wang, J., & Wargo, J. A. (2021) · Cancer Immunology Research · doi:10.1158/2326-6066.cir-20-0877 · Cited by 59
“These consortia have been informedby human cohort studies and preclinical models (44, 45) and contain either consortia derived from donors with what are considered to be favorable gut microbiota signatures (NCT03817125) or consortia engineered based on results from studies involving transplantation of human fecal matt…”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe role of the gut microbiota in gastric cancer: the immunoregulation and immunotherapy
Wang, M., Yang, G., Tian, Y., Zhang, Q., Liu, Z., & Xin, Y. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1183331 · Cited by 60
Mandal, K., Barik, G. K., & Santra, M. K. (2025) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-025-02400-z · Cited by 69
Microbiota-Propelled T Helper 17 Cells in Inflammatory Diseases and Cancer
Bellone, M., Brevi, A., & Huber, S. (2020) · Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews · doi:10.1128/mmbr.00064-19 · Cited by 60
Bacterial SNPs in the human gut microbiome associate with host BMI
Zahavi, L., Lavon, A., Reicher, L., Shoer, S., Godneva, A., Leviatan, S., Rein, M., Weissbrod, O., Weinberger, A., & Segal, E. (2023) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-023-02599-8 · Cited by 58
“The human gut microbiome is important for host health and is associated with a wide array of diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes and even cancer 1–7 .”
BackgroundThe role of the bacterial microbiome in the treatment of cancer
Yu, Z., Xie, R., You, R., Liu, Y., Chen, X.-Y., Chen, M., & Huang, P.-Y. (2021) · BMC Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12885-021-08664-0 · Cited by 57
“In other words, if the response of the therapy is closely related to the immune response, the therapy tends to be greatly affected by the microbiome, especially the gut microbiome, which has been proven to be closely related to the host immunity of pathogens and cancer [17, 30, 106].”
BackgroundBacterial extracellular vesicle applications in cancer immunotherapy
Suri, K., D’souza, A. A., Huang, D., Bhavsar, A., & Amiji, M. M. (2022) · Bioactive Materials · doi:10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.10.024 · Cited by 60
Effects of gut microbiota on immune responses and immunotherapy in colorectal cancer
Hou, X., Zheng, Z., Wei, J., & Zhao, L. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.1030745 · Cited by 61
“It is important to decipher the specialized roles of gut microbiota in regulating the immune response in cancer, as the current landscape of the gut microbiota-host immune axis has expanded from basic research to clinical development (92).”
BackgroundGut microbiome homeostasis and the future of probiotics in cancer immunotherapy
Singh, A., Alexander, S., & Martin, S. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1114499 · Cited by 68
Systematic Review of Beef Protein Effects on Gut Microbiota: Implications for Health
Albracht‐Schulte, K., Islam, T., Johnson, P. M., & Moustaïd‐Moussa, N. (2020) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/advances/nmaa085 · Cited by 58
“and metabolic diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular disease (12, 13).”
BackgroundS-Nitrosylation in Tumor Microenvironment
Sharma, V., Fernando, V., Letson, J., Walia, Y., Zheng, X., Fackelman, D., & Furuta, S. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22094600 · Cited by 59
Targeting obesity-related dysfunction in hormonally driven cancers
Rubinstein, M. M. Z., Brown, K. A., & Iyengar, N. M. (2021) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/s41416-021-01393-y · Cited by 61
Yuan, X., Chang, C., Chen, X., & Li, K. (2021) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-021-03009-8 · Cited by 60
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“whose work covered both solid and hematologic tumors (58).”
BackgroundStorkus, W. J., Maurer, D. M., Lin, Y., Ding, F., Bose, A., Lowe, D. B., Rose, A. E., DeMark, M., Karapetyan, L., Taylor, J. L., et al. (2021) · Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer · doi:10.1136/jitc-2021-003675 · Cited by 58
“43 44 Such female versus male dominance in response to immunotherapy has been correlated to sex-associated differences in the microbiome, 45 46 gene-dosing effects of X- chromosome-linked immune gene products, and the comparative immunostimulatory versus immuno-regulatory action of estrogens versus…”
BackgroundMicrobiome and colorectal carcinogenesis: Linked mechanisms and racial differences
Tortora, S. C., Bodiwala, V., Quinn, A., Martello, L. A., & Vignesh, S. (2022) · World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology · doi:10.4251/wjgo.v14.i2.375 · Cited by 60
Fang, X., Liu, H., Du, Y., Jiang, L., Gao, F., Wang, Z., Chi, Z., Shi, B., & Zhao, X. (2024) · Research · doi:10.34133/research.0415 · Cited by 56
“Intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction is related to inflammatory responses and leads to increased translocation of bacteria and other inflammatory mediators, further exacerbating pathophysiological conditions [83].”
BackgroundCancer chemoprevention: signaling pathways and strategic approaches
Ren, J., Yan, G., Yang, L., Kong, L., Guan, Y., Sun, H., Liu, C., Liu, L., Han, Y., & Wang, X. (2025) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-025-02167-1 · Cited by 67
Promotion and induction of liver cancer by gut microbiome-mediated modulation of bile acids
Jia, B., & Jeon, C. O. (2019) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1007954 · Cited by 55
The microbiome(s) and cancer: know thy neighbor(s)
González‐Sánchez, P., & DeNicola, G. M. (2021) · The Journal of Pathology · doi:10.1002/path.5661 · Cited by 57
D’Amico, F., Perrone, A. M., Rampelli, S., Coluccelli, S., Barone, M., Ravegnini, G., Fabbrini, M., Brigidi, P., Iaco, P. D., & Turroni, S. (2021) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers13163999 · Cited by 57
“These “more favorable” profiles appear to share greater diversity and greater proportions of health-associated microorganisms, mainly producers of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) [10,19].”
BackgroundThe critical role of tumor microbiome in cancer immunotherapy
Yang, L., Wang, Q., He, L., & Sun, X. (2024) · Cancer Biology & Therapy · doi:10.1080/15384047.2024.2301801 · Cited by 54
“10 The present methodologies for discerning relevant microbial species or communities rely on high-throughput sequencing technologies, such as 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metagenomic shotgun sequencing, which provide insights into the taxonomic composition and functional potential of the…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialHuang, Z., Liu, K., Ma, W., Li, D., Mo, T., & Liu, Q. (2022) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.1018594 · Cited by 68
Zhang, J., Wan, S., Zhou, H., Du, J., Li, Y., Zhu, H., Weng, L., Ding, X., & Wang, L. (2024) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/acsnano.3c13194 · Cited by 56
Microbiome bacterial influencers of host immunity and response to immunotherapy
Yousefi, Y., Baines, K. J., & Vareki, S. M. (2024) · Cell Reports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101487 · Cited by 60
Immunotherapy resistance in non-small cell lung cancer: from mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities
Wang, H., Niu, X., Jin, Z., Zhang, S., Fan, R., Xiao, H., & Hu, S. (2025) · Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1186/s13046-025-03519-z · Cited by 72
“Whether it is caused by underlying disease or antibiotic administration, the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota may have a negative impact on the response to immunotherapy [104, 105].”
Metabolic regulation on the immune environment of glioma through gut microbiota
Lyu, Y., Yang, H., & Liang, C. (2021) · Seminars in Cancer Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.05.005 · Cited by 55
Cascardi, E., Cazzato, G., Daniele, A., Silvestris, E., Cormio, G., Vagno, G. D., Malvası, A., Loizzi, V., Scacco, S., Pinto, V., et al. (2022) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology11081114 · Cited by 55
“One of these studies characterized the microbiota in a population with HPV infection, using laboratory culture, and reported on the presence of ‘abnormal vaginal flora’ (that subsequent investigations would then identify using 16S rRNA analysis) [115,116].”
BackgroundDíaz‐Garrido, N., Fábrega, M.-J., Vera, R., Gíménez, R., Badı́a, J., & Baldomà, L. (2019) · Journal of Functional Foods · doi:10.1016/j.jff.2019.103495 · Cited by 54
Exploring the Modulatory Effects of Gut Microbiota in Anti-Cancer Therapy
Li, W., Deng, X., & Chen, T. (2021) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.644454 · Cited by 55
“Furthermore, there is also a second pathway by which gut microbiota could facilitate the myeloid cell-produced ROS through Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist releasing and the downstream expression of myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) (34).”
BackgroundInfluentialTargeting Myc-driven stress addiction in colorectal cancer
Saeed, H., Leibowitz, B. J., Zhang, L., & Yu, J. (2023) · Drug Resistance Updates · doi:10.1016/j.drup.2023.100963 · Cited by 56
Biofilm and Cancer: Interactions and Future Directions for Cancer Therapy
Choi, E., Murray, B., & Choi, S. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms241612836 · Cited by 53
“Interestingly, it has been suggested that the intestine is the source of intratumoral microbiomes at different locations [128].”
BackgroundAkkermansia muciniphila: A potential target and pending issues for oncotherapy
Zhao, X., Zhao, J., Li, D., Yang, H. K., Chen, C., Qin, M., Wen, Z., He, Z., & Xu, L. (2023) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106916 · Cited by 55
Overcoming resistance to anti-PD1 and anti-PD-L1 treatment in gastrointestinal malignancies
Puccini, A., Battaglin, F., Iaia, M. L., Lenz, H., & Salem, M. E. (2020) · Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer · doi:10.1136/jitc-2019-000404 · Cited by 53
“107 108 Other tumor-extrinsic mechanisms include changes in immune checkpoint expression (eg, CTLA-4 and PD-1), T-cell exhaustion and phenotype change, recruitment of immune suppressive cell populations (eg, T-regs, MDSC and type II macrophages), and cytokine or metabolite release in the tumor…”
BackgroundDong, S., Harrington, B. K., Hu, E. Y., Greene, J. T., Lehman, A. M., Tran, M., Wasmuth, R. L., Long, M., Muthusamy, N., Brown, J. R., et al. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci99386 · Cited by 52
Vryza, P., Fischer, T., Mistakidi, E., & Zaravinos, A. (2023) · Translational Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101788 · Cited by 55
“All in all, the microbiome has shown evidence that supports its significant effect on immune response, with a “healthy” microbiome favoring response to ICIs [115,119].”
BackgroundLu, S., Xu, J., Zhao, Z., Guo, Y., Zhang, H., Jurutka, P. W., Huang, D., Cao, C., & Cheng, S. (2023) · Food & Function · doi:10.1039/d3fo02018e · Cited by 54
Yin, Y. B., Li, Z., Gao, H., Zhou, D., Zhu, Z., Tao, L., Guan, W., Gao, Y., Song, Y., & Wang, M. (2024) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03580 · Cited by 53
Ocular Surface Microbiota in Diabetic Patients With Dry Eye Disease
Zhang, Z., Zou, X., Xue, W., Zhang, P., Wang, S., & Zou, H. (2021) · Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science · doi:10.1167/iovs.62.12.13 · Cited by 52
“Schirmer’s test LE (mm) 4 [2, 4] 15 [12, 17] 4 [3, 5] 12 [10, 17] <0.”
Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy: Leveraging the Immune System to Treat Early-Stage Disease
Mittendorf, E. A., Burgers, F. H., Haanen, J. B. A. G., & Cascone, T. (2022) · American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book · doi:10.1200/edbk_349411 · Cited by 54
Jiang, S., Ma, W., Ma, C., Zhang, Z., Zhang, W., & Zhang, J. (2024) · Gut Microbes · doi:10.1080/19490976.2024.2341717 · Cited by 52
Mechanisms of Primary and Secondary Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cancer
Seto, T., Sam, D. L., & Pan, M. (2019) · Medical Sciences · doi:10.3390/medsci7020014 · Cited by 52
“The influence of gut microbiota on the response of the host’s malignancy to ICPis is consistent with the regulatory roles of the gut flora on the host’s immune reactive state [4,7].”
BackgroundDistinct B cell subsets in Peyer’s patches convey probiotic effects by Limosilactobacillus reuteri
Liu, H., Giraud, A., Seignez, C., Ahl, D., Guo, F., Sedin, J., Waldén, T. B., Oh, J., van Pijkeren, J. P., Holm, L. P., et al. (2021) · Microbiome · doi:10.1186/s40168-021-01128-4 · Cited by 53
Systemic Immunoregulatory Consequences of Gut Commensal Translocation
McPherson, A. C., Pandey, S., Bender, M. J., & Meisel, M. (2021) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2020.12.005 · Cited by 51
Tumor microbiome metabolism: A game changer in cancer development and therapy
Zhou, X., Kandalai, S., Hossain, F., & Zheng, Q. (2022) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2022.933407 · Cited by 54
“Frontiers in Oncology 03 immunity (54) and plays an essential role in the clinical efficiency of cancer immunotherapy (55).”
BackgroundThe Resistance Mechanisms of Checkpoint Inhibitors in Solid Tumors
Koustas, E., Sarantis, P., Papavassiliou, A. G., & Karamouzis, M. V. (2020) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom10050666 · Cited by 55
Understanding adverse events of immunotherapy: A mechanistic perspective
Burke, K. P., Grebinoski, S., Sharpe, A. H., & Vignali, D. A. A. (2020) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20192179 · Cited by 47
“, 2020), the antitumor response to both anti–CTLA-4 and anti–PD1 may be influenced by the microbiome (Gopalakrishnan et al., 2018); studies have linked a relationship between irAE colitis and specific bacterial phyla, such as Firmicutes.”
BackgroundNanocatalytic bacteria disintegration reverses immunosuppression of colorectal cancer
Jiang, H., Guo, Y., Yu, Z., Hu, P., & Shi, J. (2022) · National Science Review · doi:10.1093/nsr/nwac169 · Cited by 49
“…LPScanberecognizedbyhostpattern-recognition receptors(PRRs),resultinginthepromotedlocal M1polarizationofmacrophagesandmaturationof dendriticcells(DCs)throughinitiatingtheToll-like receptor4(TLR4),adaptormyeloiddifferentiation primaryresponseprotein88(MyD88)andnuclear factor-κ B(NF-κ B)pathways[18].”
Cancer Immunotherapy: Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Brings Light
Zhang, J., Wu, K.-H., Shi, C., & Li, G. (2022) · Current Treatment Options in Oncology · doi:10.1007/s11864-022-01027-2 · Cited by 50
Management of Patients With Fever and Neutropenia Through the Arc of Time
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Harness the functions of gut microbiome in tumorigenesis for cancer treatment
Lee, M. (2021) · Cancer Communications · doi:10.1002/cac2.12200 · Cited by 50
“Evidence has suggested that the gut microbiome is critical in determining the treatment efficacy of ICI therapy, including anti-PD-1, -PD-L1, -cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), or combination immunotherapy.”
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Resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors and the tumor microenvironment
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“Through the analysis of microbial genes and pathways, researchers have identified microbiota-derived metabolites, such as SCFAs and bile acids, that influence tumor growth, immune response, and therapy efficacy [75, 76].”
Regulation of Microbiota by Vitamin D Receptor: A Nuclear Weapon in Metabolic Diseases
Bakke, D., Chatterjee, I., Agrawal, A., Dai, Y. D., & Sun, J. (2018) · Nuclear Receptor Research · doi:10.11131/2018/101377 · Cited by 48
Kareva, I. (2019) · Stem Cells · doi:10.1002/stem.3051 · Cited by 50
Microbiome dysbiosis in cancer: Exploring therapeutic strategies to counter the disease
Sharma, V., Singh, M. P., Kumar, V., Yadav, M. K., Sehrawat, N., Sharma, D. K., & Sharma, A. K. (2020) · Seminars in Cancer Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.07.006 · Cited by 49
Ginsenoside Rk3 Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development through Targeting the Gut-Liver Axis
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How Chemotherapy Affects the Tumor Immune Microenvironment: A Narrative Review
Merlano, M. C., Denaro, N., Galizia, D., Ruatta, F., Occelli, M., Minei, S., Abbona, A., Paccagnella, M., Ghidini, M., & Garrone, O. (2022) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines10081822 · Cited by 48
“Indeed, some reports have shown that the consumption of commercial probiotics reduces response to immunotherapy in melanoma patients [60,61].”
BackgroundMicrobial sensing in the intestine
Wan, T., Wang, Y., He, K., & Zhu, S. (2023) · Protein & Cell · doi:10.1093/procel/pwad028 · Cited by 50
Armored probiotics for oral delivery
Yang, X., Wang, C., Wang, Q., Zhang, Z., Nie, W., & Shang, L. (2023) · Smart Medicine · doi:10.1002/smmd.20230019 · Cited by 48
Complex interactions between the microbiome and cancer immune therapy
Schwartz, D. J., Rebeck, O. N., & Dantas, G. A. (2019) · Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences · doi:10.1080/10408363.2019.1660303 · Cited by 52
“These three landmark papers have been the subject of several reviews by the authors as well as by third parties [4,6,7,91,92].”
In Vitro Models of the Small Intestine: Engineering Challenges and Engineering Solutions
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Pleiotropic Effects of Metformin on the Antitumor Efficiency of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Liu, W., Wang, Y., Luo, J., Liu, M., & Luo, Z. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.586760 · Cited by 46
“Moreover, it could significantly influence the response and toxicity of various forms of cancer therapy (40).”
BackgroundThe role of gut microbiome in modulating response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in cancer
Naqash, A. R., Kihn-Alarcón, A. J., Stavraka, C., Kerrigan, K. C., Vareki, S. M., Pinato, D. J., & Puri, S. (2021) · Annals of Translational Medicine · doi:10.21037/atm-20-6427 · Cited by 47
“Although early studies primarily used mice models, there is now mounting data from human cohorts, suggesting that the gut microbiota is a dominant force in mediating both response and toxicity to these therapeutic strategies (9).”
Akkermansia muciniphila: a potential booster to improve the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy
Fan, S., Jiang, Z., Zhang, Z., Xing, J., Wang, D., & Tang, D. (2023) · Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1007/s00432-023-05199-8 · Cited by 51
“The homeostasis of the gut microbiome is essential for maintaining the health of the host, and the disordered gut microbiome is involved in the development of cancer, so scientists optimize oncotherapy targeted for the gut microbiome (Gopalakrishnan et al. 2018).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Gopalakrishnan, V., Helmink, B. A., Spencer, C. N., Reuben, A., & Wargo, J. A.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wargo, Jennifer A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cancer Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-04
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 570-580
- ISSN
- 1535-6108 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6529202
- OpenAlex
- W2797443945
- Semantic Scholar
- ef32f345e706cb0acf41fe704865c7dd29e8bef1
- Cited by
- 1,392
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 128 · 2025: 171 · 2024: 172 · 2023: 206 · 2022: 219 · 2021: 217 · 2020: 162 · 2019: 89 · 2018: 26
- FWCI
- 12.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cancer Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
- Stand Up To Cancer (SU2C-AACR-IRG-19-17)
- Melanoma Research Alliance (4022024)
- U.S. Department of Defense (W81XWH-16-1-0121)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biotechnology › Bacterial Cancer Therapy
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, cancer, immunity, cancer immunotherapy, microbiota modulation, precision medicine
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Bacteria, Clinical Trials as Topic, Humans, Immunotherapy, Neoplasms, Monitoring, Immunologic, Probiotics, Precision Medicine
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