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The DOI matches its Crossref record; 172 of the 172 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Fetal monocytes and the origins of tissue-resident macrophages

Hoeffel, Guillaume, Ginhoux, Florent·2018·Cellular Immunology

Abstract

Tissue-resident macrophages have pivotal functions for tissue defense and homeostasis. Two main discoveries have changed our current understanding of macrophage development: Their embryonic origin and their ability to self-renew throughout the lifespan. It is now well accepted that most tissue-resident macrophages are long-lived cells derived from a transient hematopoietic wave of erythro-myeloid progenitors (EMPs) emerging in the yolk sac. At least two distinct pathways derived from EMPs have been implicated in macrophage development. The first one, c-Myb-independent is giving rise to yolk sac macrophages also called primitive macrophages, and bypassing the classical monocytic intermediates. The second requires c-Myb expression and start once EMPs seed the fetal liver where they generate fetal monocytes. Sequentially, primitive macrophages seed every tissue and will ultimately give rise to microglia in the brain, rapidly isolated by the blood brain barrier, while EMP-derived fetal monocytes infiltrate every other tissues and gradually generate the major pool of adult tissue-resident macrophages by diluting the initial primitive macrophage contribution. A third wave of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC)-derived monocytes is also emerging from the fetal liver to contribute to the long-lived macrophage pool established at birth while the adult hematopoiesis is only starting in the bone marrow. We propose here to review recent insights about the different embryonic hematopoietic programs responsible for the generation of long-lived tissue-resident macrophages and their maintenance after birth.

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Metadata

Authors
Hoeffel, G., & Ginhoux, F.
Venue
Cellular Immunology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2018-08
Volume
330
Pages
5-15
ISSN
0008-8749 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2782601603
Cited by
401
References
172
FWCI
25.53
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Fetal monocytes and the origins of tissue-resident macrophages. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.01.001
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Hoeffel, G., & Ginhoux, F. (2018). Fetal monocytes and the origins of tissue-resident macrophages. Cellular Immunology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.01.001

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