A Common Allele in FGF21 Associated with Sugar Intake Is Associated with Body Shape, Lower Total Body-Fat Percentage, and Higher Blood Pressure
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Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a hormone that has insulin-sensitizing properties. Some trials of FGF21 analogs show weight loss and lipid-lowering effects. Recent studies have shown that a common allele in the FGF21 gene alters the balance of macronutrients consumed, but there was little evidence of an effect on metabolic traits. We studied a common FGF21 allele (A:rs838133) in 451,099 people from the UK Biobank study, aiming to use the human allele to inform potential adverse and beneficial effects of targeting FGF21. We replicated the association between the A allele and higher percentage carbohydrate intake. We then showed that this allele is more strongly associated with higher blood pressure and waist-hip ratio, despite an association with lower total body-fat percentage, than it is with BMI or type 2 diabetes. These human phenotypes of variation in the FGF21 gene will inform research into FGF21's mechanisms and therapeutic potential.
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These SNPs are also associated with increases in sweet-taste preference and greater waist-to-hip ratios.
“These single-nucleotide polymorphisms are also associated with increases in sweet-taste preference119 and greater waist-to-hip ratios120.”
From Metabolic messengers: FGF21 (2021) · cites this paper as [120]
The FGF21 rs838133 variant associates with increased alcohol intake.
“The FGF21 rs838133 variant associates with increased alcohol intake (40)”
From Fibroblast Growth Factor 21: A Versatile Regulator of Metabolic Homeostasis (2018) · cites this paper as [40]
FGF21 regulates alcohol intake.
“FGF21 also regulates alcohol intake.”
From Fibroblast Growth Factor 21: A Versatile Regulator of Metabolic Homeostasis (2018) · cites this paper as [40]
Additional studies support a relationship between FGF21 and macronutrient intake, including associations with alcohol intake.
“Additional studies have since supported this relationship between FGF21 and macronutrient intake, including associations with alcohol intake”
From FGF21 and the physiological regulation of macronutrient preference (2020) · cites this paper as [174]
FGF21 sequence variants are linked with alterations in macronutrient preference and alcohol intake in humans.
“FGF21 sequence variants are linked with alterations in macronutrient preference and alcohol intake in humans”
From FGF21 and the physiological regulation of macronutrient preference (2020) · cites this paper as [174]
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FGF21 counteracts alcohol intoxication by activating the noradrenergic nervous system
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Perspectives on Multisensory Human-Food Interaction
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- Authors
- Frayling, T. M., Beaumont, R. N., Jones, S. E., Yaghootkar, H., Tuke, M. A., Ruth, K. S., Casanova, F., West, B., Locke, J., Sharp, S., Ji, Y., Thompson, W., Harrison, J., Etheridge, A. S., Gallins, P. J., Jima, D., Wright, F., Zhou, Y., Innocenti, F., Lindgren, C. M., Grarup, N., Murray, A., Freathy, R. M., Weedon, M. N., Tyrrell, J., & Wood, A. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Exeter (GB)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- North Carolina State University (US)
- Broad Institute (US)
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Frayling, Timothy M.
- ORCID
- Frayling, Timothy M.
- Beaumont, Robin N.
- Jones, Samuel E.
- Yaghootkar, Hanieh
- Tuke, Marcus A.
- Ruth, Katherine S.
- Casanova, Francesco
- Locke, Jonathan
- Sharp, Seth
- Ji, Yingjie
- Thompson, William
- Harrison, Jamie
- Etheridge, Amy S.
- Gallins, Paul J.
- Jima, Dereje
- Wright, Fred
- Innocenti, Federico
- Lindgren, Cecilia M.
- Grarup, Niels
- Murray, Anna
- Freathy, Rachel M.
- Weedon, Michael N.
- Tyrrell, Jessica
- Wood, Andrew R.
- Venue
- Cell Reports
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-04
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 327-336
- ISSN
- 2211-1247 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5912948
- OpenAlex
- W2796661731
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 4
- FWCI
- 4.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Open Research Exeter (University of Exeter) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Royal Society (104150/Z/14/Z)
- Wellcome Trust
- Diabetes UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust/Institute of Cancer Research
- European Research Council (323195, GLUCOSEGENES-FP7-IDEAS-ERC)
- Medical Research Council (MR/M005070/1, WT097835MF)
- European Regional Development Fund
- National Institute for Health and Care Research
- Novo Nordisk Fonden (9055, 9072)
- Diabetes Research and Wellness Foundation
- Li Ka Shing Foundation
- National Institutes of Health (CRR00070 CR00.01)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fibroblast Growth Factor Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Keywords
- FGF21, single nucleotide polymorphisms, sugar consumption, carbohydrate intake, body shape, waist-to-hip ratio, body fat percentage, blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, insulin sensitivity, FGF21 analogs, genetic association
- MeSH terms
- Sugars, Adult, Aged, Alcohol Drinking, Alleles, Blood Pressure, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Fibroblast Growth Factors, United Kingdom, Humans, Middle Aged, Phenotype, Body Mass Index, Databases, Factual, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Body Size, Body Fat Distribution, Genome-Wide Association Study, Diet, High-Fat
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