Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Controls Glycemia via Regulation of Hepatic Glucose Flux and Insulin Sensitivity
Open accessAbstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a novel metabolic regulator shown to improve glycemic control. However, the molecular and functional mechanisms underlying FGF21-mediated improvements in glycemic control are not completely understood. We examined FGF21 effects on insulin sensitivity and glucose fluxes upon chronic (daily injection for 8 d) and acute (6 h infusion) administration in ob/+ and ob/ob mice. Results show that chronic FGF21 ameliorated fasting hyperglycemia in ob/ob mice via increased glucose disposal and improved hepatic insulin sensitivity. Acute FGF21 suppressed hepatic glucose production, increased liver glycogen, lowered glucagon, and improved glucose clearance in ob/+ mice. These effects were blunted in ob/ob mice. Neither chronic nor acute FGF21 altered skeletal muscle or adipose tissue glucose uptake in either genotype. In conclusion, FGF21 has potent glycemic effects caused by hepatic changes in glucose flux and improved insulin sensitivity. Thus, these studies define mechanisms underlying anti-hyperglycemic actions of FGF21 and support its therapeutic potential.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The decrease in plasma glucose occurs primarily through increased peripheral glucose disposal, although decreases in hepatic glucose production have also been observed.
“This decrease in plasma glucose levels occurs primarily through increased peripheral glucose disposal41,56,65, although decreases in hepatic glucose production have also been observed66.”
From Metabolic messengers: FGF21 (2021) · cites this paper as [66]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
FGF-21 as a novel metabolic regulator
Kharitonenkov, A., Shiyanova, T. L., Koester, A., Ford, A. M., Micanovic, R., Galbreath, E. J., Sandusky, G. E., Hammond, L. J., Moyers, J. S., Owens, R. A., et al. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci23606 · Cited by 2,125 · see citing works
Self-citationInagaki, T., Dutchak, P., Zhao, G., Ding, X., Gautron, L., Parameswara, V., Li, Y., Goetz, R., Mohammadi, M., Esser, V., et al. (2007) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2007.05.003 · Cited by 1,504 · see citing works
Badman, M. K., Pissios, P., Kennedy, A. R., Koukos, G., Flier, J. S., & Maratos-Flier, E. (2007) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2007.05.002 · Cited by 1,495 · see citing works
Xu, J., Lloyd, D. J., Hale, C., Stanislaus, S., Chen, M., Sivits, G., Vonderfecht, S., Hecht, R., Li, Y.-S., Lindberg, R. A., et al. (2009) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db08-0392 · Cited by 1,151 · see citing works
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Corrects Obesity in Mice
Coskun, T., Bina, H. A., Schneider, M. A., Dunbar, J. D., Hu, C. C., Chen, Y., Moller, D. E., & Kharitonenkov, A. (2008) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2008-0816 · Cited by 1,031 · see citing works
Self-citationZhang, X., Yeung, D. C. Y., Karpisek, M., Stejskal, D., Zhou, Z.-G., Liu, F., Wong, R. L. C., Chow, W.-S., Tso, A. W. K., Lam, K. S. L., et al. (2008) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db07-1476 · Cited by 908 · see citing works
The metabolic state of diabetic monkeys is regulated by fibroblast growth factor-21
Kharitonenkov, A., Wroblewski, V. J., Koester, A., Chen, Y.-F., Clutinger, C. K., Tigno, X. T., Hansen, B. C., Shanafelt, A. B., & Etgen, G. J. (2007) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2006-1168 · Cited by 738 · see citing works
Self-citationβKlotho is required for metabolic activity of fibroblast growth factor 21
Ogawa, Y., Kurosu, H., Yamamoto, M., Nandi, A., Rosenblatt, K. P., Goetz, R., Eliseenkova, A. V., Mohammadi, M., & Kuro-o, M. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0701600104 · Cited by 617 · see citing works
Viollet, B., Foretz, M., Guigas, B., Horman, S., Dentin, R., Bertrand, L., Hue, L., & Andréelli, F. (2006) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2006.108506 · Cited by 529 · see citing works
Wente, W., Efanov, A. M., Brenner, M. B., Kharitonenkov, A., Koster, A. M., Sandusky, G. E., Sewing, S., Treinies, I., Zitzer, H., & Gromada, J. (2006) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db05-1435 · Cited by 497 · see citing works
Self-citationChan, T. M., & Exton, J. H. (1976) · Analytical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/0003-2697(76)90014-2 · Cited by 416 · see citing works
FGF21 is an Akt‐regulated myokine
Izumiya, Y., Bina, H. A., Ouchi, N., Akasaki, Y., Kharitonenkov, A., & Walsh, K. (2008) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2008.10.021 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
Self-citationConsiderations in the Design of Hyperinsulinemic-Euglycemic Clamps in the Conscious Mouse
Ayala, J. E., Bracy, D. P., McGuinness, O. P., & Wasserman, D. H. (2006) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.55.02.06.db05-0686 · Cited by 399 · see citing works
Self-citationImmunoassay of Insulin Using a Two-Antibody System.
Morgan, C. R., & Lazarow, A. (1962) · Experimental Biology and Medicine · doi:10.3181/00379727-110-27411 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
PPARα is a key regulator of hepatic FGF21
Lundåsen, T., Hunt, M., Nilsson, L.-M., Sanyal, S., Angelin, B., Alexson, S., & Rudling, M. (2007) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.06.068 · Cited by 361 · see citing works
Suzuki, M., Uehara, Y., Motomura-Matsuzaka, K., Oki, J., Koyama, Y., Kimura, M., Asada, M., Komi-Kuramochi, A., Oka, S., & Toru, T. (2008) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/me.2007-0313 · Cited by 345 · see citing works
FGF‐21/FGF‐21 receptor interaction and activation is determined by βKlotho
Kharitonenkov, A., Dunbar, J. D., Bina, H. A., Bright, S. W., Moyers, J. S., Zhang, C., Ding, L., Micanovic, R., Mehrbod, S. F., Knierman, M. D., et al. (2007) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.21357 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
Self-citationMuise, E. S., Azzolina, B., Kuo, D. W., El-Sherbeini, M., Tan, Y., Yuan, X., Mu, J., Thompson, J. R., Berger, J. P., & Wong, K. K. (2008) · Molecular Pharmacology · doi:10.1124/mol.108.044826 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Hajri, T., Han, X. X., Bonen, A., & Abumrad, N. A. (2002) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci14596 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Glucose Metabolism In Vivo in Four Commonly Used Inbred Mouse Strains
Berglund, E. D., Li, C. Y., Poffenberger, G., Ayala, J. E., Fueger, P. T., Willis, S. E., Jewell, M. M., Powers, A. C., & Wasserman, D. H. (2008) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db07-1615 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Self-citationAyala, J. E., Bracy, D. P., Julien, B. M., Rottman, J. N., Fueger, P. T., & Wasserman, D. H. (2007) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db06-0883 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Self-citationFGF21 attenuates lipolysis in human adipocytes – A possible link to improved insulin sensitivity
Arner, P., Pettersson, A., Mitchell, P. J., Dunbar, J. D., Kharitonenkov, A., & Rydén, M. (2008) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2008.04.038 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Self-citationHajri, T., Han, X. X., Bonen, A., & Abumrad, N. A. (2002) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci0214596 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
New approaches in the treatment of type 2 diabetes
Zhang, B. B., & Moller, D. E. (2000) · Current Opinion in Chemical Biology · doi:10.1016/s1367-5931(00)00103-4 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Molecular determinants of FGF‐21 activity—synergy and cross‐talk with PPARγ signaling
Moyers, J. S., Shiyanova, T. L., Mehrbod, F., Dunbar, J. D., Noblitt, T. W., Otto, K. A., Reifel-Miller, A. E., & Kharitonenkov, A. (2006) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.20847 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Self-citationChen, W.-W., Li, L., Yang, G.-Y., Li, K., Qi, X.-Y., Zhu, W., Tang, Y., Liu, H., & Boden, G. (2007) · Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes · doi:10.1055/s-2007-985148 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Barzilai, N., & Rossetti, L. (1993) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(19)74566-9 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Correction of diabetic alterations by glucokinase.
Ferré, T., Pujol, A., Riu, E., Bosch, F., & Valera, A. (1996) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.93.14.7225 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Park, E. A., Mynatt, R. L., Cook, G. A., & Kashfi, K. (1995) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj3100853 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 as a Therapeutic Agent for Metabolic Diseases
Kharitonenkov, A., & Shanafelt, A. B. (2008) · BioDrugs · doi:10.2165/00063030-200822010-00004 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Self-citationPreventing Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes
Eckel, R. H., Kahn, R., Robertson, R. M., & Rizza, R. A. (2006) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc06-9911 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
FGF21: a novel prospect for the treatment of metabolic diseases.
Kharitonenkov, A., & Shanafelt, A. B. (2009) · PubMed · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Self-citationSatapati, S., He, T., Inagaki, T., Potthoff, M. J., Merritt, M. E., Esser, V., Mangelsdorf, D. J., Kliewer, S. A., Browning, J. D., & Burgess, S. C. (2008) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db08-0226 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Carbohydrate Metabolism of Hypophysectomized Dogs as Studied With Radioactive Glucose
Steele, R., Wall, J. S., de Bodo, R. C., & ALTSZULER, N. (1956) · American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content · doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1956.187.1.25 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 35 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
FGF21 regulates PGC-1α and browning of white adipose tissues in adaptive thermogenesis
Fisher, F. M., Kleiner, S., Douris, N., Fox, E. C., Mepani, R. J., Verdeguer, F., Wu, J., Kharitonenkov, A., Flier, J. S., Maratos-Flier, E., et al. (2012) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.177857.111 · Cited by 1,478 · see citing works
Self-citationExercise-induced BCL2-regulated autophagy is required for muscle glucose homeostasis
He, C., Bassik, M. C., Moresi, V., Sun, K., Wei, Y., Zou, Z., An, Z., Loh, J., Fisher, J., Sun, Q., et al. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10758 · Cited by 1,136 · see citing works
Understanding the Physiology of FGF21
Fisher, F. M., & Maratos-Flier, E. (2016) · Annual Review of Physiology · doi:10.1146/annurev-physiol-021115-105339 · Cited by 912 · see citing works
The effects of LY2405319, an FGF21 analog, in obese human subjects with type 2 diabetes
Gaich, G., Chien, J. Y., Fu, H., Glass, L. C., Deeg, M. A., Holland, W. L., Kharitonenkov, A., Bumol, T., Schilske, H. K., & Moller, D. E. (2013) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2013.08.005 · Cited by 885 · see citing works
Self-citationReceptor-mediated activation of ceramidase activity initiates the pleiotropic actions of adiponectin
Holland, W. L., Miller, R. A., Wang, Z. V., Sun, K., Barth, B. M., Bui, H. H., Davis, K. E., Bikman, B. T., Halberg, N., Rutkowski, J. M., et al. (2011) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.2277 · Cited by 892 · see citing works
Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance: Underlying Causes and Modification by Exercise Training
Roberts, C. K., Hevener, A. L., & Barnard, R. J. (2012) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.c110062 · Cited by 919 · see citing works
Obesity Is a Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21)-Resistant State
Fisher, F. M., Chui, P. C., Antonellis, P. J., Bina, H. A., Kharitonenkov, A., Flier, J. S., & Maratos-Flier, E. (2010) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db10-0193 · Cited by 830 · see citing works
Self-citationLin, Z., Tian, H., Lam, K. S. L., Lin, S., Hoo, R. C. L., Konishi, M., Itoh, N., Wang, Y., Bornstein, S. R., Xu, A., et al. (2013) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2013.04.005 · Cited by 691 · see citing works
Thermogenic Activation Induces FGF21 Expression and Release in Brown Adipose Tissue
Hondares, E., Iglesias, R., Giralt, A., Gonzalez, F. J., Giralt, M., Mampel, T., & Villarroya, F. (2011) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m110.215889 · Cited by 623 · see citing works
The therapeutic potential of FGF21 in metabolic diseases: from bench to clinic
Geng, L., Lam, K. S. L., & Xu, A. (2020) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-020-0386-0 · Cited by 607 · see citing works
Increased Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 in Obesity and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Dushay, J., Chui, P. C., Gopalakrishnan, G. S., Varela–Rey, M., Crawley, M., Fisher, F. M., Badman, M. K., Martinez–Chantar, M. L., & Maratos–Flier, E. (2010) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2010.04.054 · Cited by 607 · see citing works
Adipokine dysregulation and adipose tissue inflammation in human obesity
Unamuno, X., Gómez‐Ambrosi, J., Rodríguez, A., Becerril, S., Frühbeck, G., & Catalán, V. (2018) · European Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1111/eci.12997 · Cited by 610 · see citing works
Dutchak, P. A., Katafuchi, T., Bookout, A. L., Choi, J. H., Yu, R. T., Mangelsdorf, D. J., & Kliewer, S. A. (2012) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.11.062 · Cited by 537 · see citing works
An FGF21-Adiponectin-Ceramide Axis Controls Energy Expenditure and Insulin Action in Mice
Holland, W., Adams, A., Brozinick, J., Bui, H., Miyauchi, Y., Kusminski, C., Bauer, S., Wade, M., Singhal, E., Cheng, C. C., et al. (2013) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2013.03.019 · Cited by 525 · see citing works
Self-citationHigh-throughput phosphoproteomics reveals in vivo insulin signaling dynamics
Humphrey, S. J., Azimifar, S. B., & Mann, M. (2015) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt.3327 · Cited by 460 · see citing works
Endocrine fibroblast growth factors 15/19 and 21: from feast to famine
Potthoff, M. J., Kliewer, S. A., & Mangelsdorf, D. J. (2012) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.184788.111 · Cited by 442 · see citing works
Wei, W., Dutchak, P. A., Wang, X., Ding, X., Wang, X., Bookout, A. L., Goetz, R., Mohammadi, M., Gerard, R. D., Dechow, P. C., et al. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1200797109 · Cited by 426 · see citing works
The starvation hormone, fibroblast growth factor-21, extends lifespan in mice
Zhang, Y., Xie, Y., Berglund, E. D., Coate, K. C., He, T. T., Katafuchi, T., Xiao, G., Potthoff, M. J., Wei, W., Wan, Y., et al. (2012) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.00065 · Cited by 420 · see citing works
Therapeutic potential of the endocrine fibroblast growth factors FGF19, FGF21 and FGF23
Degirolamo, C., Sabbà, C., & Moschetta, A. (2016) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd.2015.9 · Cited by 424 · see citing works
Li, H., Fang, Q., Gao, F., Fan, J., Zhou, J., Wang, X., Zhang, H., Pan, X., Bao, Y., Xiang, K., et al. (2010) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2010.05.018 · Cited by 400 · see citing works
Hondares, E., Rosell, M., Gonzalez, F. J., Giralt, M., Iglesias, R., & Villarroya, F. (2010) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2010.02.001 · Cited by 377 · see citing works
Fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2) non-secretor status is associated with Crohn's disease
McGovern, D. P. B., Jones, M. R., Taylor, K. D., Marciante, K. D., Yan, X., Dubinsky, M. C., Ippoliti, A., Vasiliauskas, E. A., Berel, D., Derkowski, C. A., et al. (2010) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddq248 · Cited by 379 · see citing works
Berglund, E. D., Vianna, C. R., Donato, J., Kim, M. H., Chuang, J.-C., Lee, C. E., Lauzon, D. A., Lin, P., Brule, L. J., Scott, M. M., et al. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci59816 · Cited by 352 · see citing works
Self-citationRestoration of metabolic health by decreased consumption of branched‐chain amino acids
Richardson, N. E., Williams, E. M., Kasza, I., Konon, E. N., Schaid, M. D., Schmidt, B., Poudel, C., Sherman, D. S., Yu, D., Apelo, S. I. A., et al. (2017) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp275075 · Cited by 338 · see citing works
FGF21 gene therapy as treatment for obesity and insulin resistance
Jiménez, V., Jambrina, C., Casana, E., Sacristan, V., MUÑOZ, S. A., Darriba, S., Rodó, J., Mallol, C., García, M., León, X., et al. (2018) · EMBO Molecular Medicine · doi:10.15252/emmm.201708791 · Cited by 319 · see citing works
Flippo, K. H., & Potthoff, M. J. (2021) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-021-00354-2 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 as an emerging metabolic regulator: clinical perspectives
Woo, Y. C., Xu, A., Wang, Y., & Lam, K. S. L. (2012) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.12095 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
Sarruf, D. A., Thaler, J. P., Morton, G. J., German, J. P., Fischer, J. D., Ogimoto, K., & Schwartz, M. W. (2010) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db09-1878 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Tissue-specific actions of the metabolic hormones FGF15/19 and FGF21
Owen, B. M., Mangelsdorf, D. J., & Kliewer, S. A. (2015) · Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2014.10.002 · Cited by 286 · see citing works
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21—Metabolic Role in Mice and Men
Staiger, H., Keuper, M., Berti, L., Hrabě de Angelis, M., & Häring, H.-U. (2017) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2017-00016 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
Lin, Z., Pan, X., Wu, F., Ye, D., Zhang, Y., Wang, Y., Jin, L., Lian, Q., Huang, Y., Ding, H., et al. (2015) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.115.015308 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Mediates Specific Glucagon Actions
Habegger, K. M., Stemmer, K., Cheng, C., Müller, T. D., Heppner, K. M., Ottaway, N., Holland, J., Hembree, J. L., Smiley, D., Gelfanov, V., et al. (2013) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db12-1116 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Self-citationInterplay between FGF21 and insulin action in the liver regulates metabolism
Emanuelli, B., Vienberg, S. G., Smyth, G., Cheng, C., Stanford, K. I., Arumugam, M., Michael, M. D., Adams, A. C., Kharitonenkov, A., & Kahn, C. R. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci67353 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Self-citationIntegrated Regulation of Hepatic Metabolism by Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) in Vivo
Fisher, F. M., Estall, J. L., Adams, A. C., Antonellis, P. J., Bina, H. A., Flier, J. S., Kharitonenkov, A., Spiegelman, B. M., & Maratos–Flier, E. (2011) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2011-0281 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Self-citationCellular Mechanisms by Which FGF21 Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Male Mice
Camporez, J. P., Jornayvaz, F. R., Petersen, M. C., Pesta, D. H., Guigni, B. A., Serr, J., Zhang, D., Kahn, M., Samuel, V. T., Jurczak, M. J., et al. (2013) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2013-1191 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Mashili, F. L., Austin, R. L., Deshmukh, A. S., Fritz, T., Caidahl, K., Bergdahl, K., Zierath, J. R., Chibalin, A., Moller, D. E., Kharitonenkov, A., et al. (2011) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.1177 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Self-citationPharmacologic Effects of FGF21 Are Independent of the “Browning” of White Adipose Tissue
Véniant, M. M., Sivits, G., Helmering, J., Komorowski, R., Lee, J., Fan, W., Moyer, C., & Lloyd, D. J. (2015) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2015.04.019 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Inventing new medicines: The FGF21 story
Kharitonenkov, A., & Adams, A. C. (2014) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2013.12.003 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Self-citationNovel locus including FGF21 is associated with dietary macronutrient intake
Chu, A. Y., Workalemahu, T., Paynter, N. P., Rose, L. M., Giulianini, F., Tanaka, T., Ngwa, J. S., Qi, Q., Curhan, G. C., Rimm, E. B., et al. (2013) · Human Molecular Genetics · doi:10.1093/hmg/ddt032 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Bilirubin Binding to PPARα Inhibits Lipid Accumulation
Stec, D. E., John, K., Trabbic, C. J., Luniwal, A., Hankins, M. W., Baum, J., & Hinds, T. D. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0153427 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Li, H., Gao, Z., Zhang, J., Ye, X., Xu, A., Ye, J., & Jia, W. (2012) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db11-0846 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance: Underlying Causes and Modification by Exercise Training
Roberts, C. K., Hevener, A. L., & Barnard, R. J. (2013) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/j.2040-4603.2013.tb00484.x · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Ge, X., Chen, C., Hui, X. H., Wang, Y., Lam, K. S. L., & Xu, A. (2011) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m111.248591 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Lin, Z., Wu, Z., Yin, X., Liu, Y., Yan, X., Lin, S., Xiao, J., Wang, X., Feng, W., & Li, X. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0015534 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Ezpeleta, M., Gabel, K., Cienfuegos, S., Kalam, F., Lin, S., Pavlou, V., Song, Z., Haus, J. M., Koppe, S., Alexandria, S. J., et al. (2023) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2022.12.001 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Differential Specificity of Endocrine FGF19 and FGF21 to FGFR1 and FGFR4 in Complex with KLB
Yang, C., Jin, C., Li, X., Wang, F., McKeehan, W. L., & Luo, Y. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033870 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Gong, Q., Hu, Z., Zhang, F., Cui, A., Chen, X., Jiang, H., Gao, J., Chen, X., Han, Y., Liang, Q., et al. (2016) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.28523 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Hecht, R. I., Li, Y., Sun, J., Belouski, E., Hall, M. P., Hager, T., Yie, J., Wang, W., Winters, D., Smith, S. H., et al. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0049345 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Going Back to the Biology of FGF21: New Insights
Lewis, J. E., Ebling, F. J. P., Samms, R. J., & Tsintzas, K. (2019) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2019.05.007 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
FGF21-based pharmacotherapy – potential utility for metabolic disorders
Gimeno, R. E., & Moller, D. E. (2014) · Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2014.03.001 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Cyphert, H. A., Ge, X., Kohan, A. B., Salati, L. M., Zhang, Y., & Hillgartner, F. B. (2012) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m112.375907 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
FGF21: A Novel Regulator of Glucose and Lipid Metabolism and Whole-Body Energy Balance
Szczepańska, E., & Gietka‐Czernel, M. (2022) · Hormone and Metabolic Research · doi:10.1055/a-1778-4159 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
FGF21 reloaded: challenges of a rapidly growing field
Kharitonenkov, A., & Larsen, P. J. (2010) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2010.11.003 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Self-citationNew developments in the biology of fibroblast growth factors
Ornitz, D. M., & Itoh, N. (2022) · WIREs Mechanisms of Disease · doi:10.1002/wsbm.1549 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Different roles of N‐ and C‐ termini in the functional activity of FGF21
Micanovic, R., Raches, D. W., Dunbar, J. D., Driver, D. A., Bina, H. A., Dickinson, C. D., & Kharitonenkov, A. (2009) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.21675 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Self-citationRelevant use of Klotho in FGF19 subfamily signaling system in vivo
Tomiyama, K.-I., Maeda, R., Urakawa, I., Yamazaki, Y., Tanaka, T., Ito, S., Nabeshima, Y., Tomita, T., Odori, S., Hosoda, K., et al. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0913986107 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Pan, Q., Lin, S., Li, Y., Liu, L., Li, X., Gao, X., Yan, J., Gu, B., Chen, X., Li, W., et al. (2020) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.103202 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Fibroblast Growth Factor Signaling in Metabolic Regulation
Nies, V. J. M., Sancar, G., Liu, W., van Zutphen, T., Struik, D., Yu, R. T., Atkins, A. R., Evans, R. M., Jonker, J. W., & Downes, M. (2016) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2015.00193 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Hinds, T. D., Burns, K. A., Hosick, P. A., McBeth, L., Nestor‐Kalinoski, A. L., Drummond, H. A., AlAmodi, A. A., Hankins, M. W., Heuvel, J. P. V., & Stec, D. E. (2016) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m116.731703 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
A Specific ChREBP and PPARα Cross-Talk Is Required for the Glucose-Mediated FGF21 Response
Iroz, A., Montagner, A., Benhamed, F., Levavasseur, F., Polizzi, A., Anthony, E., Régnier, M., Fouché, E., Lukowicz, C., Cauzac, M., et al. (2017) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2017.09.065 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Arai, H., Yamashita, S., Yokote, K., Araki, E., Suganami, H., & Ishibashi, S. (2017) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.03.032 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Circulating FGF21 in humans is potently induced by short term overfeeding of carbohydrates
Lundsgaard, A.-M., Fritzen, A. M., Sjøberg, K. A., Myrmel, L. S., Madsen, L., Wojtaszewski, J. F. P., Richter, E. A., & Kiens, B. (2017) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2016.11.001 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Glucagon-to-insulin ratio is pivotal for splanchnic regulation of FGF-21 in humans
Hansen, J. S., Clemmesen, J. O., Secher, N. H., Hoene, M., Drescher, A., Weigert, C., Pedersen, B. K., & Plomgaard, P. (2015) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2015.06.001 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Huang, J., Ishino, T., Chen, G., Rolzin, P., Osothprarop, T. F., Retting, K., Li, L., Jin, P., Matin, M. J., Huyghe, B., et al. (2013) · The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1124/jpet.113.204420 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Fibroblast growth factor 21: a regulator of metabolic disease and health span
Xie, T., & Leung, P. S. (2017) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00101.2017 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
FGF21 attenuates neurodegeneration through modulating neuroinflammation and oxidant-stress
Kang, K., Xu, P., Wang, M., Chunyu, J., Sun, X., Ren, G., Xiao, W. L., & Li, D. (2020) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110439 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Activation of Liver FGF21 in hepatocarcinogenesis and during hepatic stress
Yang, C., Lu, W., Lin, T., You, P., Ye, M., Huang, Y., Jiang, X., Wang, C., Wang, F., Lee, M., et al. (2013) · BMC Gastroenterology · doi:10.1186/1471-230x-13-67 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Stanislaus, S., Hecht, R. I., Yie, J., Hager, T., Hall, M. P., Spahr, C. S., Wang, W., Weiszmann, J., Li, Y., Deng, L., et al. (2017) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2016-1917 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
FGF21 Revolutions: Recent Advances Illuminating FGF21 Biology and Medicinal Properties
Kharitonenkov, A., & DiMarchi, R. D. (2015) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2015.09.007 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Self-citationIglesias, P., Selgas, R., Romero, S., & Díez, J. J. (2012) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje-12-0357 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Wang, M.-Y., Yan, H., Shi, Z., Evans, M. R., Yu, X., Lee, Y., Chen, S., Williams, A., Philippe, J., Roth, M. G., et al. (2015) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1424934112 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Zhang, Y., Lei, T., Huang, J., Wang, S. B., Zhou, L., Yang, Z., & Chen, X. (2011) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2011.05.003 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Li, X., Ge, H., Weiszmann, J., Hecht, R. I., Li, Y., Véniant, M. M., Xu, J., Wu, X., Lindberg, R. A., & Li, Y. (2009) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2009.09.012 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
The Impact of Dietary Methionine Restriction on Biomarkers of Metabolic Health
Orgeron, M., Stone, K. P., Wanders, D., Cortez, C. C., Van, N. T., & Gettys, T. W. (2014) · Progress in molecular biology and translational science · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800101-1.00011-9 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
FGF21-receptor agonists: an emerging therapeutic class for obesity-related diseases
Sonoda, J., Chen, M. Z., & Baruch, A. (2017) · Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1515/hmbci-2017-0002 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Loss of hepatic PPARα promotes inflammation and serum hyperlipidemia in diet-induced obesity
Stec, D. E., Gordon, D. M., Hipp, J., Hong, S., Mitchell, Z. L., Franco, N. R., Robison, J., Anderson, C. D., Stec, D. F., & Hinds, T. D. (2019) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00153.2019 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets, glucose homeostasis, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Schugar, R. C., & Crawford, P. A. (2012) · Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care · doi:10.1097/mco.0b013e3283547157 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Frayling, T. M., Beaumont, R. N., Jones, S. E., Yaghootkar, H., Tuke, M. A., Ruth, K. S., Casanova, F., West, B., Locke, J., Sharp, S., et al. (2018) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2018.03.070 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Berglund, E. D., Kang, L., Lee, R. S., Hasenour, C. M., Lustig, D. G., Lynes, S. E., Donahue, E. P., Swift, L. L., Charron, M. J., & Wasserman, D. H. (2010) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00263.2010 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Self-citationRetractedFibroblast growth factor 21 night watch: advances and uncertainties in the field
Kharitonenkov, A., & DiMarchi, R. D. (2016) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/joim.12580 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Self-citationActivation of mTORC1 in skeletal muscle regulates whole-body metabolism through FGF21
Guridi, M., Tintignac, L. A. J., Lin, S., Kupr, B., Castets, P., & Rüegg, M. A. (2015) · Science Signaling · doi:10.1126/scisignal.aab3715 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Leng, Y., Wang, Z., Tsai, L.-K., Leeds, P. R., Fessler, E. B., Wang, J., & Chuang, D. M. (2014) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2013.192 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Arafat, A. M., Kaczmarek, P., Skrzypski, M., Pruszyńska‐Oszmałek, E., Kolodziejski, P. A., Szczepankiewicz, D., Sassek, M., Wojciechowicz, T., Wiedenmann, B. J., Pfeiffer, A. F. H., et al. (2012) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-012-2803-y · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Regulation of metabolic health by essential dietary amino acids
Green, C. L., & Lamming, D. W. (2018) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/j.mad.2018.07.004 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Fibroblast growth factors, old kids on the new block
Li, X., Wang, C., Xiao, J., McKeehan, W. L., & Wang, F. (2016) · Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.12.014 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Marino, J. S., Stechschulte, L. A., Stec, D. E., Nestor‐Kalinoski, A. L., Coleman, S., & Hinds, T. D. (2016) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m116.752311 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 As an Emerging Therapeutic Target for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
So, W. Y., & Leung, P. S. (2016) · Medicinal Research Reviews · doi:10.1002/med.21390 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Liu, J., Yang, K., Yang, J., Xiao, W., Le, Y., Yu, F., Gu, L., Lang, S., Tian, Q., Jin, T., et al. (2019) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.02.037 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
FGF 21 deletion exacerbates diabetic cardiomyopathy by aggravating cardiac lipid accumulation
Yan, X., Chen, J., Zhang, C., Zhou, S., Zhang, Z., Chen, J., Feng, W., Li, X., & Tan, Y. (2015) · Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1111/jcmm.12530 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Wang, H., Xiao, Y., Fu, L., Zhao, H., Zhang, Y., Wan, X., Qin, Y., Huang, Y., Gao, H., & Li, X. (2010) · BMC Biotechnology · doi:10.1186/1472-6750-10-14 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Progressive adaptation of hepatic ketogenesis in mice fed a high-fat diet
Sunny, N. E., Satapati, S., Fu, X., He, T., Mehdibeigi, R., Spring-Robinson, C. L., Duarte, J. A. G., Potthoff, M. J., Browning, J. D., & Burgess, S. C. (2010) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00033.2010 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Cyphert, H. A., Alonge, K. M., Ippagunta, S. M., & Hillgartner, F. B. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0094996 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Lee, M. S., Choi, S., Ha, E. S., An, S.-Y., Kim, T. H., Han, S. J., Kim, H. J., Kim, D. J., KANG, Y. Y., & Lee, K. W. (2012) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2012.01.012 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Omar, B. A., Andersen, B., Hald, J., Raun, K., Nishimura, E., & Åhrén, B. (2013) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db13-0710 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Berti, L., Irmler, M., Zdichavsky, M., Meile, T., Böhm, A., Stefan, N., Fritsche, A., Beckers, J., Königsrainer, A., Häring, H.-U., et al. (2015) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2015.04.002 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Fibroblast growth factor 21, the endocrine FGF pathway and novel treatments for metabolic syndrome
Zhang, J., & Li, Y. (2013) · Drug Discovery Today · doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2013.10.021 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
CREBH-FGF21 axis improves hepatic steatosis by suppressing adipose tissue lipolysis
Park, J., Xu, X., Cho, S., Hur, K. Y., Lee, M., Kersten, S., & Lee, A. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep27938 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Analogs for Treating Metabolic Disorders
Zhang, J., & Li, Y. (2015) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2015.00168 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Fibroblast growth factor 21 is induced upon cardiac stress and alters cardiac lipid homeostasis
Brahma, M. K., Adam, R. C., Pollak, N. M., Jaeger, D., Zierler, K. A., Poecher, N., Schreiber, R., Romauch, M., Moustafa, T., Eder, S., et al. (2014) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1194/jlr.m044784 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Ribas, F., Villarroya, J., Hondares, E., Giralt, M., & Villarroya, F. (2014) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj20140403 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
- Authors
- Berglund, E. D., Li, C. Y., Bina, H. A., Lynes, S. E., Michael, M. D., Shanafelt, A. B., Kharitonenkov, A., & Wasserman, D. H.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Eli Lilly (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Berglund, Eric D.
- Venue
- Endocrinology
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2009-05-21
- Volume
- 150
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 4084-4093
- ISSN
- 0013-7227 (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7170
- PMC
- PMC2736088
- OpenAlex
- W1977516373
- Cited by
- 297
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 7.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Endocrinology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Vanderbilt University
- National Institutes of Health (DK-59637, U24 DK59637)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (U24DK59637, R01 DK-50277, T32DK07563, U24DK059637, R01DK050277, T32DK007563)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fibroblast Growth Factor Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Keywords
- FGF21, glycemic control, insulin sensitivity, hepatic glucose production, liver glycogen, glucagon, glucose clearance, fasting hyperglycemia, ob/ob mice, obesity, glucose disposal
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Blood Glucose, Fasting, Fibroblast Growth Factors, Glucagon, Insulin Resistance, Liver, Liver Glycogen, Male, Mice, Obese, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review