cindr, the Drosophila Homolog of the CD2AP Alzheimer’s Disease Risk Gene, Is Required for Synaptic Transmission and Proteostasis
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The Alzheimer's disease (AD) susceptibility gene, CD2-associated protein (CD2AP), encodes an actin binding adaptor protein, but its function in the nervous system is largely unknown. Loss of the Drosophila ortholog cindr enhances neurotoxicity of human Tau, which forms neurofibrillary tangle pathology in AD. We show that Cindr is expressed in neurons and present at synaptic terminals. cindr mutants show impairments in synapse maturation and both synaptic vesicle recycling and release. Cindr associates and genetically interacts with 14-3-3ζ, regulates the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and affects turnover of Synapsin and the plasma membrane calcium ATPase (PMCA). Loss of cindr elevates PMCA levels and reduces cytosolic calcium. Studies of Cd2ap null mice support a conserved role in synaptic proteostasis, and CD2AP protein levels are inversely related to Synapsin abundance in human postmortem brains. Our results reveal CD2AP neuronal requirements with relevance to AD susceptibility, including for proteostasis, calcium handling, and synaptic structure and function.
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Synaptic fragility/sensitivity was proposed as a pathological trigger depending on genetic risk factors, some of which have already been linked to synaptic mechanisms such as BIN1, FERMT2, PTK2B or CD2AP.
“we proposed synaptic fragility/sensitivity as a pathological trigger10, depending on genetic risk factors, some of which have already been linked to synaptic mechanisms, such as BIN1, FERMT2, PTK2B or CD2AP9–12.”
From PLCG2 downregulation impairs synaptic function and increases Alzheimer’s disease hallmarks in neuronal cultures (2026) · cites this paper as [12]
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Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Minegishi Y, Shibagaki Y, Mizutani A, Fujita K, Tezuka T, Kinoshita M, Kuroda M, Hattori S, and Gotoh N (2013). Adaptor protein complex of FRS2β and CIN85/CD2AP provides a novel mechanism for ErbB2/HER2 protein downregulation. Cancer Sci. 104, 345– 352. 23279575 PMC7657159
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Additional file 1 of Synaptic tau: A pathological or physiological phenomenon?
Robbins, M., Clayton, E. L., & Schierle, G. S. K. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.16599510
Sun, J., Gao, G., Wang, S., Li, S., Tang, J., Liu, H., & Tang, T.-S. (2026) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-026-02776-4
- Authors
- Ojelade, S. A., Lee, T. V., Giagtzoglou, N., Yu, L., Ugur, B., Li, Y., Duraine, L., Zuo, Z., Petyuk, V., De Jager, P. L., Bennett, D. A., Arenkiel, B. R., Bellen, H. J., & Shulman, J. M.
- Affiliations
- Baylor College of Medicine (US)
- Rush University Medical Center (US)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Shulman, Joshua M.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cell Reports
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-08
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1799-1813.e5
- ISSN
- 2211-1247 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6703184
- OpenAlex
- W2950866612
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 109
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 3.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Burroughs Wellcome Fund
- Alzheimer's Association
- National Institutes of Health
- American Federation for Aging Research
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Keywords
- CD2AP, Alzheimer's disease, synaptic transmission, synaptic vesicle recycling, 14-3-3ζ, ubiquitin-proteasome system, synapsin, plasma membrane calcium ATPase, intracellular calcium, neurofibrillary tangles, synapse maturation, Drosophila
- MeSH terms
- Proteostasis, Alzheimer Disease, Animals, Cytoskeletal Proteins, Drosophila melanogaster, Female, Humans, Male, Microfilament Proteins, Synaptic Transmission, Neurons, Proteome, Drosophila Proteins, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, 14-3-3 Proteins, Mice
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