Pancreatic cancer patients who smoke and drink are diagnosed at younger ages
Open accessAbstract
Background & aims Cigarette smoking is an established risk factor for pancreatic cancer, but there is conflicting evidence regarding the effects of alcohol consumption. The effects of cigarettes and alcohol on age of sporadic pancreatic cancer diagnosis have not been examined; we evaluated the independent and synergistic effects of lifetime cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption on age at pancreatic cancer diagnosis in the United States.Methods We analyzed data on cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption from the IMPAC Services, Inc Cancer Information Resource File (CIRF), collected from June 1, 1993, to December 31, 2003, for 29,239 reported, histologically confirmed cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. We also analyzed data on cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption for 820 histologically confirmed cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma from the University of Michigan Pancreatic Cancer Registry (UMPCR), collected from January 2004 to October 2007.Results Current cigarette smokers were diagnosed at significantly younger ages than never smokers, according to data from the CIRF and UMPCR (8.3 and 6.3 y, respectively); the UMPCR data indicated dose effects. Past and current alcohol consumption were associated with younger age at diagnosis in both databases. Current smokers who were current drinkers were diagnosed significantly earlier (CIRF, 10.2 y; UMPCR, 8.6 y) than abstainers. Past cigarette smoking was associated modestly with younger diagnosis age.Conclusions Cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption were associated with younger age at pancreatic cancer presentation and have a combined effect on diagnosis age. Past cigarette smoking is less influential. Smoking cessation programs could help prevent pancreatic cancer.
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The average age for diagnosis of pancreatic cancer is slightly younger in smokers, by several years, than in non-smokers.
“The average age for diagnosis of pancreatic cancer is slightly younger in smokers (by several years) than in non-smokers.”
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- Authors
- Brand, R. E., Greer, J. B., Zolotarevsky, E., Brand, R., Du, H., Simeone, D., Zisman, A., Gorchow, A., Lee, S. (., Roy, H. K., & Anderson, M. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- University of Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- Brand, Randall E.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-09
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1007-1012
- ISSN
- 1542-3565 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2736339
- OpenAlex
- W2009532475
- Cited by
- 57
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 4 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 2.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Cancer Institute (P30CA046592, T32CA083654)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatitis Pathology and Treatment
- Keywords
- pancreatic cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, age at diagnosis, smoking cessation, cancer risk factors, dose-response relationship
- MeSH terms
- Adenocarcinoma, Age Factors, Aged, Alcohol Drinking, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Smoking, United States, Smoking Cessation, Age of Onset
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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