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The relationship between cell phone use, academic performance, anxiety, and Satisfaction with Life in college students
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“have been shown to constitute an at-risk population regarding excessive and addictive smartphone use1–4”
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Reflections on the Use of a Smartphone to Facilitate Qualitative Research in South Africa
Matlala, S. F., & Matlala, M. (2018) · The Qualitative Report · doi:10.46743/2160-3715/2018.3409 · Cited by 4
Efficacy of Cell Phones Within Instructional Design
Storch, S. L., & Juarez-Paz, A. V. O. (2018) · International Journal of Mobile and Blended Learning · doi:10.4018/ijmbl.2019010102 · Cited by 4
“Student focus and academic performance can suffer as a result of these distractions (Kuznekoff & Titsworth, 2013; Lepp et al., 2014; McCoy, 2013; Wei, Wang, & Klausner, 2012).”
BackgroundLIFE POSITIONS AS PREDICTOR OF LIFE SATISFACTION AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS*
Karababa, A. (2019) · Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.17240/aibuefd.2019.19.46660-448635 · Cited by 4
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Luo, L., & Kiewra, K. A. (2022) · Advances in higher education and professional development book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-9243-4.ch008 · Cited by 4
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Majorana, J. C., & VanDeusen, E. A. (2022) · About Campus Enriching the Student Learning Experience · doi:10.1177/10864822221100251 · Cited by 4
“A steady stream of input from social media and cell phones makes uninterrupted space to think a rare commodity, as reported by Lepp et al. (2014) in the journal Computers and Human Behavior.”
BackgroundToyama, M., & Hayashi, Y. (2022) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-022-03894-2 · Cited by 4
Ahmed, M. S., Rony, R. J., Hadi, M. A., Hossain, E., & Ahmed, N. (2023) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3604240 · Cited by 4
“Moreover, parents’ concerns about the smartphone usage of their children [49] and also an exploration of previous studies [5, 6, 11, 13, 20, 21, 72] regarding the negative relation of smartphones with academic performance shows the significance of the investigation.”
Roy, S. K., & Musfika, M. U. H. (2024) · Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s41347-024-00415-9 · Cited by 4
“According to Lepp et al. (2014), this group exhibits the highest rate of mobile phone technology adoption, and widespread ownership of cell phones has been reported among them (Long et al., 2016; Zhang et al., 2020).”
Considered Factors of Online News Based on Respondents’ Eye Activity Using Eye-Tracker Analysis
Yohandy, D. H., Setyohadi, D. B., & Santoso, A. J. (2020) · Future Internet · doi:10.3390/fi12030057 · Cited by 4
How Confident are EFL Prospective Teachers toward Technology?
Megawati, F., Hasanah, F. N., Aulina, C. N., Avivi, M., & Muntiari, N. S. (2020) · Lensa Kajian Kebahasaan Kesusastraan dan Budaya · doi:10.26714/lensa.10.2.2020.137-151 · Cited by 4
“is from Lepp et al. (2015). They found that the use of technology represented by mobile phone is the important predictor of the college”
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Linking Loneliness and Use of Social Media
Guo, H. (2015) · Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja · Cited by 4
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Mobile Use in the Classroom is a Mixed Bag, and Lecturers Need to Provide Students With Guidelines
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“…and quantity, anxiety, loneliness, depression, dissatisfaction with life, more social relationships, substance addic-tions, attention deficit, and hyperactivity disorder (Amez & Baert, 2020)—all of them have direct and indirect negative effect on the academic performance (Lepp et al., 2014).”
Nwodo, N. A. (2025) · International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Growth Evaluation · doi:10.54660/.ijmrge.2025.6.3.136-141 · Cited by 3
Cocchi, A., Abeele, M. V., Martens, M., Koster, E. H. W., Wever, B. D., & Leyn, T. D. (2025) · Journal of Children and Media · doi:10.1080/17482798.2025.2537765 · Cited by 7
“Over the past decades, research has investigated the consequences of digital media on adolescents’ wellbeing, often by correlating digital behaviour with wellbeing measures (e.g., Lepp et al., 2014).”
Homo smartphonus: Psychological Aspects of Smartphone Use—A Literature Review
Sorokowski, P., & Sobczak, M. (2025) · Multimodal Technologies and Interaction · doi:10.3390/mti9080083 · Cited by 4
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“High-frequency of ICT use is often accompanied by multi-task operation, which challenges students’ distribution of cognitive resource and If mishandled, might result in anxiety (Lepp et al., 2014; Gorjón and Osés, 2023).”
Sharma, E., & Nigam, N. (2025) · Discover Social Science and Health · doi:10.1007/s44155-025-00327-w · Cited by 10
Yaman, M. S., ÇAKIR, Z., Çatıkkaş, F., Türkmen, M., Şengönül, A., GÖNEN, M., Öktem, T., Güzel, S., & Yel, K. (2026) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/21582440261482059 · Cited by 3
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The Use, Impact, and Unintended Consequences of Mobile Web-Enabled Devices in University Classrooms
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Chen, X., Lian, S.-L., Cheng, L., & Zhu, X.-W. (2024) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-024-05736-9 · Cited by 7
“Along with the rise in mobile phone usage, the problem of mobile phone addiction has become a worldwide concern (Lepp et al., 2014).”
An Observational Study to Assess Smartphone Usage in Patients of Anxiety and Depression
Nair, A. S., Halder, A., Shahani, R., Avula, N., Harshe, D. G., & Harshe, G. (2024) · Annals of Indian Psychiatry · doi:10.4103/aip.aip_220_23 · Cited by 4
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“Furthermore, much of the existing literature linking phone use with anxiety utilizes cross-sectional studies, which estimate associations at a given point in time [12, 16, 19].”
BackgroundAn Analysis of the Decline in Face-to-Face Communication Due to Technology
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Akıllı Telefon Bağımlılığının Akademik Başarı Üzerindeki Etkisi: Üniversite Gençliği Araştırması
Balcı, Ş., Olkun, E. O., & Sarıtaş, H. (2025) · SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ İLETİŞİM FAKÜLTESİ AKADEMİK DERGİSİ · doi:10.18094/josc.1677553 · Cited by 3
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MethodSupport Healthy Brain Development: Implications for Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder 1, 2
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The Influence of Cultural Attitudes and Norms on Smartphone Use, Technostress, and Life Satisfaction
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A scoping review of the association between smartphone use and mental health among college students
Jeff, C., Jordan L, K., & Daniel, M. (2020) · International Journal of Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.23937/2643-4059/1710022 · Cited by 3
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Predictors of the dependence on smartphones: the neglect of studies among Muslim students
Tan, C. N.-L., Fauzi, M. A., & Ojo, A. O. (2022) · Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication · doi:10.1108/gkmc-12-2021-0194 · Cited by 6
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Paré, M. A., Muir, I. L., & Munroe‐Chandler, K. J. (2022) · International Journal of Kinesiology in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/24711616.2022.2081826 · Cited by 3
“Such findings are significant to students’ post-secondary experience as exercise and low psychological distress are linked to better academic performance (Lepp et al., 2014) and lower school dropout rates (Marcotte & Lévesque, 2018).”
BackgroundA health communication campaign designed to improve study habits and wellness: A feasibility study
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“Además, puede no estar afianzada su identidad personal, manifestándose comportamientos inestables, así como hábitos no saludables como es el consumo de sustancias dañinas o altos índices de sedentarismo (Chacón et al., 2020; Chacón et al., 2017; Lepp et al., 2014).”
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Ergenlerde akıllı telefon bağımlılığının yordayıcısı olarak benlik saygısı ve yaşam doyumu
Uzun, A. E., Hamurcu, H., & Gülgün, U. Z. U. N. (2024) · Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi · doi:10.30783/nevsosbilen.1421182 · Cited by 3
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“2 Candidates for participation were enrolled, then asked to complete a questionnaire about their cell phone use (based on questionnaires developed by Hanley and Becker 2009, and Lepp, Barkley, and Karpinski 2014).”
Wang, W., Wu, M., Yuan, X., Wang, X., Ma, L., Li, L., & Zhang, L. (2025) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/71264 · Cited by 3
“This study found that the average smartphone screen time and number of smartphone unlocks, measured by screenshots of participants’ smartphone use records, were significantly higher than previous self-reported smartphone use among college students [41,42].”
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Online technology for teaching and learning—gains and losses
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“Set against this are the challenges presented by mobile technologies – an expectation of reduced response times or immediate responses, and the always on nature leading to reduced separation of work and private life, causing stress and anxiety for staff and students alike (Lepp et al, 2014).”
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KHAN, S., & KHALID, M. (2018) · Journal of Computer & Information Technology · doi:10.22147/jucit/090201 · Cited by 3
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“Similar results have been observed for high cell phone use, which has been associated with worse academic performance as well as with higher anxiety and lower life satisfaction in college students [22].”
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Zebroski, M. (2019) · Digital Commons @ Connecticut College (Connecticut College) · Cited by 3
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“Excessive cell phone usage is widespread among young people and is negatively correlated with academic performance (13), interpersonal relationships, self-esteem, conscienceregulation, and general happiness (14).”
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“Lepp, Barkley, and Karpinski (2015) in their study on Students’ Frequency of cell phone use anxiety, lower grade and happiness showed that cell phone use by college students was negatively related to GPA and positively related to anxiety.”
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Herwandito, S., Pawito, P., Utari, P., & Hastjarjo, S. (2025) · Cogent Business & Management · doi:10.1080/23311975.2025.2579348 · Cited by 2
“…through random sampling (e. J. lee et al., 2003). in addition, students tend to adopt smartphone technology more quickly than older generations (lepp et al., 2014). in addition, students more readily engage with m-commerce platforms (Jih & lee, 2003), as they adopt smartphone technology more…”
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“…health issues such as inducing headache (Korpinen and Pääkkönen 2009), concentration di ffi culties, symptoms of depression (Thomée, Härenstam, and Hagberg 2011), sleep disturbances, anxiety (Demirci, Akgönül, and Akpinar 2015) or dissatisfaction with life (Lepp, Barkley, and Karpinski 2014).”
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“Unfortunately, many college students are likely to excessive use of smartphone due to multiple types of personal use, professional types of utilization such as studying through smartphones during the pandemic, and lack of supervision of parents (Jiang & Zhao, 2016; Lepp et al., 2014).”
A retrospective study of life skills promotes healthy Internet use among adolescents
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The co-occurrence between depressive symptoms and smartphone addiction: a network analysis
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“A growing amount of evidence has documented that SA contributes to a series of adverse consequences, such as poor academic performance, poor sleep quality, and emotional and physical health problems (Lepp, Barkley, and Karpinski 2014; Xie et al. 2016; Yang et al. 2020).”
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KECANDUAN GADGET DALAM INTERAKSI SOSIAL PADA REMAJA SMA DAERAH BANTUL DAN SLEMAN
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Mobile devices of students in the school learning environment through lens of teacher assessment
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Blending Smart Phones into Regular Classroom Learning
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Humanistic Antidotes to Social Media/Cell Phone Addiction in the College Classroom
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Jehopio, P. J., Wesonga, R., & Candia, D. A. (2017) · International Journal of Computer Applications Technology and Research · doi:10.7753/ijcatr0601.1005 · Cited by 2
“less attention, hampered learning and hindered productivity at the expense of better academic performance [3-7] [8] [9, 10] [11, 12] [9, 13].”
BackgroundAdeniyi, D. A., WEI, Z., & Yang, Y. (2016) · DEStech Transactions on Engineering and Technology Research · doi:10.12783/dtetr/ssme-ist2016/3930 · Cited by 2
“The result of this study is also consistent with the growing evidence that college students’ internet and SNS applications usage are negatively associated with academic performance, as well as mental and physical health [8, 9].”
ResultAdapting Art Critiques to Address Digital Harm
Jesup, C. (2017) · Visual Arts Research · doi:10.5406/visuartsrese.43.1.0076 · Cited by 2
The Use, Impact, and Unintended Consequences of Mobile Web-Enabled Devices in University Classrooms
Johnston, K. A. (2016) · Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology · doi:10.28945/3464 · Cited by 2
Your Best Life: The Low-tech Diet—Shedding Those Unwanted Emails, Texts, and Notifications
Kelly, J. D. (2018) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1097/corr.0000000000000385 · Cited by 2
Metadata
- Authors
- Lepp, A., Barkley, J. E., & Karpinski, A. C.
- Affiliations
- Kent State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lepp, Andrew
- Venue
- Computers in Human Behavior
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-02
- Volume
- 31
- Pages
- 343-350
- ISSN
- 0747-5632 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1998146685
- Cited by
- 990
- References
- 58
- Citations by year
- 2026: 56 · 2025: 59 · 2024: 87 · 2023: 98 · 2022: 94 · 2021: 126 · 2020: 114 · 2019: 91 · 2018: 94 · 2017: 58 · 2016: 56 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 14
- FWCI
- 116.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Computers in Human Behavior (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Personal Information Management and User Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Student Stress and Coping
- Keywords
- mobile phone use, text messaging, academic performance, anxiety, life satisfaction, subjective well-being, university students, GPA, mental health, mediation
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