Biochar application with reduced chemical fertilizers improves soil pore structure and rice productivity
Abstract
Biochar is an efficient amendment to improve soil quality and crop productivity, but the potential of biochar as a substitute for chemical fertilizers is still unknown. Here we conducted a 6-year field experiment to investigate how partial substitution of biochar to NPK fertilizers affect soil quality and rice yield in the northeast of China. The experiment included three treatments: Control (B0: NPK fertilizers only: 240 kg N ha -1 , 52 kg P ha -1 , and 100 kg K ha -1 ); Low-input biochar (B1.5: 95% N, 89% P, 75% K + 1.5 t biochar ha -1 year -1 ); and High-input biochar (B3.0: 90% N, 78% P, 50% K + 3.0 t biochar ha -1 year -1 ). The amounts of NPK application in the biochar treatments were determined according to an equivalent method. We evaluated the soil pore structure characteristics via a CT technology, and investigated soil nutrients, plant biomass, root growth, and grain yields. The results showed that, after the 6-year application, the soil pore structure and rice productivity of B1.5 were significantly improved in compared to those of B0 and B3.0. B1.5 had similar soil available NPK contents, but 6.6% higher rice yield as compared to B0, because of increased root length density (33.2%) and aboveground biomass (10.2%). B1.5 also increased soil macroporosity (>100 μm) (141.4%), fraction dimension (8.4%), and pore connectivity (16.6%) in compared with those of B0. However, B3.0 showed the lowest rice yield due to lower soil available N content (19.2%), macroporosity (28…
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The resulting larger interconnected pores reduce surface area but enhance mass transport, which supports water/nutrient retention potential.
“The resulting larger interconnected pores reduce surface area but enhance mass transport, supporting water/nutrient retention potential[126].”
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- Authors
- An, N., Zhang, L., Liu, Y., Shen, S., Li, N., Wu, Z., Yang, J., Han, W., & Han, X.
- Affiliations
- Shenyang Agricultural University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Han, Wei
- Han, Xiaori
- Venue
- Chemosphere
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2022-07
- Volume
- 298
- Pages
- 134304
- ISSN
- 0045-6535 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4221114674
- Cited by
- 135
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 12
- FWCI
- 15.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Chemosphere (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (41501235, 41807014)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Agricultural Science and Fertilization
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Management and Crop Yield
- Keywords
- biochar, rice yield, soil pore structure, macroporosity, pore connectivity, root length density, soil quality, chemical fertilizer reduction, soil nitrogen availability, soil nutrients, aboveground biomass
- MeSH terms
- Agriculture, Charcoal, Fertilizers, Oryza, Soil
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