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Cited by 40Prenatal Substance Exposure EffectsChild Welfare and AdoptionMaternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum

Psychosocial and behavioral factors related to the post-partum placements of infants born to cocaine-using women

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Minnes, Sonia, Singer, Lynn T., Humphrey-Wall, Rashida, Satayathum, Sudtida·2008·Child Abuse & Neglect
DOI 10.1016/j.chiabu.2007.12.002PMC PMC2867108
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Abstract

Objective One objective was to determine if cocaine-using women who did not maintain infant custody (NMC) would report more psychological distress, domestic violence, negative coping skills, lower social support and more childhood trauma than cocaine-using women who maintained custody (MC) of their infant. A second objective was to evaluate the relative contribution of psychosocial factors to infant placement.Methods Psychosocial profiles of MC women (n=144) were compared with NMC (n=66) cocaine-using women. Subjects were low income, urban, African-American women who delivered an infant at a county teaching hospital. The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), an assessment of coping strategies (COPE), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS) and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) were administered. The associations of infant placement status to demographic factors, drug use and psychosocial measures were evaluated.Results The NMC group reported greater overall psychological distress, psychoticism, somatization, anxiety and hostility than the MC group. The NMC group had more childhood neglect and physical abuse and used more negative coping strategies than the MC group. Lack of prenatal care [OR=.83, CI (.75-.91), p<.0001], heavier prenatal cocaine use [OR=2.55, CI (1.13-4.34), p<.007], greater psychological distress [OR=2.21, CI (1.13-4.34), p<.02] and a childhood history of emotional neglect [OR=1.10, CI (1.02-1.19), p<.02] were associated with increased likelihood of loss of infant custody after control for other substance use and demographic variables.Conclusions NMC women have more negative psychological and behavioral functioning post-partum than MC women. Less prenatal care and greater cocaine use, psychological distress and maternal childhood emotional neglect are associated with the post-partum placement of infants born to cocaine-using women.Practice implications Results of this study indicate that poor, urban women who use cocaine prenatally display several measurable differences on psychosocial and behavioral risk factors based on child placement status. Among these risk factors heavier cocaine use, lack of prenatal care, more severe psychological symptoms and early childhood experiences of emotional neglect increase the likelihood of loss of infant custody. Routine, objective assessments of psychosocial and behavioral characteristics of women who use cocaine during pregnancy can aid Child Protective Service workers and clinicians by providing baseline data from which to tailor interventions and set improvement criteria for mother-child reunification.

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  • A high incidence of emotional and physical neglect is documented among substance using mothers, as well as a greater tendency towards depression and more chaotic child-rearing environments.

    “A high incidence of emotional and physical neglect is documented among substance using mothers (57, 79, 80), as well as a greater tendency towards depression and more chaotic child-rearing environments (81).”

    From Mothering, Substance Use Disorders and Intergenerational Trauma Transmission: An Attachment-Based Perspective (2019) · cites this paper as [79]

  • Addicted mothers are far more likely to lose custody of their children as a result of child neglect or abuse.

    “In fact, addicted mothers are far more likely to lose custody of their children as a result of child neglect or abuse (Minnes et al., 2008).”

    From The maternal brain and its plasticity in humans (2016) · cites this paper as Minnes et al., 2008

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Authors
Minnes, S., Singer, L. T., Humphrey-Wall, R., & Satayathum, S.
Affiliations
Case Western Reserve University (US)
Corresponding author
Singer, Lynn T.
ORCID
Venue
Child Abuse & Neglect
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2008-03
Volume
32
Issue
3
Pages
353-366
ISSN
0145-2134 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.chiabu.2007.12.002
PMC
PMC2867108
OpenAlex
W2028939120
Cited by
40
References
46
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 5
FWCI
2.40
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Child Abuse & Neglect (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • U.S. Public Health Service (R01-07957)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA007957)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
  • Social Sciences › Safety Research › Child Welfare and Adoption
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Keywords
prenatal cocaine exposure, maternal cocaine use, child placement, psychological distress, childhood emotional neglect, childhood trauma, coping strategies, social support, domestic violence, prenatal care, postpartum period, African American women, low-income urban women, child protection services, substance use in pregnancy, Brief Symptom Inventory, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support
MeSH terms
Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Demography, Female, Foster Home Care, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Ohio, Pregnancy, Prenatal Care, Psychology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Support, Program Development, Cocaine-Related Disorders, Parturition

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