Do trauma symptoms mediate the relationship between childhood physical abuse and adult child abuse risk?

Milner, Joel S.; Thomsen, Cynthia J.; Crouch, Julie L.; Rabenhorst, Mandy M.; Martens, Patricia M.; Dyslin, Christopher W.; Guimond, Jennifer M.; Stander, Valerie A.; Merrill, Lex L.

doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2009.09.017

Cited by 93Child Abuse and TraumaIntimate Partner and Family ViolenceChild Welfare and Adoption

Do trauma symptoms mediate the relationship between childhood physical abuse and adult child abuse risk?

Milner, Joel S., Thomsen, Cynthia J., Crouch, Julie L., Rabenhorst, Mandy M., Martens, Patricia M., Dyslin, Christopher W., Guimond, Jennifer M., Stander, Valerie A. +1 more·2010·Child Abuse & Neglect

DOI 10.1016/j.chiabu.2009.09.017

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Abstract

Objective Although the intergenerational transmission of family violence has been well documented, the mechanisms responsible for this effect have not been fully determined. The present study examined whether trauma symptoms mediate the relationship between a childhood history of child physical abuse (CPA) and adult CPA risk, and whether any such mediation was similar for women and men.Method Female and male US Navy (USN) recruits (N=5,394) and college students (N=716) completed self-report measures of their history of child abuse (i.e., CPA and child sexual abuse [CSA]), exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV), current trauma symptoms, and adult CPA risk.Results As expected, there was a strong association between a childhood history of CPA and adult CPA risk. This association was significant even after controlling for demographic variables and childhood exposure to other forms of violence (CSA and IPV), and the strength of the relationship did not vary depending on demographics or exposure to other forms of violence. However, the association between a history of CPA and adult risk of CPA was stronger for individuals high in defensive avoidance compared to those low in defensive avoidance. The association between a history of CPA and adult CPA risk was largely, although not entirely, mediated by psychological trauma symptoms. Mediation was observed for both women and men in both the USN and college samples.Conclusions Trauma symptoms associated with a history of CPA accounted for a substantial part of the relationship between a history of CPA and adult CPA risk in both women and men.Practice implications To the extent that trauma symptoms are a mechanism by which the intergenerational transmission of child abuse occurs, intervening to reduce trauma symptoms in CPA victims has the potential of reducing their risk of continuing the cycle of violence.

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Defensive avoidance was found to mediate the link between CPA exposure and adult risk of CPA perpetration.
“For example, defensive avoidance was found to mediate the link between CPA exposure and adult risk of CPA perpetration (Milner et al., 2010).”
From Childhood Physical Abuse and Antisocial Traits: Mediating Role of Posttraumatic Stress Symptom Clusters (2022) · cites this paper as Milner et al., 2010

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Authors: Milner, J. S., Thomsen, C. J., Crouch, J. L., Rabenhorst, M. M., Martens, P. M., Dyslin, C. W., Guimond, J. M., Stander, V. A., & Merrill, L. L.
Affiliations: Northern Illinois University (US)
Kennedy Krieger Institute (US)
Governors State University (US)
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (US)
Naval Health Research Center (US)
Corresponding author: Milner, Joel S.
ORCID: Milner, Joel S.
Thomsen, Cynthia J.
Crouch, Julie L.
Guimond, Jennifer M.
Stander, Valerie A.
Venue: Child Abuse & Neglect
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2010-05
Volume: 34
Issue: 5
Pages: 332-344
ISSN: 0145-2134 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2009.09.017
OpenAlex: W2062158362
Cited by: 93
References: 104
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 6.66
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Child Abuse & Neglect (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Social Sciences › Health › Intimate Partner and Family Violence
Social Sciences › Safety Research › Child Welfare and Adoption
Keywords: child physical abuse, intergenerational transmission of violence, trauma symptoms, mediation, defensive avoidance, intimate partner violence, child sexual abuse, gender differences, cycle of violence
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Child, Child Abuse, Female, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Sexual Partners, Wounds and Injuries, Midwestern United States, Domestic Violence, Risk Assessment, Adult Survivors of Child Abuse, Young Adult

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Do trauma symptoms mediate the relationship between childhood physical abuse and adult child abuse risk?

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